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CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
Digital I/O
Transistors and Mosfets
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
Bipolar Transistors used as Switches
NPN PNPBase Base
Emitter
Collector
Collector
Emitter
How do we get them turned on?
Forward bias the Base:Emitter Junction
Supply current
How much current?
1/10th as much as the Collector:Emitter current
How do we know if we have been successful?
Vce will drop to about 0.2V
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
Bipolar Transistors used as Switches
How do we get them turned on?
How do we know if we have been successful?
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
MOSFET Transistors used as Switches
N-Channel P-ChannelGate Gate
Source
Drain
Source
Drain
How do we get them turned on?
|VGS| > Threshold N-Channel: G > S, P-Channel G < S
How do we know if we have been successful?
RDS will drop to a low value
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
MOSFET Transistors used as Switches
How do we get them turned on?
How do we know if we have been successful?
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
What is CMOS ?
Complementary MOSN-Channel and P-Channel used in Pairs
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
What is CMOS ?
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
Digital Inputs
Logic Levels
Voltage Levels
0 1
< Low Threshold > High Threshold
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
What Are the Voltage Levels?That Depends onthe type of logic...
Transistor Transistor Logic
High-speed CMOS
High-speed CMOS, TTL input
Original CMOS
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
R ecom m ended O pera ting C ond itions
Sy m b o l Pa ram e te r D M 5 4 L S 0 0 D M 7 4 L S 0 0 U n i tsM in N o m M a x M in N o m M a x
VCC Su p p ly Vo lta g e 4 .5 5 5 .5 4 .7 5 5 5 .2 5 VV IH H ig h L e ve l In pu t Vo lta g e 2 2 V
V IL L o w L e ve l In pu t Vo lta g e 0 .7 0 .8 VIOH H ig h L e ve l O u tp u t Cur re n t -0 .4 0 .4 m A
IO L L o w L e ve l O u tp u t Cur re n t 4 8 m A
TA F r e e A i r O p era t in g T em p era tu re 5 5 1 2 5 0 7 0 °C-
-
How is the Voltage Specified?
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
It takesVoltage and Current
to make a device workE lec trica l C ha rac te ris tics ove r re co m m e n d e d oper a t in g fre e a ir tem pe ra tu r e ra n g e (u n le ss o the r w ise no ted )
Sy m b o l Pa r am e te r Co n d it ion s M inT y p
M a x U n i ts(N o te 1 )
V I In pu t C la m p Vo lta g e VCC M in , II 1 8 m A 1 .5 V
V OH H ig h L e ve lO u tp u t V CC M in , IOH M a x , D M 5 4 2 .5 3 .4 VVo lta g e V IL M a x D M 7 4 2 .7 3 .4
V O L L o w L e ve l O u tp u t VCC M in , IO L M a x , D M 5 4 0 .2 5 0 .4Vo lta g e VIH M in D M 7 4 0 .3 5 0 .5 V
IO L 4 m A , VCC M in D M 7 4 0 .2 5 0 .4
I I In pu t Cur re n t @ M a x V CC M a x , VI 7 V0 .1 m AIn pu t Vo lta g e
I IH H ig h L e ve l In pu t Cur re n t V CC M a x , VI 2 .7 V 2 0 A
I IL L o w L e ve l In pu t Cur re n t V CC M a x , VI 0 .4 V 0 .3 6 m A
I OS Sh o r t C ircu it V CC M a x D M 5 4 2 0 1 0 0 m AO u tp u t Cur re n t (N o te 2 ) D M 7 4 2 0 1 0 0
I CCH Su p p ly Cur re n t w it h VCC M a x0 .8 1 .6 m AO u tp u ts H ig h
I C C L Su p p ly Cur re n t w it h VCC M a x 2 .4 4 .4 m AO u tp u ts L o w
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CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
Inter-Connecting
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
Bipolar TTL OutputDigital Logic
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
Resistor values shown are nominal.
6 k
Input A
Output Y
GND
VCC
3.4 k 1.6 k
100
1 k
Open Collector OutputDigital Logic
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
CMOS Totem PoleDigital Logic
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
Sizing a pull-up Resistor: Max & Min.
1 2
74HC05
U1A
???R1
+5V
1 2
74HC04
U2A
3 4
U2B
5 6
U2C
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
74HC04
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
74HC04
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Not so Useful
Quite Useful
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
Absolute Maximum Ratings
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
VOL
VIL
VIH
VOH
HIGH
LOW
ABNORMAL
High-StateDC Noise Margin
Low-StateDC Noise Margin
For TTL For CMOS
VOL=0.4VVIL=0.8VVIH=2.0VVOH=2.4V
VOL=0.5VVIL=1.5VVIH=3.5VVOH=4.5V
@Vcc=5V
time
Logic Levelsand
Noise Margins
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
What about Slowly Changing Inputs?
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
How do you get Hysterisis ?
1) Schmitt Trigger inputs
2) Comparator with Hysterisis
Vin Vout
5V
LM339
R3
RpullupR1
R2
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
74HC14
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
The DarlingtonPower Outputs
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
DS3658
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
DS3658
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
ULN2003A(1 of 7 per package)
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
ULN2003A Specifications
CMPE 118 MECHATRONICSCMPE 118 MECHATRONICS
Not all 7 at once !
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