Cloud computing for agent based urban transportation system vinayss

City Engineering CollegeDoddakallasandra, Kanakapura Road,

Bangalore-560061

Embedded Extended Visual Cryptography Scheme

Under the guidance Under the guidance of of Mr.GIREESH BABU C. N ,

Lecturer Dept. of CSE

VINAY .S.S[1CE08CS109] RAKSHITH.G [1CE08CS069]SHEIK SUHEB[1CE08CS080] RAMESH .M.V[1CE09CS403]

Project ByProject By::

OUTLINE

• Introduction

• Literature Survey

• Problem Definition

• Hardware and Software Requirements

• Methodology

• Software Testing

• Implementation

• Conclusion and future scope2

Visual cryptography (vc) was introduced by Moni Naor and Adi

Shamir at eurocrypt 1994.

It is used to encrypt written material (printed text, handwritten

notes, pictures , audio, video etc.) in a perfectly secure way.

The decoding is done by the human visual system directly, without

any computation cost.

INTRODUCTION

Example :

3

LITERATURE SURVEY

Visual Cryptography Scheme (VCS)

Extended Visual Cryptography Scheme (EVCS)

Embedded Extended Visual Cryptography Scheme (EEVCS)

4

PROBLEM DEFINITION

• Information send through any network have a chance to attack by Intruders.

• Encryption provides an obvious approach for information security, and

encryption programs are readily available.

• The encryption provides an desirable form to send information without

anyone even noticing that information has been sent secret information.

5

EXISTING SYSTEM

• Existing Visual Cryptographic scheme provides us to have low profile data to get embed into high profile data.

• Further Visual Cryptographic scheme supports with only one type of image format.

• All of the traditional steganography techniques have limited information-hiding capacity.

• Scalability is limited, thus existing system does not provide a friendly environment

6

PROPOSED SYSTEM

• The data are encrypted and later it is embedded into vessel..

• Data and vessel or container can have A varies possible forms, such as digital images, sound clips.

Text

audio

images

video

Text

audio

video

images

7

• Then data is divided into two or more halves and sent through multiple network channels

• Once the data reaches the exact destination all the bits of the actual file which was divided get overlapped on overlap command.

• When the decode command is used, the original data gets retrieved.

• Provides a high-level security.

PROPOSED SYSTEM (CONT.)

8

REQUIREMENT ANALYSISFUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS:

•Functional requirements specify which output file should be produced from the given File • for each functional requirement a detailed description of all data inputs and their source and the range of valid inputs must be specified.

NON FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS:

•Describe user-visible aspects of the system that are not directly related with the functional behavior of the system. •Non-Functional requirements include quantitative constraints, such as response time (i.e. how fast the system reacts to user commands.) or accuracy (i.e. how precise are the systems numerical answers.)

PSEUDO REQUIREMENTS:•The client imposes these requirements.•Typical pseudo requirements are the implementation language and the platform on which the system is to be implemented.

9

Monitor : 14” color

Processor : Pentium Celeron

Processor Speed : 850 MHz

Memory Size : 128MB

Hard Disk Drive : 40GB

LAN : Connected with two Systems

Operating System : ubuntu

Front End : JAVA

Tools : Eclipse10

COVER IMAGE 1

SHARE 1 SHARE 2

VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY

OF COVER IMAGE 1

COVER IMAGE 2

SHARE 3 SHARE 4

VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY

OF COVER IMAGE 2

SHARE 5 SHARE 6

SECRET IMAGE

ARCHITECTURAL DIAGRAM STAGE 1METHODOLOGY

ARCHITECTURAL DIAGRAM-STAGE 2

12

VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY

OF COVER IMAGE 1

SHARE 5

EMBEDDED VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY OF

SECRET IMAGESHARE 1

VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY

OF COVER IMAGE 2

SHARE 6

EMBEDDED VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY OF

SECRET IMAGESHARE 2

SENDER RECEIVER

USE CASE DIAGRAM

EEVCS System

Receiving PART ISend PART I of

Receiving PART II

SEQUENCE DIAGRAM

SENDER SHARE I SHARE

IIRECEIVE

R

output file

Send PART II of

output file

SOFTWARE TESTING Testing is the process of trying to discover every conceivable

fault or weakness in a work product.

It provides a way to check the functionality of components,

sub assemblies, assemblies and/or a finished product.

Types of TestingUnit Testing

It is the testing of individual software units of the application .

It is done after the completion of an individual unit before

integration.

SOFTWARE TESTING(CONT..)

Integration Testing

Integration tests are designed to test integrated software

components to determine if they actually run as one program.

Integration testing is specifically aimed at exposing the problems

that arise from the combination of components.

System Testing

System testing ensures that the entire integrated software system

meets requirements.

It tests a configuration to ensure known and predictable results.

TESTCASE ID TESTCASE EXPECTED RESULT ACTUAL RESULT

1

Enter the valid data in the User Id and User Password and click on login button on login page.

Login page should be display.

Login page opened.

2

Enter the invalid data in the User Id and User Password and click on login button on login page.

Error message should be display.

Error message is display.

3To link to Click on Add button on the home page.

Should be able to link to add page.

link to add page

4 To link to home page click on L icon.

Should be able to link to home page.

Link to home page.

TEST CASES

TESTCASE ID TESTCASE EXPECTED RESULT

ACTUAL RESULT

5 To link to Click on Add button on the home page.

Should be able to link to add page.

link to add page

6 Click on delete button on the home page.

Should be able to message for deleting the data.

“Deleted successfully “Message is display.

7To link to change password page click on Change pwd button.

Should be able to link to Change the password page.

Link to Change the password page.

8To link to home page click on L icon.

Should be able to link to home page.

Link to home page.

IMPLEMENTATION

Modules

1. ADMIN SESSION

1. USER SESSION

3. TESTING AND INTEGRATION

ADMIN SESSION

LOGIN MODULEIn this module, we design user interface design using applet frame work. The user interface should be very easy and understandable to every user.

USER CREATIONThis module is meant for creation of the user. The admin has super privilege to add ass many users to the system and at

the same time to delete the existing user in the system. USER DELETION

The admin has the authority to delete the user from the system, the admin ask the user type before deleting the particular user from the system, the admin can delete another admin or an user from the system.

CHANGE PASSWORDIn this module the password associated with that particular user can be

changed.

DIAGRAM OF ADMIN SESSION

Administrator

Login

Createuser

Deleteuser

Changepassword

USER SESSION IMAGE INPUT

2 Covering image + 1 Secret image. VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY IMPLEMENTATION

This is the core for our project, where we implement the Visual Cryptography.

Converting the color images to binary.Halftoned algorithm is used and it is used for the gray scale image.

EMBEDDING SECRET IMAGE SHARE INTO CREATED VC COVER IMAGE

In this module the previously created visual cryptographic cover images shares is embedded i.e. merged with the secret image to get the VC shares of the secret image.

EMAILING THE EMBEDDED SHARES TO OTHER USER USING JMS

Finally the embedded share is emailed to the recipients so that they merge the two shares to get the secret image.

CONVERTING COLOR IMAGE TO BINARY j

no

start

Input image

W=width(img)H=height(img)

for I=1 to W

for J=1 o H

Value=Get Brightness(P(I,J))

If value>

122

Img(I,J)=255

Img(I,J)=0

Next J

Next I

Output img

Stop

yes

NO

ALGORITHM2: HALFTONIG PROCESS

Input : The c x d dithering matrix D and a pixel with gray-level g in input image I. Output: The halftoned pattern at the position of the pixel

For i=0 to c-1 do For j=0 to d-1 to do If g<=Dij then

print a black pixel at position (i,j); Else

print a white pixel at position (i,j);

SHARE CREATION USING HALFTONE ALGORITHM

Start

Let Img=input image

W=width(Img)H=height(Img)

Create temp(width,height)

for I=0 to H-1

For J=0 to W-1

Output Img

IfImg(I,J)<

d(i,j)

temp(JX2,IX2)=blacktemp(JX2,IX2H)=whitetemp(JX299,IX2)=white

temp(JX299,IX2H)=black

temp(JX2,IX2)=whitetemp(JX2,IX2H)=blacktemp(JX299,IX2)=black

temp(JX299,IX2H)=white

Stop

Next J

Next I

ALGORITHM 3: EMBEDDING PROCESSInput : The covering shares constructed in Section IV, the corresponding VCS with pixel expansion and the secret image .Output: The embedded shares .Step 1: Dividing the covering shares into blocks that contain sub pixels each.Step 2: Choose embedding positions in each block in the covering shares.Step 3: For each black (respectively, white) pixel in,randomly choose a share matrix (respectively).Step 4: Embed the sub pixels of each row of the share matrix into the embedding positions chosen in

Step 2.

EMBEDDING PROCESS

No

yes

Start

Input Img1,Img2

W1=width(Img1) width(Img2)H1=height(Img1)height(Img2)

If w1=w2 and

H1=H2

Output process

fails

Stop

for I=1to w-1

W=W1=W2H=H1=H2

for J=1 to H-1

Out(I,J)=Img1(I,J) or Img2(I,J)

Next J

Next I

Stop

LOGIN HOME PAGE

SNAPSHOTS

ADMIN HOME PAGE

NEW USER CREATION

EMBEDDING IMAGES

SENDING MAIL

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

•In this project, we proposed a construction of EVCS which was realized by embedding the random shares into the meaningful covering shares

•We show two methods to generate the covering shares, and proved the optimality on the black ratio of the threshold covering subsets.

• We also proposed a method to improve the visual quality of the share images.

•According to comparisons with many of the well-known EVCS in the literature the proposed embedded EVCS has many specific advantages against different well-known schemes, such as the fact that it can deal with gray-scale input images, has smaller pixel expansion etc.

REFERENCES[1] A. Shamir, “How to share a secret,” Commun. ACM, vol. 22, no. 11,pp. 612–613,

[2] M. Naor and A. Shamir, “Visual cryptography,” in Proc. EUROCRYPT’94, Berlin,

Germany, 1995, vol. 950, pp. 1–12,Springer-Verlag, LNCS

[3] C. Blundo, A. De Bonis, and A. De Santis, “Improved schemes for visual

cryptography,” Designs, Codes and Cryptography, vol. 24, pp.255–278, 2001.

[4] Z.M.Wang, G. R. Arce, and G. Di Crescenzo, “Halftone visual cryptography via

error diffusion,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Security, vol.4, no. 3, pp. 383–396, Sep.

2009.