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Cloud Computing and

Enterprise ArchitectureEnterprise Architecture

for

Belgian Chapter

Association of Enterprise Architects

Martin van den Berg

Serviceline Manager Architecture

Sogeti Nederland

30 november 2011

Introduction Martin van den Berg

� Background:

� Business economics (Tilburg University)

� Master in Transport and Logistics Management (postdoc TIAS)

� Service Line Manager at Sogeti:

� Responsible for architecture service offerings and architecture

� Lead Architect in clientengagements:

� Support clients in engagements:

2Pagina 2

Master of Informatics

offerings and architecture craftmanship at Sogeti Netherlands

� Co-author of DYA and other books

� Chairman architecture section dutch computer society (Ngi)

� Member program board LAC

� Board of trustees CAEAP

� Current themes:

� Extended enterprise

� Cloud computing

� Demand management

� Business architecture

� Architecture and business themes

� Mobile

Email: Martin.vanden.Berg@sogeti.nlTwitter: bergmartLinkedin: http://nl.linkedin.com/in/mjbkvandenbergBlog: www.blog.sogeti.com

� Support clients in engagements: assessments, coaching, training, management, consultancy

� Recent engagements:

� FrieslandCampina: building EA Function

� ING: EA-assessments

� Rabobank: transition from rule-based to principle-based architecture

� Shell: lead EA for Shell E&P

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http://cloud.sogeti.nl/Boek.aspx

EA and Cloud Computing

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1. Is EA more important in case you want to make use of cloud services?

2. Will Cloud Computing lead to different types of EA artefacts?

3. Will Cloud Computing lead to a different way of doing EA?

Agenda

• Cloud Computing

• My view on Enterprise Architecture

• What is going on?

• What is the relationship between Cloud Computing and EA?

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Computing and EA?

Agenda

• Cloud Computing

• My view on Enterprise Architecture

• What is going on?

• What is the relationship between Cloud Computing and EA?

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Computing and EA?

What is Cloud Computing?

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Cloud implementation models

8

Private Public

TraditionalDC

VirtualizedDC

In-house Private Cloud

Dedicated External Private

Cloud

Multi-tenant External Private

Cloud

ManagedPublic Cloud

Control

Economy of scale

High

Low

Low

High

Cloud servicemodels and characteristics

standardapp

standardapp

businessapp

businessapp

businessapp

standardapp

standardapp

standardapp

businessapp

businessapp

businessapp

standardapp

software

standardapp

businessapp

businessapp

presentationapplicationsdocumentsAPI’s

Salesforce.comMicrosoft Office365

Google AppsIBM LotusLive

Clo

udS

ervi

ces

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infrastructure

middleware

middleware

middleware

infrastructure

platform

infrastructure

platform

datacenter facilitiesserverstoragenetworksecurity

Amazone EC2/S3IBM CloudBurst

VCE vBlockVMware vCloud

Microsoft Hyper-V Cloud

middlewareintegrationAPI’sprovisioningaccess

Force.comMicrosoft Azure

Google AppEngineVMware jCloud

IBM SMART Cloud

Clo

udC

ompu

ting

Clo

udS

ervi

ces

Cloud vs Non-Cloud

Middleware

Runtime

Data

Applications

Middleware

Runtime

Data

Applications

PaaS

Middleware

Runtime

Data

Applications

SaaSIaaS

Middleware

Runtime

Data

Applications

Traditional

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Middleware

Network

Storage

Servers

Virtualisation

O.S.

Middleware

managed by consumer

Network

Storage

Servers

Virtualisation

O.S.

Middleware

Network

Storage

Servers

Virtualisation

O.S.

managed by cloud provider

Middleware

Network

Storage

Servers

Virtualisation

O.S.

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Why Cloud?

Improved Accessibility

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Accessibility

More Agility

Lower IT costs because of Economies of Scale

Innovation. Faster access to

new services

Why Cloud?

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Source: Federal Cloud Computing Strategy, february 2011.

Who do make use of Cloud-services?

You and I,at home.On a largescale, withoutthinking twiceabout it.

Small & MediumEnterprisesOn a fairly large scale.Mostly public cloud likeSalesforce, Google,Facebook, LinkedIn.

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Large EnterprisesOn a limited scale, but growing rapidly.Public & private Cloud.Examples: Ahold uses Google Apps worldwidePhilips uses 20 different cloud services like CRM, Collaboration, Purchasing, Computing

GovernmentOn a limited scale.In the process of defining strategy and conditions for a Government Cloud (community Cloud).

Cloud worries

Is it available?Who canaccess?

How to

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Is it safe?

Is it reliable?

Where are my data?

How toIntegrate?

How to support my SLA?

Is it compliant?

Vendor lock-in?

Cloud Reference Architecture

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Source: NIST Cloud Computing Reference Architecture

Statement

I'm pushing my organization

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organization towards the cloud

Agenda

• Cloud Computing

• My view on Enterprise Architecture

• What is going on?

• What is the relationship between Cloud Computing and EA?

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Computing and EA?

DYA®

StrategicDialogue

NewDevelopments

Developmentwith

Businesssolutions

Developmentwithout

Architecture

Business solutions

Governance

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DYAprocesses

Dialoguewith

Architecture

Architectural

Services

Dynamic ArchitectureBusiness

architectureInformationarchitecture

Technicalarchitecture

Instruments

Strategic

NewDevelopments

DevelopmentBusinesssolutions

Developmentwithout

Architecture

Business solutions

Governance Managementletter

Business case

Project-proposal

Project-start-architecture

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DYAprocesses

StrategicDialogue

DevelopmentsDevelopment

withArchitecture

solutions

Architectural

Services

Dynamic ArchitectureBusiness

architectureInformationarchitecture

Technicalarchitecture

BuildingPermit

Architecture-framework

architecture

Main principles DYA®

• The architecture process is as important as the architecture products

• Architecture is an ongoing process

• Architecture facilitates change

• Just enough, just in time architecture

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• Just enough, just in time architecture

• Deviations from the architecture are allowed, but in a controlled way

Architectures

BusinessArchitecture

InformationArchitecture

TechnicalArchitecture

Enterprise

Depth ofArchitecture

Breadth of Architecture

Enterprise or Strategic ArchitectureCityplan

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Portfolio, Domain

Project, SolutionProject or Solution Architecture

Business Domains IT Domains

Domain or Segment or Portfolio Architecture

Agenda

• Cloud Computing

• My view on Enterprise Architecture

• What is going on?

• What is the relationship between Cloud Computing and EA?

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Computing and EA?

What are the top-3 issues when

implementing Salesforce?

1. CRM-process design

2. Organisational change

3. Contractual issues

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What’s new?

Supplier

Number of options increases

LeveranciersLeveranciers

Leveranciers

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Business IT

LeveranciersLeveranciers

LeveranciersLeveranciers

LeveranciersLeveranciers

Supplier

Example:

Tax Office and the Government Cloud

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GovernmentCloud

PublicClouds

PrivateCloud

What is the business doing?

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Marco Gianotten on Twitter:

Cloud leads to chaos: business-lines just do it and

don't mind integrity or integration

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What does it mean for IT?

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Marco Gianotten on Twitter:

A cute cloud-shaped doormat at Van Lanschot Bankers' IT department. Isn't SaaS the biggest risk to silo IT?

What does it mean for IT?

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Bernard Golden op Cio.com:

IT has to develop a strategy that makes it possible to accept everything from everyone

Statement

The Business should have

complete freedom

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complete freedom in choosing their cloud services

Issues

• Number of sourcing options increases− Cloud is like a candy store

• Cloud has a huge impact on integration and coherence ���� Revival of best-of-breed?− Without architecture it will become a mess

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− In the past point solutions were inside the organisation, now they are outslide. Point solutions inside the organisation can be connected to a bus, outside they cannot (yet)

• IT-manager (CIO) is responsible for integration, but not for the purchases of the business− Businesses purchases solutions (SaaS) indepedent from IT

Agenda

• Cloud Computing

• My view on Enterprise Architecture

• What is going on?

• What is the relationship between Cloud Computing and EA?

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Computing and EA?

Cloud and Architecture?

AgilityWith Architecture

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Adoption of Cloud over time

Without Architecture

Source: Seize the Cloud, Sogeti

Cloud and Architecture?

Costs

WithoutArchitecture

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Adoption of Cloud over time

With Architecture

Source: Seize the Cloud, Sogeti

Supplier

Demand and supply of services

LeveranciersLeveranciers

Leveranciers

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Business IT

LeveranciersLeveranciers

LeveranciersLeveranciers

LeveranciersLeveranciers

Supplier

Funnelinternaldemand

Inte-grate

internalsupply

Manageand

Publishservices

Inte-grate

externalsupply

Funnelexternaldemand

Requirements architecture

• More important to:− Differentiate (business function / capability)

− Make distinction between function and construction

− Standardize

− Put emphasis on interoperability and decoupling

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− Find opportunities and offer solutions

− Have knowledge of business domain

• Less important to:− Work on (conditions for) constructions

What architectures and for what?

Party Aspect Type of architecture

Consumercloud services

Demand for services Required services (per business function) � target

service portfolio

Procurement and integration of services

StandardsPrinciplesPolicies

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Policies

Migration to cloud services

Blueprints for transformationprojects

Provider cloud services

Supply of services Available services � baseline

service portfolio

Procurement and integration of public cloud services

StandardsPrinciplesPolicies

Build the cloud Blueprint technical infrastructure

Example Policies

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Source: http://cloud.sogeti.nl/Presentaties.aspx

Example Principles

Process

1. SaaS selection, approval and implementation process must follow the ‘normal’ procedure including EAB approval.

2. SaaS solutions must always be taken into account in software selection processes.

3. SaaS vendor dependency must be well managed, especially in case of very business specific ‘niche’ applications, provided by only a few niche vendors

Information Application Technology

Governance

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1. Prime SaaS candidates:- Outsourced bus. processes

- Stand-alone & standard business processes

2. No preclusion of SaaSsolution candidates based on business process area

3. Business Process Architect must assess risks & approve in all other cases.- BIA (Business Impact

Assessment) required; (segregation in multi-tenant offerings; Identity management federation)

1. Prime SaaS candidates:- Limited information exchange

with SaaS domain; (to be evaluated from a business process perspective).

2. SaaS candidates dealing with sensitive/ privacy information must be checked against internal and external regulations (Philips Classification, SOX, HIIPA, etc.) :- PIA (Privacy Impact

Assessment) required

3. Information architect must approve.

1. Prime SaaS candidates:- Loosely coupled applications

(decision by the architects)

- No solution planned (8Q RM).

2. SaaS candidates to be tightly integrated with other IT building blocks (both SaaS and non-SaaS) must be checked on:- No short term alternative

- ‘Decoupling hub’ at Philips side taken into account

- BIA Assessment required

3. Application architects must assess risk and approve

1. Prime SaaS candidates:- Commodity IT-Solutions

- Via existing providers.

2. SaaS candidates based on differentiating techno-logy solutions need to be assessed on:- Integration & compatibility

between Philips and SaaSTechnology Infrastructure.

- Integration with Philips security and identity & access management Infrastructure:

SSO & User mgt. federation is key requirement

3. Technology architect must assess risk & approve.

Process Information Application Technology

Source: http://cloud.sogeti.nl/Presentaties.aspx

Conclusion

• EA is a must, also with Cloud Computing

• Cloud Computing does not lead to completely new types of EA artefacts but….

− More distinction between function(demand) and construction (supply)

− More important to start thinking from a business architecture perspective

− Decoupling point can shift

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− Decoupling point can shift

− Be aware that Cloud will lead to different business models

• Way of doing EA will change

− Not by means of rules and guidelines (to limit choices / design freedom) but by means of guiding principles, services and solutions (to provide choices / alternatives)

− EA has to move to the front end of decision making processes

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Local touch - Global reach

Additional Statements

Statement

Cloud Computing is old wine in new

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is old wine in new bottles

Statement

In 3 years time architects have to clean up the mess

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clean up the mess cloud computing has left behind