Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 1/38

BY,

 ANEESH MATHEW,ID:2012PCW5182,M.TECH(WRE). 

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 2/38

INTRODUCTION Climate change impacts are going to be most severe in the

developing world because of their poor capacity to adopt

climate variability.

 NATCOM, the present study has been taken up to quantify

the impact of climate change of the water resources of 

Indian river systems.

The study uses the HadRM2 daily weather data todetermine the spatio-temporal water availability in the

river systems. A distributed hydrological model namely

SWAT has been used.

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 3/38

METHEDOLOGY The climate change impact assessment on water resources

can be best handled through simulation of the

hydrological conditions that shall prevail under the

 projected weather conditions in an area.

The SWAT water balance model is one such model and

has been used in the present study to carry out the

hydrological modeling of the river basins of the country.

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 4/38

SWAT The SWAT model simulates the hydrologic cycle at daily

time basis.

SWAT is a distributed , continuous, hydrological modelwith an Arc View GIS interface(AVSWAT). The interface

is used for pre and post processing of the data and outputs.

It is used to predict the impact on climate change on the

availability of water resources under GHG with theassumption that land use will not change with time.

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 5/38

DATA

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 6/38

WEATHER DATA

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 7/38

DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 8/38

DILINEATION OF THE RIVER 

BASINS It is done by using DEM as input and the final outflow

 point on the drain age of the river basin as the final

 pour/drainage point.

River basins have been divided into sub basins using an

arbitrarily selected threshold value.

It also provides the number of the sub basins the river 

 basins got subdivided into as a result of this threshold. The total area of the river basin as obtained from the

automatic delineation has also been provided.

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 9/38

MODELLED RIVER BASIN ALONG WITH RCM

GRID LOCATIONS

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 10/38

RESULTS OF BASIN ANALYSIS

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 11/38

LAND COVER OR LAND USE LAYER  Classified land cover data (13 categories) produced by the

university of Maryland Global land cover facility, using

remote sensing with resolution of 1km grid cell has been

used.

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 12/38

SOIL LAYER  Soil map adopted from FAO digital map of the world and

derived soil properties with a resolution of 1:5000000

have been used.

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 13/38

CONTROL CLIMATE

SCENARIO Represents the simulated baseline weather conditions.

Simulated using SWAT model by using this generated

daily weather data (HadRM2). Simulated weather report has been used for control period.

The model represents detailed outputs on flows, actual

evapotranspiration, soil moisture status at daily level.

Additional subcomponents of the total water balance suchas surface runoff, inter flow, sub surface runoff etc.

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 14/38

GHG CLIMATE SCENARIO  Using GHG climate scenario data without changing

the land use.

Detailed analysis have been performed on the river 

 basins to quantify the impacts at the sub basin levels.

Shorter time interval in the month has been used.

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 15/38

SUMMARY RESULTS ON CLIMATE IMPACT

CHANGE ON INDIAN RIVER BASINS

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 16/38

ANNUAL WATER BALANCE COMPONENTS

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 17/38

KRISHNA RIVER BASIN

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 18/38

KRISHNA RIVER BASIN  The variation in mean annual water balance components

from control to GHG scenario both in terms of change in

individual values of these components and percentage of 

change over control.

Reduction in precipitation by about 20% of the current

value has been predicted in the sub basins of Krishna.

Decrease in water yield over the sub basins is predicted tovary from 30% to 50%.

Actual evapotranspiration is predicted to reduce by about

5% over most of the basins.

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 19/38

DROUGHT ANALYSIS Used for the assessment of drought severity by indicating

relative dryness or wetness.

PDSI is the widely used index that incorporates

information on rainfall, land use and soil properties in the

lumped manner.

PDSI value below 0 indicates the beginning of drought

situation and value below -3 indicates severe droughtcondition.

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 20/38

DROUGHT ANALYSIS 

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 21/38

DROUGHT ANALYSIS 

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 22/38

MAHANADI RIVER BASIN

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 23/38

MAHANADI RIVER BASIN 

It has been selected as the one which has been

 predicted to have maximum impact on account of theflood conditions.

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 24/38

MAHANADI RIVER BASIN 

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 25/38

MAHANADI RIVER BASIN 

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 26/38

MAHANADI RIVER BASIN 

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 27/38

MAHANADI RIVER BASIN 

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 28/38

MAHANADI RIVER BASIN 

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 29/38

MAHANADI RIVER BASIN 

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 30/38

MAHANADI RIVER BASIN 

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 31/38

MAHANADI RIVER BASIN 

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 32/38

MAHANADI RIVER BASIN

FLOOD ANALYSIS 

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 33/38

MAHANADI RIVER BASIN

FLOOD ANALYSIS 

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 34/38

ADAPTATION ISSUES Strategy for copying with the climate change impacts

on water resources can be no different from the

 present day strategy of copying with the ever 

increasing demands on the precious resource.

The best way forward is to incorporate such

interventions through a unified framework which can

 be conductive to integrated approach.

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 35/38

COPYING ACTIVITIES MAY INCLUDE

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 36/38

GAPS AND FUTURE DIRECTION OF

STUDIES The hotspots have been identified only with respect to

the natural boundaries in the form of sub basins of the

river systems.

Another gap which shall be required to be addressed

in an institutional capacity building at various levels.

The creation of unified framework and its

maintenance shall be a gigantic task which can beachieved only through major policy restructuring of 

the institutions at different levels of management.

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 37/38

CONCLUTION

7/30/2019 Climate Change Impact Assessment on Hydrology of Indian

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/climate-change-impact-assessment-on-hydrology-of-indian 38/38

THANK YOU