Church, State and Lay Piety Florence and Venice in the Renaissance HI320

Church, State and Lay Piety

Florence and Venice in the Renaissance HI320

Canaletto, San Pietro di Castello (C18th)

Titian, Doge Antonio Grimani presents

himself to the Faith (Palazzo Ducale, 1575-

6)

Palma il Giovane, Doge Francesco Venier beseeching the

Virgin Mary (Palazzo Ducale, 1595)

Medici Palace Chapel,

Florence, with frescoes by Benozzo

Gozzoli (1459-61)

“in the Italian Republics of the Renaissance

religion ceased to be, as it had been in the

Middle Ages, the preserve of specialists”

(J.J. Martin)

Continuities and Changes

Church and State

• “The church becomes increasingly more like a state, and the state becomes more and more involved in the religious sphere” (R. Bizzocchi)

• Venetian Popes Gregory XII (r. 1406-15), Eugenius IV (r.1431-47)

• nipoti - nepotism

Pinturicchio, Eugenius IV (Siena, 1502-7)

Florence

• Medici Popes Leo X and Clement VII

• War of the Eight Saints (1375-8)

• Interdicts 1376, 1478, 1511

Raphael, Leo X with Giulio de’ Medici (1518-19)

Archbishop of Florence

Antonino Pierozzi (Saint Antoninus),

1389-1459

Lorenzo Lotto, St. Antoninus, 1542

Venice• 1451 Patriarch of Grado

moved to Venice

• Tre savi contra l’eresia

• 1509 Interdict from Julius II

• Giovani resist papal influence

• 1606-7 InterdictGentile Bellini, Patriarch Lorenzo

Giustiniani (1459)

The Parish

Confraternities

• laudesi

• sacre rappresentazioni

SaSanta nta MaMaria ria NoNovelvellala

Santa Maria

Novella (Dominican

)

Santa Croce (Franciscan)

Santa Maria dei Frari (Franciscan)

San Giovanni e Paolo (Dominican)

Preachers

• Saint Bernardino of Siena (1380-44), Saint Antoninus (1389-1459), Savonarola (1452-98)

• Bernardino Ochino (1487-1564)

Religion in everyday life

• ‘The Merchant of Prato’ Francesco Datini: ‘in the name of God and profit’

•“Vengeance must fall on thee, thou filthy whore / Of Babylon, thou breaker of Christ’s fold” (Petrarch, Sonnets)