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CHURCH HISTORY IICHURCH HISTORY IILesson 19Lesson 19
Across the Water
Apostolic Church
Apostolic Fathers
Church Councils
Church History
Ca. 30AD 590 AD 1517 AD
Golden Age of Church Fathers
Reformation & Counter Reformation
Rationalism, Revivalism, & Denominationalism
Revivalism, Missions, & Modernism
?
Ancient Church History Medieval Church History Modern Church History
The Pre-Reformers
The First Medieval Pope
The Rise of the Holy Roman Empire
The Crusades
The Papacy in Decline
1517 1648 1790 2007
MODERN ERA
Reformation and Religious Wars
Polemical Orthodoxy; rise of different schools of theological thought
Modern Missionary Era;
Includes infidelity & various forms of modernism
FOCUS ON AMERICA
Importance and interest to usImpact on the world
CHALLENGES
Multiplication of distinct and separate churches
Multiplication of locations
Multiplication of information
Across the water….Across the water….The Colonization of North America
Spanish & Portuguese Central & South AmericaFrench Canada, Louisiana,
Mississippi River Valley
“for God and gold”
Why is the study of the 13 colonies most important?
Sidney Ahlstrom A Religious History of the American People
•Sheer numbers “by 1710 Pennsylvania had more Europeans than all of New France
•The population of NE alone was greater than all white Spaniards
Huguenots
1562 Jean Ribaut
1564 Rene de Laudonniere
1555 Gaspar de Coligny - Brazil South America
North America
1685 revocation of edict of Nantes
Who came to America, and why?
I. Church of England (Anglican)
1607 Jamestown
1693 College of William & Mary
II. Pilgrims
1607 “Scroobyites” Holland
1620 Left England on Mayflower
Mayflower Compact
“church covenant applied to a political situation”
“Aimed for Virginia, hoped for Newfoundland, arrived in Mass”
After 7 years 267 came
58 died
53 moved
156 remained, plus servants
“But though these things did trouble them they did not dismay them, for since their desires were set on the ways of God and the enjoyment of his ordinances, they therefore rested on His providences and knew whom they had believed”
John Brown Pilgrim Fathers
III. Puritans
“It was an effort to rid the Christianity of England from all things contrary to biblical revelation, to remove all things whether in doctrine, discipline, ceremony or polity which had been added by Rome” Dr. Panosian
Ecclesiastical
Political
Doctrinal
Who were the Puritans?
Where did they come from?
“It was a vigorous effort to bring God’s discipline to this world, its people, and, preeminently, to God’s Church” Ahlstrom, p. 128
How did the Puritans leave England?
1628 New England Co.
1629 Massachusetts Bay Company
1630 April 8th Four ships sailed; Gov. John Winthrop
1. They had a firm covenant with one another;
2. They had a commission from God to go;
3. That the entire body must dwell together in Scriptural fashion; and,
4. That they would be examples to the present world and to future generations
‘a citty on a hill’
What did the Puritans seek to establish in New England?
A colony in which they could order their affairs so as to please God in everything they did
CHURCH
•They never renounced the Church of England
We will not say as the Separatists were wont to say at their leaving England, “Farewell Babylon! Farewell Rome!” But we will say, “Farewell, dear England; farewell, the Church of God in England; and all the Christian friends there!” We do not go to New England as Separatists from the Church of England, though we cannot but separate from the corruption in it.
Francis Higginson
•They formed Churches by voluntarily covenanting together then calling or ordaining a pastor, or both
•They employed a congregational form of church government
CIVIL
•Civil government was God ordained
•Only church members should vote
•No democracy but oligarchy “the rule of the many by the few”
The church and state were separate, but dependent on each other
The Puritans wanted nothing of “religious toleration”
Applications or conclusions
•We must distinguish between our belief that they erred in their position regarding the relationship between the church and state while recognizing that they were following their own sincere convictions
•We must recognize that they attempted to maintain the unity of Christ’s universal church and not to be divisive
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