View
33
Download
2
Category
Tags:
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
Cherry breeding – for better quality & new markets. W. David Lane, Ph.D. Senior Research Scientist Plant Biotechnology Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre Summerland, BC Canada VOH 1ZO. Agronomic Commodity Yield Disease resistance Efficiency Type Quality. Horticultural Consumer product - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Cherry breeding – for better quality & new markets
W. David Lane, Ph.D.Senior Research Scientist Plant BiotechnologyPacific Agri-Food Research CentreSummerland, BC Canada VOH 1ZO
Agronomic v’s horticultural
• Agronomic• Commodity• Yield• Disease resistance• Efficiency• Type• Quality
• Horticultural• Consumer product• Brand• Distinct / recognizable• High quality• Special / expensive
Horticultural examples
Breeder: scientist + industry
• Develop funding proposal + industry• Develop breeding goals + industry• Plant breeding biology• Small commercial testing + industry• Variety development + industry• Coordination of test results• Interaction with marketers
Evaluation and characterization
• Breeding plots• 1 or a few trees each• many selections / cvs• Visitor’s feedback• Older trees• Poor tree culture• 1 location
• Grower’s testing• Many trees• Good training• Packing / selling• Many locations• Discussion > ranking
Cherry breeding - perspective
• Positive• Little history > fast prog.• Steep improvement curve• No seed multiplication• More progress possible
– Growth habit– Firmness– Cracking– Size– Maturity time
• Negative• Difficult to hybridize• Narrow genetic base• Importing parent var.• Long testing period• # tons to market
Cherry breeding - perspective
• Advances so far - biology
• Self-fertility > yield• Crack resistance > yield• Large size > quality• Firmness / post harvest > quality• Late maturity > yield + quality• Growth habit• Fruit color
Cherry breeding - progress
Cherry breeding - perspective
• Result for growers• Luxury item > high price• Brand recognition• Market separation• Enables air freight• Consistent crop + quality• Earlier production• Higher density• Uses modern infrastructure and technology
Cherry breeding - operations
• Continuity• Summerland / government – 50 years• Demand for cultivars not linear• Response to new opportunities slow
• Therefore• Inventory of new selections cultivars +• Complementary work on management; diversification
with work on other related crops ??
Cherry breeding - operations
• Establishing the program
• Variety collection / testing• Germplasm collection / testing
– Virus diseases• Generating hybrids
– open pollinated seed or ‘crosses’ from orchards
– seed or crosses from collaborators
Cherry breeding - operations
• Time course of breeding• Clear & achievable objectives•• Hybridization 1st year• Greenhouse + nursery 3rd year• 1st fruiting 7th year• 1st fruit in grower test 10th year• Propagation small scale 11th year• Propagation large scale 13th year
Cherry breeding - objectives
• Maturity time– Early: embryo rescue; smaller size and yield– Later: more days of growth = yield + large size + sugar
• Self-fertility– Consistent crop; higher yield / hectare– Some risk of over set > thinning
• Crack resistance– Timing of rains
• Fruit size– 10 grams
• Firmness– Post harvest quality– Bruising– ‘cling stone’
Cherry breeding - objectives
• Taste– Sweet; not acid; balance; 19 Brix
• Tree growth habit– Spreading; upright
• Skin color– Pink > black
• Stem– Stemless; thickness; length
• Fruit Shape– Round; pointed
Recommended