Characteristics of Organisms Part 1 Biotic Versus Abiotic Factors

Characteristics of Characteristics of OrganismsOrganisms

Part 1Part 1

Biotic Versus Abiotic FactorsBiotic Versus Abiotic Factors

Click to watch section launcher: Living/Non-living

• Environment: An organism’s surroundings, Environment: An organism’s surroundings, which include all living and non-living which include all living and non-living things.things.

• Biotic: living things; organisms.Biotic: living things; organisms.

• Abiotic: non-living things.Abiotic: non-living things.

• Biotic factors- all the living organisms in an Biotic factors- all the living organisms in an environment.environment.

• Abiotic factors- all the non-living Abiotic factors- all the non-living components of an organisms environments, components of an organisms environments, such as water, air, temp, etc.such as water, air, temp, etc.

Levels of OrganizationLevels of Organization

• ProducersProducers– Organisms that are able to create energy Organisms that are able to create energy

• ConsumersConsumers– Organisms that obtain energy by eating other Organisms that obtain energy by eating other

organismsorganisms

• DecomposersDecomposers– Organisms that obtain energy from decaying Organisms that obtain energy from decaying

organismsorganisms

Characteristics of Characteristics of OrganismsOrganisms

Part 2Part 2

Characteristics of OrganismsCharacteristics of Organisms

• Organism- any living thing that meets the six Organism- any living thing that meets the six biotic criteria.biotic criteria.

Biotic Criteria: All living thingsBiotic Criteria: All living things

1) Are made of cells1) Are made of cells

2) Obtain and use energy2) Obtain and use energy

3) Maintain homeostasis3) Maintain homeostasis

4) Reproduce4) Reproduce

5) Grow and develop5) Grow and develop

6) Adapt to their environment6) Adapt to their environment

Characteristics of Characteristics of OrganismsOrganisms

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Characteristic 1: Characteristic 1:

Organisms are made of cellsOrganisms are made of cells

• Unicellular- organisms made of one single Unicellular- organisms made of one single cell.cell.

• Multicellular- organisms made of many Multicellular- organisms made of many cells.cells.

• Prokaryotes- unicellular organisms, such Prokaryotes- unicellular organisms, such as bacteria, that lack membrane bound as bacteria, that lack membrane bound organelles.organelles.

• Eukaryotes- multicellular, and some Eukaryotes- multicellular, and some unicellular organisms with membrane unicellular organisms with membrane bound organelles, such as yeast, plants, bound organelles, such as yeast, plants, and animals.and animals.

Organisms are made of cells Organisms are made of cells working together working together

Organism

Organ Systems

Organs

Tissues

Cells

The Main Parts of a CellThe Main Parts of a Cell

• Nucleus- the brain of Nucleus- the brain of the cellthe cell

• Mitochondrion- the Mitochondrion- the powerhouse of the powerhouse of the cell.cell.

• Plasma Membrane- Plasma Membrane- controls what enters controls what enters and exits the cell.and exits the cell.

The Main Parts of a CellThe Main Parts of a Cell

• Ribosomes- produce Ribosomes- produce proteins.proteins.

• Nucleolus- found Nucleolus- found inside the nucleus, it inside the nucleus, it produces ribosomes. produces ribosomes.

Characteristics of Characteristics of OrganismsOrganisms

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Characteristic 2: Characteristic 2:

Organisms must obtain and use energyOrganisms must obtain and use energy

• Photosynthesis- the process in which plant Photosynthesis- the process in which plant cells convert light energy into chemical cells convert light energy into chemical energy.energy.

• Cellular Respiration- the release of Cellular Respiration- the release of chemical energy for cellular use.chemical energy for cellular use.

• Food Chain- the transfer of energy through Food Chain- the transfer of energy through an ecosystem.an ecosystem.

• Food Web- interconnected food chains in Food Web- interconnected food chains in an ecosystem.an ecosystem.

Energy CycleEnergy Cycle

Decomposers

Producers

Consumers

Characteristics of Characteristics of OrganismsOrganisms

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Characteristic 3: Characteristic 3:

Organisms must maintain homeostasisOrganisms must maintain homeostasis

• Homeostasis- the ability for organisms to Homeostasis- the ability for organisms to maintain an internal balance needed for maintain an internal balance needed for survival.survival.

• Metabolism- the conversion of potential Metabolism- the conversion of potential energy to chemical/usable energy.energy to chemical/usable energy.– Based on the organism’s need, homeostasis Based on the organism’s need, homeostasis

regulates how much energy is used or stored.regulates how much energy is used or stored.

Characteristics of Characteristics of OrganismsOrganisms

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Characteristic 4: Characteristic 4:

Organisms reproduceOrganisms reproduce

Genesis 1:11Genesis 1:11

““And God said, Let the earth bring forth And God said, Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the grass, the herb yielding seed, and the

fruit tree yielding fruit after his kind, fruit tree yielding fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself, upon the earth, whose seed is in itself, upon the earth,

and it was so.”and it was so.”

• Reproduction- the ability of an organism to Reproduction- the ability of an organism to multiply and create offspring.multiply and create offspring.

• Asexual Reproduction- the ability of an organism Asexual Reproduction- the ability of an organism to multiply and create offspring with its own to multiply and create offspring with its own DNA.DNA.

• Sexual Reproduction- the ability of an organism Sexual Reproduction- the ability of an organism to create offspring with a member of its own to create offspring with a member of its own species (and combined DNA).species (and combined DNA).

Characteristics of Characteristics of OrganismsOrganisms

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Characteristic 5: Characteristic 5:

Organisms grow and developOrganisms grow and develop

• Growth- the increase in body mass or Growth- the increase in body mass or formation of new body structures.formation of new body structures.

• Development- all the changes that takes Development- all the changes that takes place during an organism’s life cycle.place during an organism’s life cycle.

• Metamorphosis- series of changes in body Metamorphosis- series of changes in body structure from egg to adult.structure from egg to adult.– Complete metamorphosis-Complete metamorphosis-

• Adult organism looks little like its youth counterpart.Adult organism looks little like its youth counterpart.

– Incomplete metamorphosis-Incomplete metamorphosis-• Adult organism looks similar, but larger, than youth Adult organism looks similar, but larger, than youth

counterpart.counterpart.

Characteristics of Characteristics of OrganismsOrganisms

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Characteristic 6: Characteristic 6:

Organisms AdaptOrganisms Adapt

• Adaptation- physical and behavioral Adaptation- physical and behavioral characteristics that allow organisms to characteristics that allow organisms to survive in their environment.survive in their environment.

• Organisms must be adapted for:Organisms must be adapted for:– Finding food and waterFinding food and water– Surviving climate changesSurviving climate changes– Protection from predators Protection from predators – ReproductionReproduction