Chapter 9 เทคโนโลยีหน่วยความจำ Memory Technology

Computer System Design

By Wannarat Suntiamorntatwannarat@coe.psu.ac.th

240-334

August 20, 2003

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9Chapterเทคโนโลยหีน่วยความจำา

Memory Technology

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เน้ือหา

โครงสรา้งของหน่วยความจำาหน่วยความจำาแคชในไมโครโพรเซสเซอร์การออกแบบหน่วยความจำาแคชแบบต่างๆ- Direct mappe- Fully associative- Set associative

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Technology TrendCapacity Speed

Logic : 2x in 3 years 2x in 3 years

DRAM :4x in 3 years 2x in 10 years

Disk : 4x in 3 years 2x in 10 years

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Processor-DRAM memory Gap

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Expanded of Memory System

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Hierarchy of Modern computer

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How hierarchy manage?

Registers <--> Memory by compiler

Cache <--> Memory by Hardware

Memory <--> Disks by Hardware/OS, programmer (files)

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Logic Diagram of a Typical SRAM

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Typical of SRAM Timing

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Classical DRAM Organization

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Logic Diagram of a Typical DRAM

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Art of Memory Design

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1 KB Direct Mapped Cache with 32 B Blocks

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Example : Fully Associative

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A Two-way Set Associative Cache

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Disadvantage of Set Associative Cache

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How do you Design Cache?

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1 KB Direct mapped Cache, 32B blocks

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Improvement of Cache

Reduce Miss rate Reduce Miss penalty Reduce time to hit in cache

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Where can a block be placed

in the upper level?

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Example

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