Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors 1 ©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Nise/Control Systems...

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©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors1

Chapter 7

Steady-State Errors

©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors2

Table 7.1Test waveforms for evaluating steady-state errors of position control systems

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors3

Figure 7.1Test inputs for steady-state error analysis and design vary with target type

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors4

Figure 7.2Steady-state error:a. step input;b. ramp input

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors5

Figure 7.3Closed-loop controlsystem error:a. general representation;b. representation forunity feedback systems

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors6

Figure 7.4System with:a. finite steady-stateerror for a step input;b. zero steady-stateerror for step input

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors7

Figure 7.5Feedbackcontrol system forExample 7.2

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors8

Figure 7.6Feedbackcontrol system forExample 7.3

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors9

Figure 7.7Feedbackcontrol systems forExample 7.4

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors10

Figure 7.8Feedback controlsystem for definingsystem type

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors11

Table 7.2Relationships between input, system type, static error constants, and steady-state errors

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors12

Figure 7.9A robot used inthe manufacturingof semiconductorrandom-accessmemories (RAMs)similar to those inpersonal computers.Steady-state error is an important design consideration for assembly-line robots.

© Westlight/ Charles O’Rear.

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors13

Figure 7.10Feedbackcontrol systemfor Example 7.6

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors14

Figure 7.11Feedback controlsystem showingdisturbance

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors15

Figure 7.12Figure 7.11 systemrearranged to showdisturbance as input and error as output,with R(s) = 0

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors16

Figure 7.13Feedback control system for Example 7.7

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors17

Figure 7.14System forSkill-AssessmentExercise 7.4

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors18

Figure 7.15Forming an equivalentunity feedbacksystem from ageneral nonunity feedback system

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors19

Figure 7.16Nonunity feedbackcontrol system forExample 7.8

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors20

Figure 7.17Nonunity feedbackcontrol system withdisturbance

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors21

Figure 7.18Nonunity feedbacksystem forSkill-AssessmentExercise 7.5

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors22

Figure 7.19Feedback controlsystem for Examples7.10 and 7.11

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors23

Figure 7.20Feedbackcontrol systemfor Example 7.12

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors24

Figure 7.21System forSkill-AssessmentExercise 7.6

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors25

Figure 7.22Video laser discrecording:control system forfocusing write beam

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors26

Figure 7.23Video disc laserrecording:a. focus detectoroptics;b. linearized transfer function for focus detector

© 1985, Prentice Hall, Inc.

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Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors27

Figure 7.24Video laser discrecording focusingsystem

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors28

Figure P7.1

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors29

Figure P7.2

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Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors30

Figure P7.3

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Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors31

Figure P7.4

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors32

Table P7.1

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors33

Figure P7.5

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors34

Figure P7.6

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Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors35

Figure P7.7

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors36

Figure P7.8

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors37

Figure P7.9

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors38

Figure P7.10

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors39

Figure P7.11

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors40

Figure P7.12

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors41

Figure P7.13Closed-loop systems withnonunityfeedback

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors42

Figure P7.14

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors43

Figure P7.15

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors44

Figure P7.16

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors45

Figure P7.17

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors46

Figure P7.18System with input anddisturbance

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors47

Figure P7.19

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors48

Figure P7.20System with input anddisturbance

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Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors49

Figure P7.21Automobile guidance systema. displacementcontrol system;b. velocity control loop

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors50

Figure P7.22Block diagram of aparamagnetic oxygenanalyzer

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors51

Figure P7.23Space station Freedom:a. configuration(figure continues)

© 1992 AIAA.

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors52

Figure P7.23(continued)b. simplified blockdiagramc. alpha joint drivetrain and controlsystem

© 1992 AIAA.

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors53

Figure P7.24Position controlsystem

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors54

Figure P7.25Boat trackedby ship’s radar:a. physicalarrangement;b. block diagram of tracking system

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors55

Figure P7.26Simplified blockdiagram of a pilot ina loop

© 1992 AIAA.

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Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors56

Figure P7.27a. Force controlmechanical loopunder contact motion(©1996 IEEE);b. block diagram(©1996 IEEE)

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Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors57

Table 7.1Test waveforms for evaluating steady-state errors of position control systems

©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors58

Table 7.2Relationships between input, system type, static error constants, and steady-state errors

©2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Nise/Control Systems Engineering, 3/e

Chapter 7: Steady-State Errors59

Table P7.1

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