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Chapter 5/Section 4
The Spread Of
Greek Culture
I. Greek Culture Spreads (pgs. 182 – 183)• Hellenistic cities became centers of learning and culture.
• Architecture boomed with new cities being founded and old ones being rebuilt.
• Greek sculptors filled cities with thousands of statues.
Literature and Theater• The Hellenistic Age produced a large body of literature, although
very little has survived.
• One that did survive was a epic poem called Argonautica by Appolonius (a*phu*loh*nee*uhs).
• Another poet, Theocritus (thee*ah*kruh*tuhs), wrote short stories about beauty and nature (pastoral poetry).
• One of the best known playwrights was Menander (muh*nan*duhr)
II. Philosophy (pg. 184)• The two most important philosophers during the Hellenistic Era
were Epicurus and Zeno.
EpicurusFounded EpicureanismTaught that happiness was the goal of life and should avoid politics and public service.
ZenoFounded StoicismTaught that happiness comes from following reason rather than emotions, and had a duty to serve their city.
Established the science of physics – figured out the value of pi (used to measure the area of circles)“Solid Geometry “ – study of spheres and cylindersExplained the lever and compound pulley
Archimedes
Established that Earth revolves around the sun
Figured out that Earth is roundMeasured Earth’s circumference within 185 miles of actual distance
Created a system to explain how planets and stars move
Greek Scientists/Mathematicians and Their Contributions
Known as the “Father of Medicine”First to write a medical code of good behavior
Expanded knowledge of mathematics and astronomy
First to establish the principles of geometryPythagorean Theorem – used to determine the length of the sides of a triangle
Greek mathematician who wrote about “plane geometry” that shows how points, lines, angles, and surfaces relate to one anotherWrote book, Elements
Aristarchus
Eratosthenes
Euclid
Hipparchus
Hippocrates
Hypatia
Pythagoras
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