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Chapter 5: Ancient GreeceLesson 9: Late Classical & Hellenistic
Warm-up 10-17-14 Ch.5 L10 Greece
Respond to the following:1. What is the narrative of this work?2. What are the stylistic
characteristics? Why are they significant?
Obj: SWBAT describe the context and significance of the Battle of Issus
Announcements:1st quarter Grades Due
Next Friday Oct 24th Late work due by
Monday Oct 20th at 5pm
Monday: Quiz on Greece & ALL cue cards due
Agenda: Warm-up Announcements and
Reminders Review Acropolis
structures Crash course video Notes Think-pair-share
Office HoursTuesday 3:00-4:00Thursday 3:00-4:00
Philoxenes of Eretria, Battle of IssusNarrative:
• Battle between Alexander the Great and Persian king Darius III• Alexander impales an enemy but gazes at Darius
• Alexander battles without a helmet• Darius flees in humiliating defeat, his charioteer whipping horses and speeding away• Darius reaches toward Alexander in a pathetic gesture
Philoxenes of Eretria, Battle of IssusSignificance:
• New notion of what painting should be—beginnings of the Renaissance style
• Psychological intensity and drama of the moment captured
• Use of light and shadow (shading) and clear presentation of figures against the background
Works you must research on your own
Details of the Panathenaic Festival procession frieze
Grave stele of Hegeso
NIOBID PAINTER, Artemis and Apollo slaying the children of Niobe
Krater
3-Quarter Profile
Late Classical
Hermes and the infant Dionysos
How has Greek painting changed over the course of the archaic/classical eras? What are the reasons for these changes?
• (What are the stylistic differences and between these works? What cultural changes happened to cause these differences? )
Early vs. Late Greek painting
Philoxenes of Eretria
Battle of Issus (detail) ca. 310 BCE
Geometric krater, from the Dipylon cemetery, ca. 740 BCE
Hellenistic Art
HellenisticEarly Classical
Hellenistic Era Context• Death of Alexander the Great in
323 BCE• Era ends with death/suicide of
Queen Cleopatra and her consort Mark Antony
3 Major Kingdoms emerge:1. Alexandria in Egypt2. Antioch in Syria3. Pergamon in Asia Minor
• Hellenistic Kings are immensely rich• Indulging in libraries, art
collections, scientific pursuits, being critics and connoisseurs
Hellenistic Era Context3 Major Kingdoms emerge:1. Alexandria in Egypt2. Antioch in Syria3. Pergamon in Asia Minor
• Hellenistic Kings are immensely rich• Indulging in libraries, art
collections, scientific pursuits, being critics and connoisseurs
Artistically:• Art becomes dramatic• Rejection of Polyklietos concepts
of statues—no longer ideally proportioned or self-contained
Altar of Zeus, Pergamon
Altar of Zeus, Pergamon, Turkey
Context: City of Pergamon is given to Rome, which is the greatest power
in the worldThe Attalids -Kingdom of Attalos, after Alexander’s empireFunction: Temple/worship
Altar of Zeus, Pergamon, Turkey
Stylistic Characteristics: • Elevated platform with sculpted frieze 400 ft long• Ionic ColonnadeNarrative/Figures• Gigantomachy --Zeus and the gods battle the giants• Epic conflict for control of the worldSignificance• Narrative of the gigantomachy represents the Attalid victory over the
Gauls of Asia Minor
Athena battling Alkyoneos, Altar of Zeus gigantomachy
Athena battling Alkyoneos, Gigantomachy frieze, Altar of Zeus, Pergamon, Turkey
Narrative/Figures• Athena (similar to Parthenon pediment Athena), Gaia (Earth Goddess)
remerges from the ground—looks on in horror• Athena grabs hair of the Alkyoneos• Nike flies over to crown AthenaStylistic Characteristics• Battle is violent and emotionally intense with sweeping draperie• Deep carving = dark shadows more dramatic• Described as “Baroque” from 17th century European sculpture
• Work is ahead of its time
Nike alighting on a warship (Nike of Samothrace)
Location: Sanctuary of Great Gods on island of
Samothrace, atop a fountainNarrative/FiguresWinged goddess of VictoryWould raise her missing arm to crown a
naval (on a ship at sea) victor
Nike alighting on a warship (Nike of Samothrace)Stylistic Characteristics• The wind appears sweeps the drapery• Dress has thick folds and bunches, is
pulled tight across the abdomen• Placement on fountain adds to theatrical
quality of rushing waves• Reflection in water, sound of splashing
water• Statue interacts with its environment • Statue is like a living, breathing, emotive
humanSignificance:Rejection of Polyklietos concepts of statues
—no longer ideally proportioned or self-contained
Seated boxer
Exit SlipWhat cultural beliefs do these pieces represent about the classical Greek era? Use 3
examples of VISUAL evidence from these works to justify your answers.The Parthenon/Doryphorous was constructed with.. The function of the Parthenon/Doryphorous was..
Visual Evidence Cultural meaning
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
3.
Exit Slip—No Notes Allowed
• List the 3 unusual characteristics about the Temple of Hera I Paestum, Italy
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