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Chapter 17: The Last West & The New South, 1865-1900
The Frontier Indian WarsFarming Frontier
A. American Issues
People
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500 500 500 500 500Final Jeopardy
The region between the Missouri River and the Rocky Mountains;
many people believed it to be uninhabitable because it was so dry
What is the Great American Desert
Rich deposits of silver were discovered in Nevada in 1859
What is Comstock Lode
American historian who claimed that the population would continue to expand as long as there was land
available to move into
Who is Frederick Jackson Turner
The broad expanse of flat land, west of the Mississippi and east of the Rocky
Mountains
What is the Great Plains
This territory was once set aside for Native Americans but was thrown
open for American settlement in 1889
What is the Oklahoma Territory
General Custer and his men were wiped out by a coalition of Sioux and Cheyenne Indians led by Sitting Bull
and Crazy Horse here
What is Little Big Horn
He led the Nez Perce North during hostilities between the tribe and the
United States Army in 1877
Who is Chief Joseph
The Sioux, convinced they had been made invincible by magic, were
massacred by US troops here
What is Wounded Knee
This act tried to dissolve Indian tribes by redistributing the land;
designed to forestall growing Indian poverty, it resulted in many Indians
losing their land to speculators
What is the Dawes Severalty Act (1887)
Reversal of the Dawes Severalty Act, it secured certain rights to
Native Americans and returned the power of self-government on a tribal
basis
What is the Indian Reorganization Act (1934)
This invention helped to fence in cattle in the vast open spaces of the Great
Plains, where lumber was scarce
What is barbed wire
A system in which farmers borrowed money against their crops, using their
harvests as a payment on the debt
What is the Crop Lien System
A movement that began with farmers who were angered by prices and other alienating conditions; they would ally
to create a national alliance that fought for farmers’ rights
What is the National Grange Movement
It is the large-scale production of goods and crops to be sold to the
public
What is commercial farming
This act required railroads to be “reasonable and just;” a five-member
board was created to monitor the business operation of carriers
transporting goods between the states
What is the Interstate Commerce Act (1886)
These created a caste system in the south, included laws that would prevent blacks from voting and
create segregated facilities
What are Jim Crow Laws
This clause allowed blacks to vote on the basis that their grandfather had had the right to vote as well; a method of preventing African Americans from
voting
What is the Grandfather Clause
Organized by Booker T Washington, established 320 chapters across the United States to support businesses
owned and operated by African Americans
What is the National Negro Business League
Cases in which the Supreme Court ruled that Congress could not pass
legislation against the racial discrimination practiced by private
citizens (included railroads, hotels, and other public businesses)
What are the Civil Rights Cases of 1883
1896 landmark case; the Court held up a Louisiana law requiring
“separate but equal accommodations” and that it did not violate the 14th
amendment
What is Plessy v. Ferguson
Former slave who graduated from Hampton Institute, established an
industrial and agricultural school in Tuskegee, Alabama, which became the
largest and best-known industrial school in the nation
Who is Booker T Washington
He formed the International Migration Society in 1894 with the goal to help black Americans emigrate to Africa
Who is Henry Turner
A black chemist and director of agriculture at Tuskegee Institute;
invented many new uses for peanuts, sweet potatoes, and soy beans
Who is George Washington Carver
She was the editor of a black newspaper, campaigned against
lynching and Jim Crow laws; death threats and destruction of her printing
press forced her to carry on her work in the north
Who is Ida B Wells
She was a muckraker whose book, A Century of Dishonor, exposed the unjust manner in which the United States government had treated the Indians, and protested the Dawes
Severalty Act
Who is Helen Hunt Jackson
Frontier Restrictions
This act, passed in 1834, banned any white citizen from passing into Indian
country without a license
What is the Indian Intercourse Act
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