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Chapter 12
Choosing interaction devices: hardware components
Introduction
Every user interface consists of a mixture of design componentsHardware components: also known as I/O
devices, or interaction devicesSoftware components: generated by the
underlying computer program
Choosing Interaction Devices
Interaction devices are tools used to complete a job
To choose between devices, you need to ask the right questionsQuestions are driven by constraints of the
technology and by the uses to which the technology will be put
Input Devices
Keyboards, keypads & buttons Pointing devices
Input Devices
Keyboards, keypads & buttonsDiscrete input devices: can be used to enter
individual items of informationQuestions:
What size do the keys need to be? What shape should the keyboard be? How robust does the keyboard need to be? Which keys/buttons are needed and how should
they be labeled?
Input Devices
Pointing DevicesContinuous input devices: good at tasks that
cannot be split easily into a number of discrete steps
2 types: Indirect: require the user to move a screen cursor
using a secondary device Direct: allow user to point directly at the relevant
position on the screen
Input Devices
Pointing DevicesQuestions:
How easy to learn does the device need to be? How accurate does the device need to be? How much time will the user spend on the system? How much space is there? How robust does the device need to be? How manually dexterous is the user?
Input Devices
Alternative ApproachesGesture Iris & fingerprint recognitionEyetrackingHandwriting recognitionSpeech recognition
Output Devices
Screens Loudspeakers Simple output devices
Output Devices
ScreensMost commonCan represent a wide variety of visual
elementsCRTs & LCDs
Output Devices
ScreensQuestions
How detailed does the image need to be? How many colors are needed? How large does the screen need to be? Does the screen need to be portable? How much space is there?
Output Devices
LoudspeakersQuestions
How are the speakers going to be used?
Output Devices
Simple output devicesLights, dials, gauges and buzzersQuestions
Will the data being output be better represented in analog or digital form?
Output Devices
Alternative approachesHead-up displaysHead-mounted displays (virtual reality
systems)Stereoscopic displays
Questions?
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