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Chain food information systems
management
Electronic Traceability and Market Access for Agricultural Trade Facilitation
Presented by:
Gwynne Foster
g.foster@mweb.co.za
Based on materials from:
Dr Heiner Lehr
heiner@syntesa.eu
The agenda – Day 3
• Recap of Day 2– Food information systems and their design
– Examples of traceability systems
– Practical exercise 1 – defining supply chains
• Standards
• Trace05 presentation
– Supporting smallholder farmers
– Looking ahead – Practical exercise 2
– Wrap-up
2
Complex relationships warrant a standardized trading ecosphere
Originating country
Public authority (G)
Private business (B)
Citizens, Customers or Consumers (C)
Receiving country
Public authority (G)
Private business (B)
Citizens, Customers orConsumers (C)
G2G
B2B
3
Data
The agenda – Day 3
• Recap of Day 2
• Standards
– Codex Alimentarius; HACCP; ISO; GLOBALG.A.P.; GS1;
data carriers; TraceFood
– Additional standards (not discussed)
• Trace05 presentation
– Supporting smallholder farmers
– Looking ahead – Practical exercise 2
– Wrap-up
4
Examples of procedural standards for food safety
Codex Alimentarius
• Codex Alimentarius was established by FAO and WHO in 1963,
with the purpose of protecting the health of consumers and
ensuring fair practices in the food trade
• Codex Alimentarius develops reference standards for
international food trade
• Currently the Codex Alimentarius Commission has:
– 186 Codex Members (185 Member Countries + EU as Member Organization)
– 224 Codex Observers (52 IGOs, 157 NGOs, 15 UN)
• www.codexalimentarius.org
5
Examples of procedural standards for food safety – Codex Alimentarius
• Examples of Codex documents
6
Reference Title
CAC/GL 19-1995 Principles and guidelines for the exchange of information in
food safety emergency situations
CAC/GL 25-1997 Guidelines for the exchange of information between countries
on rejections of imported food
CAC/GL 60-2006 Principles for traceability/product tracing as a tool within a
food inspection and certification system
CAC/RCP 52-2003 Code of practice for fish and fishery products
CAC/RCP 53-2003 Code of hygienic practice for fresh fruits and vegetables
FAO/WHO guide for developing and improving national food recall systems
Examples of procedural standards for food safety – Codex Alimentarius
“FAO/WHO guide for developing and improving national food recall systems”
7
Examples of procedural standards for food safety – Codex Alimentarius
“FAO/WHO guide for developing and improving national food recall systems”
8
Examples of procedural standards for food safety
Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP)
• HACCP is a management system in which food safety
is addressed through
– the analysis and control of biological, chemical,
and physical hazards
– from raw material production, procurement and
handling, to manufacturing, distribution and
consumption of the finished product.
www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/HACCP
9
Examples of procedural standards for food safety - HACCP
HACCP principles
HACCP is a systematic approach to the identification, evaluation, and control
of food safety hazards based on the following seven principles:
• Principle 1: Conduct a hazard analysis.
• Principle 2: Determine the critical control points (CCPs).
• Principle 3: Establish critical limits.
• Principle 4: Establish monitoring procedures.
• Principle 5: Establish corrective actions.
• Principle 6: Establish verification procedures.
• Principle 7: Establish record-keeping and documentation procedures.
10
Examples of procedural standards for food safety - HACCP
HACCP prerequisite programmes
Prerequisite programs provide the basic environmental and
operating conditions that are necessary for the production of
safe, wholesome food. Common prerequisite programs include:
• Receiving, Storage and Shipping.
– All raw materials and products should be stored under sanitary
conditions and the proper environmental conditions such as
temperature and humidity to assure their safety and
wholesomeness.
• Traceability and Recall.
– All raw materials and products should be lot-coded and a recall
system in place so that rapid and complete traces and recalls
can be done when a product retrieval is necessary.
11
Examples of procedural standards for food safety - ISO
International Standards Organisation (ISO)
ISO develops and publishes international standards
• ISO 9000 Quality management
• ISO 14000 Environmental management
• ISO 26000 Social responsibility
• ISO 31000 Risk management
• ISO 22000 Food safety management
• ISO 27001 Information security management
ISO 22000 family
• Family of voluntary industry standards on food safety
• Main building block HACCP
• ISO 22005:2007 – “Traceability through the food and feed chain”
www.iso.org
12
Examples of procedural standards for food safety
GLOBALG.A.P.
“G.A.P. stands for Good Agricultural Practice – and GLOBALG.A.P. is the
worldwide standard that assures it.”
• Sets voluntary standards for the certification of agricultural
products around the globe.
• Aims include:
– Creating a single standard system that identifies safe production
methods, responsible use of resources, worker occupational
health and safety, and animal welfare.
– Implementing Good Agricultural Practice worldwide to lay the
foundation for the protection of scarce resources with a
promise for a sustainable future.
www.globalgap.org
13
14
Examples of procedural standards for food safety
15
Examples of procedural standards for food safety
Examples of procedural standards for food safety
GS1
• GS1 is an international not-for-profit association with
Member Organisations in over 100 countries.
• GS1 is dedicated to the design and implementation of global
standards and solutions to improve the efficiency and visibility
of supply and demand chains globally and across sectors.
• The GS1 system of standards is the most widely used supply
chain standards system in the world.
• GS1 standards are used in multiple sectors and industries.
• The GS1 GTC Programme supports the implementation of
traceability across the supply chain both locally and globally.
• www.gs1.org16
17
Examples of procedural standards for food safety
Data carrier standards
• Basic data carrier types
– Human-oriented labels
– Data carriers for automated identification and data capture (AIDC)
• Data carriers can
– Carry identities (animal, product, traceable unit, logistics unit, asset etc)
– Carry information
One-dimensional barcodes
E.g. Code128
Two-dimensional barcodes
E.g. QRCode
Radio-frequency identifiers (RFID)
E.g. EPCGlobal
IMPORTANT: data carriers do not by themselves establish traceability18
19
Examples of procedural standards for food safety
The agenda – Day 3
• Recap of Day 2
• Standards
– Codex Alimentarius; HACCP; ISO; GLOBALG.A.P.; GS1;
data carriers; TraceFood
– Additional standards (not discussed)
• Supporting smallholder farmers
• Looking ahead – Practical exercise 2
• Wrap-up
20
Examples of procedural standards for sustainability
• Standards for sustainable food production are mainly sector-based
– ISO14000 series on environmental management
– ISO26000 series on social responsibility (non-certifiable)
• Some sector-specific examples
– Palm oil: Roundtable for sustainable palm oil (RSPO) – www.rspo.org
– Aquaculture: Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) - www.asc-aqua.org
– Fair trade: Fairtrade International (FLO) – www.fairtrade.net
21
Examples of procedural standards for trade
• eCert
– UN/CEFACT Standard for sanitary and phyto-sanitary
export certificates to facilitate trade of agricultural
products
• Assures that the commodity has met the importing government
requirements
• Improves business processes for import clearance through
consistent quality data
• Facilitates real time clearance, e.g. through early shipment
notifications
– In use with a number of countries (EU, US, CA)
– Fully paperless by end 2014
22
Examples of procedural standards for trade
• eCustoms– Main goals
• control and facilitate the movement of goods into and out of the internal market through efficient import and export procedures;
• increase the competitiveness of European trade through a reduction of compliance and administrative costs and an improvement in clearance times;
• facilitate legitimate trade through a coordinated approach relating to the control of goods;
• improve the safety and security of citizens with regard to dangerous and illicit goods;
• offer improved protection of the financial interests of the European Union and its Member States;
• contribute to the fight against international crime and terrorism by providing rapid and relevant information with regard to the international supply chain;
• allow for a seamless flow of data between the authorities of exporting and importing countries
– Project to be implemented by 2020
23
Technical standards
Trade Facilitation Implementation Guide
Pre-requisite:
Unique identification of
- Traceable units (TU)
- Logistic units (LU)
- Locations
- Contractual relations
Data carrier standards
- 1D & 2D Barcodes
- RFIDs
tfig.unece.org/contents/intro-domain-ebs.htm
24
The agenda – Day 3
• Recap of Day 2
• Standards
• Trace05 presentation
– Supporting smallholder farmers
– Looking ahead – Practical exercise 2
– Wrap-up
25
Thank you for your attention!
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: This presentation is based on materials prepared by Dr Heiner Lehr. The author would like
to acknowledge contributions by Francisco Blaha and Gwynne Foster, Xifrat Daten AG, FoodReg and Yakin IT Sdn
Bhd. Financial support from the European Commission for research projects is gratefully acknowledged. This deck
of presentations was made possible by SATNET and UN ESCAP and the author is very thankful for this opportunity.
DISCLAIMER: this presentation expresses the view of the presenter only. In particular, it does not express
necessarily the views of cited international bodies and firms.
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