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Ch. 6.1: Cell Theory & The MicroscopeCh. 6.1: Cell Theory & The Microscope
Vocab.Vocab.Cell theoryCell theory micrographmicrograph organelleorganelle plasma membraneplasma membraneNucleusNucleus cytoplasmcytoplasm cell wallcell wall eukaryotic celleukaryotic cellProkaryotic cellProkaryotic cell
People: Hooke; LeeuwenhoekPeople: Hooke; Leeuwenhoek
The Discovery of the Cell: Robert Hooke
•In 1665•Observes cork
(plant) under microscope;
– looked like thousands of tiny, empty chambers = “cells”
•We now know cells are the basic units of life.
The Discovery of the Cell:Von Leeuwenhoek• Developed single
microscope with high quality lens, 1700
• observe pond water and other things.
• Cellular/Microbiology is born!
Developing the Cell Theory
•Matthias Schleiden: all plants were made of cells (1838)
•Theodor Schwann: all animals were made of cells (1839).
•Rudolph Virchow: new cells were created only from division of pre-existing cells (1855).
•These discoveries led to the cell theory.
Compound Light Microscope
• Combination of lenses and light used to magnify small objects held on a slide
•Live specimens: YES
•Max magnification = 1000x
Electron Microscopes• Image produced on a computer screen using a
beam of electrons (not light)• More powerful (300,000x or more) than light
microscopes, but specimen cannot be alive– Transmission (T.E.M)
• Study of inner structure of a specimen• Samples are cut into thin slices for viewing• Images are 2-D
– Scanning (S.E.M.)• Allows study of specimen surface• Images are 3-D
The Cell Theory1. All living things are
composed of cells.2. Cells are the basic
units of structure and function in living things.
3. New cells are produced from pre-existing cells.
Two Types of Cells•All cells are surrounded by a barrier called a cell membrane and contain DNA
•Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus & membrane organelles. (plants, animals, fungi & protists.)
•Prokaryotic cells do NOT contain a nucleus (still have DNA) and most organelles (do have ribsomes) and are classified as bacteria.
Cell Parts: OrganellesEach has a specific job/function.You to be able to identify each organelle from a picture and explain the function of
each organelle for your CELL QUIZ.Nucleus Cytoplasm Ribosomes VacoulesNuclear envelope Cell Membrane E.R. (rough & smooth) LysosomesNucleolus Cell Wall Golgi Apparatus Chloroplasts
MitochondriaMicrotules & Microfilaments
Flagella & Cilia
Table of Organelles & Functionhttp://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
http://utahscience.oremjr.alpine.k12.ut.us/sciber00/7th/cells/sciber/orgtable.htm
StudyStack for Organelleshttp://www.studystack.com/flashcard-242367
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