Cell Processes Photosynthesis (8) And Cellular Respiration (9)

Cell Processes

Photosynthesis (8)

And

Cellular Respiration (9)

AUTOTROPHS

• Living things depend on energy to exist.• Organisms that make the own food are

autotrophs• Plants and some other types of organisms

are able to use the light energy from the sun to produce food. What is the name of the process by which plants make their own food?

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Photosynethesis

• The process that coverts inorganic substances, CO2 and H2O, using the sun’s energy into an organic substance called glucose, C6H12O6

• Chlorophyll – plants principal pigment that absorbs sunlight

PHOTOSYNTHESISEQUATION

Leaf Parts

• Stoma (stomata) – small pores that act as a doorway for gases involved in photosynthesis (found mainly on the underside of leaves).

• Guard Cells – cells that regulate the opening of the stomata.

• Lower and upper epidermis – outer layer of a plant that serves for protection, like skin.

Stoma Open vs. Closed

• Open – with light and when guard cells are filled with water.

• Closed – without light and when guard cells are lacking water (dehydrated).

• Why is it important to have stomata open?

Closed vs. Open

Stomata Open vs. Closed

-Water -No Water -Light -Dark

Why is it important to have stomata open? GAS EXCHANGE for photosynthesis!

• When stomata are open gas exchange important for photosynthesis can occur.

• O2 can diffuse out and CO2 can diffuse in.

• Water can evaporate as well (transpiration)

FACTORS THAT EFFECT PHOTOSYNTHESIS

• AMOUNT OF WATER

• TEMPERATURE

• INTENISTY OF LIGHT

Leaf Parts

• Stoma (stomata) – small pores that act as a doorway for gases involved in photosynthesis (found mainly on the underside of leaves).

• Guard Cells – cells that regulate the opening of the stomata.

• Lower and upper epidermis – outer layer of a plant that serves for protection, like skin.

Stoma Open vs. Closed

• Open – with light and when guard cells are filled with water.

• Closed – without light and when guard cells are lacking water (dehydrated).

• Why is it important to have stomata open?

Closed vs. Open

Stomata Open vs. Closed

-Water -No Water -Light -Dark

Why is it important to have stomata open? GAS EXCHANGE for photosynthesis!

• When stomata are open gas exchange important for photosynthesis can occur.

• O2 can diffuse out and CO2 can diffuse in.

• Water can evaporate as well (transpiration)

How Does Osmosis determine if the Stomata are open or closed?

HETEROTROPHS

• Organisms that obtain energy from the foods they consume are called heterotrophs. They cannot make the own food

Cellular Respiration

• Define cellular respiration – A process that releases energy by breaking

down food molecules in the presence of oxygen– Both plant and animal cells must undergo

cellular respiration– Process occurs in the mitochondria

Chemical Equation for Cellular Respiration

• The equation is the opposite of photosynthesis.

CHEMICAL ENERGY AND ATP

• The activities of the cell are powered by chemical fuels. One of the principal chemical compounds that living things use to store energy is Adenine Triphosphate – ATP.

ATP• One glucose molecule breaks down into about 36 ATP

molecules• ATP is a fully charged battery, ready to power the

machinery of the cell.

Energy

• Cells use energy for

– Active transport – Movement within the cell