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Carried out by: University of Vermont-Department of Community Development & Applied Economics-Gund Institute for Ecological Economics-Rubenstein School of Environment & Natural Resources
Valuation of Pacific Salmon
Ecosystems in Russia Far East
Kol River Salmon Refuge 544,000 acres 3 hydrological sections – Kol, Kehta, and Kuntovo One of the richest known assemblages of salmonid fish
Contains all six Pacific salmon species Is a high biodiversity indicator for region
45% of diversity of birds on Kamchatka exist within spawning grounds in the Kol Refuge
Study Site: Kol River Salmon Refuge
1. Understand the link between ecosystem services in the Kol River Salmon Refuge and human welfare
2. Determine the total value of market and non-market ecosystem services that flow from the Kol River Salmon Refuge
3. Forecast changes in ecosystem functions and values under various management scenarios.
-Model scenario development
Objectives of Valuation Study
GIS layersValuation methods
1. Production function, 2. Travel Cost Method (TCM), 3. Flathead Lake Bio-station -science/education value, and 4.Benefits Transfer from existing database of known ecosystem service values
Valuation Framework
Example of Ecosystem Services ValuedFunctions Ecosystem processes and components Examples
Regulation functions - Maintenance of essential ecological processes and life support systems
1 Gas regulation Role of ecosystems in bio-geochemical cycles Maintenance of good air quality
2 Climate regulationInfluence of land cover and biol. mediated
processes on climateMaintenance favorable climate for human and
salmon existence
3 Disturbance preventionInfluence of ecosystem structure on dampening
environmental disturbancesStorm protection (e.g. wetlands or mangroves)
4 Water regulationRole of land in regulating runoff & river
dischargeDrainage, natural irrigation, and regulation of flows
necessary for spawning
5 Water supply Filtering, retention and storage of fresh waterProvision of water for consumptive use (e.g. drinking
water)
6 Nutrient regulationRole of biota in storage and re-cycling of
nutrientsNutrient cycling salmon provide for Kamchatka
brown bears and birds
Habitat functions - Providing habitat (suitable living space) for wild plant and animal species
7 Refugium functions Suitable living space for wild plants and animals Suitable habitat for Kamchatka brown bears
8 Nursery function Suitable reproduction habitat Suitable spawning area for Pacific salmon
Production functions - Provision of natural resources
9 FoodConversion of solar energy into edible plants
and animalsPacific salmon as a food source
10 Raw materialsConversion of solar energy into biomass for
human construction and other usesImprove crop resistance to pathogens & pests
Information functions - providing opportunities for cognitive development
11 Aesthetic information Attractive landscape features Enjoyment of scenic views on Kamchatka Peninsula
12 Recreation Variety of landscapes with recreational uses Tourism as a result of Pacific salmon fishing
13Cultural and artistic
informationVariety in natural features with cultural and
artistic valueUse of Pacific salmon in books, painting, national
symbols, advertising etc…
14 Science and educationVariety in nature with scientific and educational
valueUse of Kamchatka Biostations for scientific research
LocationsBiosphere
Earth Surfaces
NutrientCycling
Hydrosphere Lithosphere Atmosphere
Anthroposphere
Cultures
Biodiversity
EcosystemServices
Water by
Reservoir
Geological Carbon
Ores
Earth Energy
Gasses
ExchangesBetweenLocations
Social Capital
Human Capital
Economy
•Incorporating Kol Refuge Valuation as a Case Study in a Larger Model •The Multi-scale Integrated Model of the Earth Systems (MIMES)
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