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Carbon, biodiversity and cocoa farming in Ghana
Professor Ken NorrisAmy Wade
Centre for Agri-Environmental Research
The University of Reading
Talk Outline
• Recent work
– Carbon and biodiversity in forest and agro-forestry ecosystems– Land management strategies for cocoa and carbon– The large-scale Carbon value of cocoa farming systems
• Cocoa-carbon possibilities
Cocoa-biodiversity project
Forest Reserve (Atewa) Traditional, shade cocoa Intensive, unshaded cocoa
Project details
• Eastern Region
• Integrated data collection– farm productivity and management– biodiversity– soil nutrient status (health)– carbon stores
Biod
iver
sity
val
ue
Production intensityLow High
Cocoa-carbon
• Carbon stores in relation to land-use• Land management strategies• The potential large-scale value of cocoa-carbon in Ghana
Carbon stores and land-use
Productivity
Forest trees Soil
Land management strategies
Unshaded cocoa0.58ha
Forest 0.42ha
136Mg C
160Mg C
Shaded cocoa1ha
Large-scale cocoa-carbon issues
• Carbon stores in forest and cocoa farming systems in Ghana are roughly equivalent• Intensifying cocoa production would reduce the carbon stores in cocoa farming systems by about 50%
Cocoa-carbon possibilitiesAfforestation/Reforestation1.Restoring shaded cocoa farming systems to former or abandoned cocoa growing areas2.Increasing tree cover in intensive cocoa growing areas
Cocoa-carbon possibilitiesREDD1.Avoided deforestation caused by conversion to cocoa farming2.Avoided forest degradation caused by the intensification of cocoa farming
Concluding Remarks• Cocoa and carbon in Ghana are inextricably linked– Cocoa farming systems are an important carbon store– Changes in cocoa farming systems could significantly increase or reduce GHG emissions
• Significant opportunity to develop cocoa-carbon projects in Ghana
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