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(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 1
The “Baby” Re-born
Background to an historic event
Why the replica was built
How the replica was built
Demonstration of the working machine
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 2
The Cathode Ray Tube Store
FC Williams and Tom Kilburn
How the store worked
Kilburn’s important report - December 1947
The need for realistic testing
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 3
Freddie Williams and Tom KilburnIn 1950
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 4
Regenerating the information
PICKUP PLATE
AMPLIFIERDISCRIMINATING
CIRCUIT
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 5
The Need for Realistic Testing
The Small-Scale Experimental Machine
Sufficient functionality to be “universal”
Sufficiently simple for quick results
Designed to be expandable in functionality and capacity
Only one arithmetic operation - subtraction
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 6
Small-Scale Experimental Machine - schematic diagram
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 7
The Illustrated London News
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 8
The First Program
Reliability gradually improved in June 1948
Kilburn’s program to find highest factor of a number
It succeeded with a small number after a run of a few seconds at about 11.00 am on 21st June 1948
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 9
The First program
From a notebook kept by Geoff Tootill
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 10
Dots & Dashes
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 11
The Historic Event
The first time in the world that a stored-program computer worked
Monday, 21st June 1948, about 11:15The “Baby” was the World’s first
Universal Computing MachineNearly all modern computers are “like”
that.
(c) Chris Burton 12
The Computer Conservation Society
The Small-Scale Experimental Machine Rebuild Project
THE MUSEUMOF SCIENCE &INDUSTRY INMANCHESTER
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 13
Project Goal
“To construct a working replica of the Manchester University Small-Scale Experimental Machine by Sunday, 21st June 1998 - the 50th anniversary of the successful running of the world's first stored computer program - and to re-run that program.”
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 14
SSEM - Design Studies
Key documents
Analysis of circuits - e.g., Clock Chassis
Analysis of photographs - e.g., Typewriter
Chassis identification
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 15
Dai Edwards’ Drawing of the Clock Circuit
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 16
Our CAD clock circuit
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 17
Close up of Clock Chassis
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 18
Our Computer-Aided-Design Drawing of Chassis Metalwork
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 19
SSEM - Acquisition of Parts
Key items - valves and cathode ray tubes
Generosity of many individuals
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 20
The Mark 1 in 1949
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 21
Close-up of Mark 1 Typewriter
(c) Chris Burton
Cover of War Surplus
Catalogue
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 23
Catalogue Page withPush Button Unit
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 24
Five of the pioneer team in 1998
Tom Kilburn, Dai Edwards, Geoff Tootill, Tommy Thomas, Alec Robinson
(c) Chris Burton Small-Scale Experimental Machine 25
50th Anniversary
Kilburn and Tootill re-run the first program on 21st June 1998
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