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C-Band Telemetry Usage in Europe & Threats
Update 2014 Guenter Mueller for Gerhard Mayer
Former Chair ICTSEuropean Society for Telemetry (EST)
gmayer@gvm-consultants.com
International Consortium for Telemetry Spectrum
ITC 2014 ICTS General Session 22 Oct, 2014 San Diego CA
Agenda
1. Overview: European Allocations
2. Present C-Band Usage
3. Upcoming Threats from WRC-12 Resolutions & WRC-15 Action Items
4. Coordinated Actions
5. Conclusions
AMT Allocations in Europe
• L-band deleted, but still used in some countries.
• S-band for AMT applications (CEPT/ERC Rec.62-02E)- Core band 2300 – 2330 MHz - Extension band 2330 – 2400 MHz Not harmonized, used in a part of countries, only !
• WRC-07 C-band global 5091 – 5150 MHz Region 1 5150 – 5250 MHz
That is the only real harmonized AMT band in Europe !
Interference & noise scenario
S-band: Billions of „Part 15“ and „3 & 4g-mobile“ devices can create significant out-of-band spurious emissions
• Spectral occupancy & interference studies in various regions show frequently noise levels of -90..-100 dBm in the band 2300 - 2380 MHz-80..- 70 dBm in the band 2380 - 2400 MHz
C-band: WRC´07 bands 5091 – 5150 MHz (global)and 5150 – 5250 MHz (Region 1 extension) show-103…87 dBm
Ref. FCC TAC Noise Environment Subcommittee
NTIA Reports Spectrum Survey Measurements Wellens et al.; RWTH Aachen University, Germany
European C-band introduction
• Austria: Payload tests for border surveillance• France: Airbus to test AB 350 et al.
Spain may be later part of the Airbus network.• Germany: DLR and Fraunhofer doing operational tests,
Airbus Mil. & Space C-band vs. S-band evaluation. Airbus-Eurocopter in planning status, ops. expected from 2017 on.
• The Netherlands: NRL, systems procured.• Sweden & Norway: VIDSEL Range: procurement C-band
tracking station in process, test flights in 2014. Andoya Range pondering to introduce C-band.
• Switzerland: Armasuisse in planning status for 2017-2020.
• UK: BAES and Qinetiq in planning status.
Status of C-band use
• Austria Diamond Aircraft Systems: doing tests of payload systems for border
surveillance tasks• France AIRBUS: reception network 5091-5150 MHz,10 Mbps FM; change to COFDM
TX, now available; C-band tests finished, FT A350 op`nal.• Germany Airbus Mil.& Space: 5105 MHz, B=10 MHz, FT since 2013(small aircraft and
Tornado), preparing project support from 2014 onward; FT UAV „Scout“.DLR: 5140 / 5180 MHz, B=21MHz, 5W,bi-dir.link (networked radio),
test phase done, operational for scientific flight tests & project „Vabene“.RDE: URV tests, 4470 MHz, B 20 MHz (NATO support); FT UAV „KZO“.• The NetherlandsNRL & Navy: diversity up & dwn link, vessel to helicopter and vessel to
(unmanned) Mine Sweeper „Seehund“, successful FT 2012
Providers C-band components & systems
• Artronics: S- & C-band tracking station prototype (2014).
• Insys Aero: datalinks for AvioXnet and video systems
• Kraus Messtechnik: complete networked telemetry systems, C band up & downlink
• STT: airborne components
• Zodiac: ground & airborne components, COFDM transmitter available.
New threat potential from WRC-12 Resolutions
Critical Action Items to AMT C-Band Allocations by WRC-15 Action Items:
1.1: „to seek additional spectrum for IMT“1.5: „use of bands allocated to the FSS for
Command & Control of UAS” 1.7: „review the use of band 5091-5150 MHz by the FSS” 1.17: „spectrum requirements including aeronautical allocations to support wireless avionics intra-communications”
Threats from AI 1.1 for the WRC-15
• The primary future threat for AMT is the Agenda Item 1.1 "to seek additional spectrum for IMT”
• Interaction with IMT delegates revealed that reallocating additional spectrum in the range 2000-2500 MHz is their utmost priority and the commercial interests are prepared to pay enormous amounts of money for access !
• Studies are already being conducted to find more bandwidth in the telemetry-intensive S- and C-Bands (2200-2400 & 4400-6700 MHz)
AMT C-Band threat fromBroadband Wireless Systems
• The European Commission (EC) supports the specific concept of „Licenced Shared Access“ (LSA) as one form of sharing in other bands, too.
• DIGTALEUROPE recommends to the European Commission (EC) LSA-studies in the 5 GHz range; 5091 – 5250 MHz is one candidate „for the benefits of RLAN, WiFi and WiMax services“.
• German Spectrum Agency recommends AMT users to
define protection critera in a joint European Study.
Threats from other AI´s for the WRC-15
• New Action Items for the FSS, MSS and Wireless Avionics Intra-Communications (WAIC) also demonstrate threat potential to ATM C-band allocations:– 1.5 “use of bands allocated to the FSS for C² of UAS” – 1.7 “review the use of band 5091-5150 MHz by FSS” – 1.17 “spectrum requirements including aeronautical
allocations to support wireless avionics intra-communications”
– All have to be tracked and analyzed by the ICTS very diligently & carefully ! Details were already presented in the “ICTS Region 1 Report “, update 2014.
C- Band test activities
• Airbus Toulouse initial FT with10 Mbps 10W-FM onboard with C-band gnd network, now with OFDM Transmitter.
• Airbus Military and Space prepared FT C-band vs. S-band,
with small aircraft and Tornado.
• Airbus Helicopers did successful evaluation flights, using a Zodiac test system (5W, COFDM).
• Vidsel Range in Sweden did flight tests S-band vs. C-band (with Helicoper), inclusive interference studies from their C-band Radar.
AMT bands over 15GHz
• Requirements will further increase; WRC´07 allocations satisfying medium term needs, only
• Lessons learned from WRC´07: from identifying a specific need to a WRC decision one decade min. is required !
• No chance for future augmentation under 15 GHz ! (Ref. US Study „15 GHz & up“,2009)
„Bands already allocated to AMS from 15 – 40 GHz should be studied asap for AMT use and one band selected for a pilot demonstration “
Ka - band test activities
• Europen Soc. of Telemetry procuring prototype onboard and gnd system to evaluate Ka-band (27,0-27,5 GHz) ops; tests to compare with S- or C-band on small aircraft.
• Initial tests with a 24 GHz (5W, FM) system, using HAM radio components. Availability of a research frequency band, with no problems for licencening.
• Test flights on a small aircraft planned from 2015 on.
Drawback: budget restrictions for spectum stewardship
• Less contacts of AMT practitioners with CEPT and ITU delegates, resulting in less international attendance & influence on AMT interests.
• Well established contacts & links to Region-1+3 ATM practitioners and spectrum administrations will „dry up“, since not further cultivated.
• Result: Lack of information exchange to organise international coordinated countermeasures, to cope with present & future TM spectrum threats…
Countermeasures: Now what ??
• WRC-15 Preparations are in process.• Of interest and concern to AMT interests are:
– Working Party 5B – maritime & aeronautical mobile services
– Working Party 4C – spectrum utilization for MSS and RDSS
– Working Party 5D – IMT Systems– Joint Task Group Meetings
Work of regional project / study teams:– ATU, APT, CEPT, CITEL
Conclusions (1)C-band use in Europe
• Increasing interest in the EU is evident to use C-band. Introduction in 8 countries observed.
• Five vendors of EU-made on board and ground equipment on market, beside those selling US products.
• Further promotion of C-band use in Region 1 needed ! South Africa is key point, with its influence to the African developing countries.
• Further coordinated actions of the AMT community will be needed to defend the co-primary user status of WRC-07 C – bands!
Conclusions (2)Threats to AMT bands
• 2300-2400 MHz will be under severe threat by Res. 223 (WRC-12) with AI 1.1 (WRC-15) and the LSA lobby.
• 5091-5150 MHz may come under threat by AI1.5;1.7;1.17. • 5150-5250 MHz considered by the LSA lobby as one
candidate band for RLAN, WiFi and WiMax !
• ICTS delegates must remain in the relevant study groups of the ITU Working Parties 4 & 5 and regional parties (APT, CEPT, CITEL) and for the preparation of the WRC-15.
• Coordinated actions with key countries,(in Asia, South Africa, South America) will be crucial to cope the threats of AMT bands !
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