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are caused by exposure ofare caused by exposure of the the skinskin
to a heat source for a prolongedto a heat source for a prolonged
period of timeperiod of time..
Burn injuriesBurn injuries
Anatomy & function of the Anatomy & function of the skinskin::
The functions of the skin areThe functions of the skin are::
♠ protect the body from infection and injury
♠ prevent the loss of body fluids
♠ regulate body temperature
♠ provide a sense of touch and feel
Types of burn injuresTypes of burn injures::
RadiatioRadiationn
injuriesinjuries
ChemicChemic
al al injuriesinjuries
ElectricElectrical al
injuriesinjuries
Thermal Thermal injuresinjures
: as splashes and immersion: as splashes and immersion
Thermal injuresThermal injures
contact contact burnsburns
Flam burnsFlam burns Scald Scald burnsburns
As As splashes splashes immersionimmersion
of burn Degreeof burn Degree
degree degree burnsFirstburnsFirst
Second degree Second degree burnsburns
third degree third degree burnsburns
First Degree BurnsFirst Degree Burns
First degree burnsFirst degree burns affect only the epidermis affect only the epidermis..
These burns areThese burns are
red in colorred in color ۞۞
dry in texturedry in texture ۞۞
moderatelymoderately painfulpainful .۞۞
ExamplesExamples::
severe sunburnsevere sunburn ۩۩ hot liquidhot liquid ۩۩
splashsplash۩۩
11stst degree burns degree burns usually heal within 7 days usually heal within 7 days
and do not leave long-term scarringand do not leave long-term scarring
11stst degree degree burnburn
Second Degree BurnsSecond Degree Burns
Second degree burnsSecond degree burns affect the epidermis &a affect the epidermis &a portion of the dermisportion of the dermis
These severelyThese severely
- -painfulpainful
- -typically pinktypically pink
- -cherry red in colorcherry red in color
- -blistered skinblistered skin
cause of 2cause of 2ndnd degree degree::
direct contact with major heat sourcesdirect contact with major heat sources
chemicalschemicals
flame burnsflame burns..
Healing processesHealing processes : :
with proper treatment from 7 to 14 daywith proper treatment from 7 to 14 day
with minimalwith minimal impairmentimpairment
22ndnd degree degree burnburn
Third Degree BurnsThird Degree Burns
3rd burns3rd burns affect the epidermis and the entire affect the epidermis and the entire dermisdermis..
These burnsThese burns may be may be
11--painless because of levelpainless because of level
of damage to nerve endingsof damage to nerve endings..
22-- may be white ,brown, black ormay be white ,brown, black or
red in colorred in color..
ExamplesExamples
intense flamintense flam
electrical currentelectrical current
chemicalschemicals
prolonged exposure to high heatprolonged exposure to high heat
33rdrd degree degree burnburn
Sun burnSun burn
♠ Sun burnSun burn is resulting from an exposure of the skin tois resulting from an exposure of the skin to ultraviolet (UV) rays found in sun lightultraviolet (UV) rays found in sun light..
♠ mostly sun burnmostly sun burn is 1st degreeis 1st degree& &
accompanied withaccompanied with: :
Pain (increase 1st 6 & 48 hr.)Pain (increase 1st 6 & 48 hr.) swellingswelling
even blisteringeven blistering
Basic principles for treatment of Basic principles for treatment of burnburn::
♠Cool the burn site
♠Prevent further contamination
♠Keep vital fluids on site
♠Do not induce hypothermia
11STST aid for 1 aid for 1stst degree burns degree burns
11 - -Flush the burned area withFlush the burned area with
cool or tape watercool or tape water..
22 - -cleanse the burned areacleanse the burned area,,
apply moisturing creamapply moisturing cream
& & analgesic to relieve the painanalgesic to relieve the pain
11STST aid for 2nd degree burns aid for 2nd degree burns
11 - -Rinse the area with cool waterRinse the area with cool water
spray with antiseptic sprayspray with antiseptic spray
cover with sterile dressingcover with sterile dressing..
22 - -Avoid break blisters ,which increases the Avoid break blisters ,which increases the risk ofrisk of
infection. if blisters become infected seekinfection. if blisters become infected seek medical attentionmedical attention..
11stst aid for major burns aid for major burns
11 - -remove the victim from the source ofremove the victim from the source of
injuryinjury . .
22 - -Lay the victim down and covering theLay the victim down and covering the
victim with a blanket or coat or by victim with a blanket or coat or by having the victim roll over slowly. having the victim roll over slowly.
Do notDo not allow the victim to run allow the victim to run
33 - -In the case of extensive burns, check forIn the case of extensive burns, check for
respiration, ciculation,and signs of shock respiration, ciculation,and signs of shock andand
treat appropriatelytreat appropriately..
44 - -Apply cool compresses to bring skinApply cool compresses to bring skin
temperature back to normaltemperature back to normal
55 - -Do not try to remove burned clothing orDo not try to remove burned clothing or
objects that adhere to the burned area, objects that adhere to the burned area, you can cut it you can cut it..
66 - -if the victim wear rings or jewelry helpif the victim wear rings or jewelry help
him to remove ithim to remove it . .
Treatment of chemical burnsTreatment of chemical burns
♠ wash the burned areawash the burned area
♠ apply a lotion to preventapply a lotion to prevent
dryness of the skindryness of the skin
♠ wrap the burned areawrap the burned area
with a dry ,sterilewith a dry ,sterile
dressing or a clean clothdressing or a clean cloth . .
chemical burnschemical burns
♠ if the chemical has splash into eye:
1 -irrigate the injuries eye with cool water , for 15 minutes
2 -cover the eye with a sterile dressing & take the victim to a hospital emergency
Treatment of electrical burnsTreatment of electrical burns
♠ Do not touchDo not touch
♠ Turn off the source of electricity if Turn off the source of electricity if possiblepossible . .
if not using a non conducting object madeif not using a non conducting object made
of wood or plasticof wood or plastic
♠ check for breathing.check for breathing. ensure that person isensure that person is
breathing. If the breathing has breathing. If the breathing has stopped ,beginstopped ,begin
CPRCPR..
electrical burnselectrical burns
Thank Thank youyou
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