British Literature January 21, 2015 Complete the “Literary Analysis: British Literature...

British Literature

January 21, 2015

• Complete the “Literary Analysis: British Literature Pre-Assessment.”

• If you do not know the answer to a question, respond with your best educated guess.

• When you are finished, take out your rough draft and journal.

WARM-UP – 1/22/2015

Students will be able to demonstrate mastery of the literary terms and

analysis applied to Hamlet in their essays. HOW?

Lecture NotesHamlet Workshop – Part TwoIrony in Hamlet Assignment

OBJECTIVES

• Denotation (Dictionary Definition)• Connotation (Complex feelings, associations, and

connections that evolve from human usage).

• Example – Plump and fat have the same denotation. Plump has a positive connotation and fat has a negative connotation.

Formal vs. Informal vs. Slang

They are not perturbed. (formal)

They aren’t mad. (informal)

They ain’t ticked. (slang)

DICTION (AKA WORD CHOICE)

1. Let’s go get some dinner.2. It is vital to understand the text one

reads.3. Computers are a pain in the neck.4. The Mona Lisa looks weird from up

close.5. Pickett’s charge at the Battle of6. Gettysburg was surely an awe-

inspiring sight. 

http://www.wheaton.edu/Academics/Services/Writing-Center/Writing-Resources/Style-Diction-Tone-and-Voice

ARE THE SENTENCES BELOW FORMAL, INFORMAL,

OR SLANG?

1. The leader was his nation’s most (notorious, well-known, famous) advocate.

2. Immigrants (thronged, flocked, swarmed) to the large cities.

3. Where did you find that (outfit, get-up, attire)?

http://www.wheaton.edu/Academics/Services/Writing-Center/Writing-Resources/Style-Diction-Tone-and-Voice

HOW DOES DICTION CHANGE THE TONE?

Choose the word that makes each sentence the most negative.

Among the rainAnd lights

I saw the figure 5In gold

On a redFiretruckMovingTense

UnheededTo gong clangs

Siren howlsAnd wheels rumbling

Through the dark city.

In the rainAnd lights

I watched the figure 5In yellowOn a redFiretruckDriving

StiffUnrecognizedTo loud noises

Siren beepsAnd wheels moving

Through the city at night.

ANALYZE THE DICTION IN “THE GREAT FIGURE”

Syntax is the arrangement of words and sentence

structure.

We are going to read a poem about syntax, that also illustrates the power of syntax, by

Gary Provost called “This Sentence Has Five Words.”

SYNTAX

Among the rainAnd lights

I saw the figure 5In gold

On a redFiretruckMovingTense

UnheededTo gong clangs

Siren howlsAnd wheels rumbling

Through the dark city.

I saw a figure 5 in the rain. It was gold. It was on a red firetruck. It moved stiffly and unnoticed with loud

noises. The wheels moved through the city at night.

ANALYZE THE SYNTAX IN “THE GREAT FIGURE.”

Drenched in gold, I peered through the rain and lights to see the figure 5 moving tense, unheeded to the gong clangs. The siren howls. The wheels rumble. The city is dark.

BASIC ELEMENTS OF EVERY SENTENCE

SUBJECT PREDICATE

BASIC ELEMENTS

Mary plays tennis.

SUBJECT PREDICATE

SIMPLE SENTENCE

We went to San Juan .

Pronoun Verb

Simple subject Complete predicate

Prepositional phrase

SIMPLE SENTENCE

Mary plays tennis.

SUBJECT PREDICATE

one subject one predicate

COMPOUND SENTENCE

We went to San Juan,

and most of us danced all night .

Subject Verb

CoordinatingConjunction

Predicate

Verb

Prepositional phrase

Modifying phraseSubject

COMPOUND SENTENCE

USE OF COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

SUBJECT PREDICATE

SUBJECT PREDICATE

Either a conjunction or a semi-colon.

If you have a comma, then it is a comma splice.

COMPOUND SENTENCE:

COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

FOR

AND

NOR

BUT

OR

YET

SO

“If the relation between the ideas expressed in the main clauses is very close and obvious without a conjunction, you can separate the

clauses with a semicolon” (Little, Brown Handbook, 9th Edition,

p. 361).

SEMICOLONS

PUNCTUATING COMPOUND SENTENCES IN YOUR ESSAY

Tom has benefited from his exercise program; he is slim and energetic.

Read through your essay. Do you have any two independent clauses connected with only a comma?Fix It!•Use a semi-colon. •Use a conjunction (in most cases with a comma)

COMPLEX SENTENCE

Since my friends and I wanted to have fun,

we went to San Juan yesterday.

A complex sentence has at least two parts:

one that can stand alone and another one

that cannot.

The part that cannot stand alone is linked

to the rest of the sentence by a

subordinating conjunction

COMPLEX SENTENCE

Since we wanted to have fun,

we went to San Juan yesterday.

PredicateSubject

SubordinatingConjunction

Part that cannot stand alone

COMPLEX SENTENCE

SUBJECT PREDICATE

SUBJECT PREDICATE

even though

COMPLEX SENTENCE

Bob is popular

he is ugly.

even though

COMPLEX SENTENCE:

SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

The most common subordinating conjunctions are "after," "although," "as," "because," "before," "how,"

"if," "once," "since," "than," "that," though," "till," "until,"

"when," "where," "whether,” and while."

One Method to Revise One Method to Revise Dropped QuotesDropped Quotes

1. Look over your essay to locate a dropped quote (or “quote vomit”) 2. Revise the introduction to the quote using subordinate conjunctions and portion quotes.

STEP 1: Read and annotate the essay.STEP 2: Edit the essay paying attention to sentence structure: identify run-ons, comma splices, fragments. STEP 3: Check each in-text citation: “Quote” (I.ii.65-67). STEP 4: Review the guidelines for MLA format below.

SWITCH YOUR ESSAY WITH A PARTNER.

AND FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS

Your font must be 12pt in Times New Roman double-spaced.

IRONY IS NOT COINCIDENCE.IRONY IS ALL ABOUT EXPECTATIONS.IRONY = OPPOSITE OF EXPECTATION

VERBAL

Opposite of what someone has said is meant

SITUATIONAL

The outcome is opposite of what is expected

DRAMATIC

The audience knows more about the situation than the characters

IRONY

Opposite of what someone has said is meant. It is intentional to say one thing and mean

the opposite. “Soft like concrete”

“Clear like mud”

“Pleasant like a root canal”

Verbal irony sounds sarcastic but the purpose of sarcasm is to cause pain or harm. Verbal irony

is just to imply the opposite meaning. Sarcasm can be a form of verbal irony but verbal irony is

not necessarily sarcastic. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IiR-bnCHIYo

VERBAL IRONY VS. SARCASM

Situational irony occurs only when the exact opposite of what is meant to

happen, happens. When you wash your car and then it rains…Is that ironic?

There MUST be something that leads a person to think that a particular event or situation is

unlikely happen for it to be ironic.

When a meteorologist washes their car and it gets rained on would be ironic because a meteorologist would expect it to be

sunny since it is his/her job to predict the weather.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tqg6RO8c_W0

SITUATIONAL IRONY

IS NOT JUST COINCIDENCE.

The audience knows more about the situation than the characters.

This form of irony is used as a tool for engaging the audience by building curiosity about what will happen since the audience knows something that

the characters don’t. By allowing the reader and audience to know more things ahead of the characters, the irony puts the

reader and audience above the characters and encourages them to hope, to fear, and anticipate the moment when the character would find out the truth

behind the situations and events of the story.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZFYuX84n1U

DRAMATIC IRONY

What is the assignment? What is the assignment? You are going to create a visual representation of some irony or an ironic moment in Hamlet.•Be careful as what you choose to depict is not coincidence, but truly irony—THE OPPOSITE OF EXPECTATIONS.

RequirementsRequirements•You must include at least two quotes (with proper in-text citations) from Hamlet that exemplify the irony. •Your depiction of irony is due on Monday, if you do not finish in class (which all of you should do).

HAMLET IRONY ASSIGNMENT

• Your final draft is due tomorrow, Your final draft is due tomorrow, Friday (January 23Friday (January 23rdrd). ).

• Your essay must be in MLA format or it will not be considered for grading.

• Your Hamlet irony assignment is due on Monday if you did not finish in class today.

HOMEWORK