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BRIEF DESCRIPTION ON CHENNAI PERIPHERAL ROAD
1 Scheme and Authority
Chennai is the Capital of Tamil Nadu, has grown as a perfect base in respect of
institutions, information technology, automobile and hardware manufacturing. Due to
growing volume of traffic in and around the City, there is an immediate need for
improvement of infrastructure facilities.
Government of Tamil Nadu is in the process of identifying and implementing projects
to bridge the huge gap in the demand and supply of infrastructure projects. One of the
major projects included in VISION 2023 is Chennai Peripheral Road.
Chennai Peripheral Road is conceptualized to provide better connectivity around the
city catering future traffic requirements and provide efficient commercial
transportation by enhancing port connectivity. This road will facilitate container
movement from southern districts to Ennore Port.
The Government of Tamil Nadu have accorded administrative sanction for the work
of preparation of DPR for forming Peripheral Road connecting Mahabalipuram to
Ennore Port.
Name of Work: Peripheral Road connecting Mahabalipuram to Ennore Port (via)
Singaperumalkoil, Sriperumbudur, Thiruvallur, Thamaraipakkam, Periyapalayam,
Puduvoyal and Kattupalli.
2 Necessity for forming Peripheral Road
Chennai city is located on the coast of Bay of Bengal which makes the road
layout in the metropolitan area is of radial pattern.
There are 4 principal radial arterials, viz. NH-5, NH-205, NH-4, NH-45, to the
north, north-west, west and south respectively.
In addition, there are three more radial arterials,(i) along the coast on the
northern side (Thiruvotriyur High Road), (ii) between NH-4 and NH-45 (Arcot
Road) and (iii) along the south coast (ECR & OMR).
The radial roads are congested and inadequate to handle the growing traffic
need. The connecting road system, with lot of missing links, has put
tremendous strain on the radial network.
City has got three circumferential roads viz., Inner Ring Road, Chennai
Bypass and Outer Ring Road which connects the radial roads.
As the city is developing beyond the limits of these circumferential roads, a
new circumferential road is required.
Chennai Airport is the third busiest airport in India.
The city is served by two major ports.
- Chennai port is the largest in Bay of Bengal and India's second busiest
container hub, handling automobiles, motorcycles and general industrial
cargo.
- Ennore Port currently handles cargo such as coal, iron ore, other bulk and
rock mineral products and future expansion plans are on the anvil.
Chennai city has got one more private sea port at Kattupalli near the northern
town of Ennore.
Road connectivity to the Ennore and Kattupalli ports needs to be provided
from the radial roads without congesting the city roads.
Also the upcoming regional industries require capacity augmentation in terms
of traffic infrastructure.
3 Project Road
The State Government of Tamil Nadu has identified already a tentative alignment for
the proposed peripheral road. This alignment was studied along with other alternate
alignments on the basis of technical and financial viability. The proposed alignment
options were evaluated by the Technical Sub-Committee, Technical Committee and
Steering Committee based on technical and financial viability. The alignment for
Chennai Peripheral Road was approved by the Steering Committee and finalized by
the Principal Secretary, Highways and Minor Ports, Government of Tamil Nadu on
09.07.2014.
The Peripheral road will starts at Ennore Port and ends at Poonjeri Junction (km
56/800 of ECR) in Mahabalipuram. The proposed road will connect four National
Highways – NH-5, NH-205, NH-4 and NH-45, and eight State Highways – SH-51,
SH-50A, SH-50, SH-48, SH-57, SH-49B, SH-49A (OMR) and SH 49 (ECR). Length
of proposed peripheral road will be around 133.381 km which is split into 5 sections.
Section 1: Northern Port Access Road - Ennore Port to Thatchur on NH-5
Section 2: Thatchur on NH-5 to Start of Thiruvallur Bypass
Section 3: Start of Thiruvallur Bypass to Sriperumbudur on NH-4
Section 4: Sriperumbudur on NH-4 to Singaperumalkoil on NH-45
Section 5: Singaperumalkoil on NH-45 to Mahabalipuram
Section - 1: Northern Port Access Road from Ennore Port to Thatchur on NH-5
Feasibility Study Report for forming North Port Access Road (NPAR) from Northern
Gate of Ennore port to Thatchur on NH-5 (km 30/270 ) with a connecting road to
Tiruvottiyur-Ponneri-Panchetty Road was prepared already by NHAI. As requested by
the Government of Tamil Nadu, NHAI handed over the Feasibility Report to the State
Government to take the Project forward. GoTN appointed TNRDC as Managing
Associate for the project and modified the alignment with additional access provisions
as per the requirements of major stakeholders. The length of NPAR will be 21.12 km
and the TPP link Road is 4.35 km.
The proposed NPAR will have 4-lane divided carriageway with 2-lane service roads
on both sides and the proposed ROW is 100m. TNRDC prepared already the updated
feasibility report with land plan schedule which are adequate to implement the project
on DBFOT basis. In order to avoid built-up section, HT lines and to accommodate the
interchange at NH-5, the end of project road is shifted southwards to km. 29/000 of
NH-5. As the alignment of NPAR from Ch. 17+300 to NH-5 is modified, the length
of NPAR will be 20.900 km against the original length of 21.120 km. The link road
from NPAR to TPP road for a length of 4.21km is also included in the project. Total
length of the section is 25.11 km and is totally new formation.
Section - 2: NH-5 at Thatchur to Start of Thiruvallur Bypass
The entire section will be new alignment from km 29/000 of NH-5 near Thatchur to
km 50/500 of SH-57 near Othikkadu Village. The length of section is 26.40 km. The
alignment will cross SH-51 at km 9/100 and SH-50A at km 18/400. As the SH-57
from km 50/500 to km 56/900 is passing through 6 villages, to avoid social impact
new alignment is proposed parallel to SH-57, behind the settlements, from km 56/900
near Velliyur Village to end of project section (i.e. km 50/500 of SH-57). The project
road will have 6-lane with paved shoulder carriageway with 2-lane service road on
both sides and the proposed right of way is 60m.
Section - 3: Start of Thiruvallur Bypass to Sriperumbudur
This section starts at km 50/500 of SH-57 i.e. start of Thiruvallur bypass and ends at
km 42/250 of NH-4 in Sriperumbudur. Total length of this section is 30.60 km in
which 9.6 km is improvement of existing SH-57 and balance is new alignment.
Bypasses are proposed for Thiruvallur and Sriperumbudur towns and a realignment is
proposed for Thodukkadu village.
Thiruvallur bypass starts at km 50/500 of SH-57, crosses NH-205 at km 51/650 and
SH-50 at km 16/900 and ends at km 38/900 of SH-57. Length of this bypass will be
around 15.7 km. In order to avoid the built-up area of Sriperumbudur town, a new
alignment is proposed along the Sriperumbudur tank bund from km 26/600 of SH-57
to km 42/250 of NH-4, for a length of 1.6 km. The realignment of Thodukkadu village
is from km 27/600 to km 30/300 of SH-57, for a length of 2.85 km
The project road will have 6-lane with paved shoulder carriageway with 2-lane service
road on both sides and the proposed right of way is 60m.
Section - 4: Sriperumbudur to Singaperumalkoil
This section is stretch of SH-57 from NH-4 in Sriperumbudur to NH-45 in
Singaperumalkoil, for a length of 23.80 km.
Tamil Nadu Road Infrastructure Development Company Ltd. (TNRIDC), is widening
this stretch of SH-57 to 6-lanes with service roads and Projects wing of Highways
Department, Government of Tamil Nadu is constructing a ROB (in lieu of LC 47)
with interchange (elevated roundabout type) on NH-45 at start of SH-57. Hence new
vehicular underpasses only proposed within the available land to improve the safety.
Section - 5: Singaperumalkoil to Mahabalipuram
This section starts at km 47/400 of NH-45 in Singaperumalkoil, where the
Interchange-cum-ROB is under construction and ends at Poonjeri Junction in
Mamallapuram. Total length of this stretch is 27.471 km in which 2.0 km is
improvement of existing SH-49B from km 11/200 to km 13/200 and balance is new
alignment. The project road will be 4-lane with paved shoulder carriageway with 2-
lane service road on both sides and the proposed right of way is 60m.
Approved Alignment of Peripheral Road
4 Socio-Economic Profile
The peripheral road will passing through/near Kattupalli, Thamaraipakkam,
Thiruvallur, Sriperumbudur, Singaperumalkoil and Mahabalipuram.
According to the provisional population results of 2011, the city had a population of
46,81,087, with a density of 26,903 per km² and the urban agglomeration had a
population of 86,53,521. The city registered a growth rate of 7.77% during the period
2001–2011.
The sex ratio in Chennai city is 986 females for every 1,000 males whereas in CMA it
is 981 females for 1000 males. The average literacy rate rose from 85.33% in 2001 to
90.33% in 2011, much higher than the national average of 79.5%.
Chennai's economy has a broad industrial base in the automobile, computer,
technology, hardware manufacturing and healthcare sectors. As of 2012, the city is
India's second largest exporter of information technology and business process
outsourcing services. A major part of India's automobile industry is based in and
around the city.
The comprehensive profile of employment in CMA has been made on the basis of
secondary sources including Census data. The participation rate i.e. proportion of
main workers to the population of CMA was 30.74% in 1991 and 30.96% in 2001.
The corresponding figures for Chennai City were 30.50% in 1991 and 31.79% in
2001. The number of marginal workers both in Chennai City and in CMA is
negligible.
5 Cross Section
The Peripheral road is designed as a dual carriageway facility. The Steering
Committee finalized the lane configuration for each section considering the traffic,
environmental, social and cost of the project.
The Section-1 will have 4-lane with paved shoulder carriageway and 2-lane service
road with 1.5m wide footpath on both sides. The proposed Right of Way is 100m.
The Section-2 & 3 will have 6-lane with paved shoulder carriageway and 2-lane
service road with 3m wide footpath-cum-drain on both sides. The proposed Right of
Way is 60m.
The Section-4 will have 6-lane with paved shoulder carriageway and 2-lane service
road with 2.5m wide footpath-cum-drain on both sides with 1 to 1.5m wide central
median. The improvements are under construction by TNRIDC. Hence to improve the
safety, underpasses are proposed at required locations within the available land i.e. 40
to 60m.
The Section-5 of proposed peripheral road will have 4-lane with paved shoulder
carriageway and 2-lane service road with 3m wide footpath-cum-drain on both sides.
The proposed Right of Way is 60m.
Proposed Configuration
Sl.
No. Description Section - 1 Section - 2 Section - 3 Section - 4
Section -
5
1 Right of way
(RoW) 100m 60m 60m 40-60m 60m
2 Number of lanes in
Main Carriageway
2 X 2-lane
with paved
shoulder
2 X 3-lane
with paved
shoulder
2 X 3-lane
with paved
shoulder
2 X 3-lane
with paved
shoulder
2 X 2-lane
with
paved
shoulder
3 Central Median 4.00m 4.00m 4.00m 1.0m 4.00m
4 Service Road 2 X 2-lane 2 X 2-lane 2 X 2-lane 2 X 2-lane 2 X 2-lane
5 Footpath/Drain/
Utility Corridor
2 X 2m &
2 X 3m 2 X 3m 2 X 3m 2 X 2.5m 2 X 3m
6 Width of Main
Carriageway in
Structures
2 X 12.5m 2 X 12.5m 2 X 12.5m 2 X 12.5m 2 X 12.5m
6 Surveys and Investigation
Various engineering surveys and investigations were carried out as per ToR on the
project corridor. These includes topographical survey, road and structural inventory/
condition survey and pavement investigation on the existing road sections which will
be part of Peripheral road, sub-grade soil investigation, etc.
Typical Cross Section for Section – 1
Typical Cross Section for Section – 2 & 3
Typical Cross Section for Section – 4
Typical Cross Section for Section – 5
7 Traffic Surveys and Forecast
The following traffic surveys were carried out for the project as per ToR.
Classified Traffic Volume Count Survey - 19 locations
Turning Movement Survey - 12 locations
Origin-Destination & Commodity movement Survey - 15 locations
Axle Load Survey - 10 locations
Pedestrian Count Survey - 13 locations
Speed and Delay Survey
Truck Terminal survey - 3 locations
Analysis of the traffic survey data brings out the Annual Average Daily Traffic of
existing roads in the project area, peak hour turning movement of existing junctions,
traffic characteristics and movement pattern along the project corridor, pedestrian
movements in the project locations, vehicle loading characteristics and existing speed-
delay characteristics on the project area and requirement of truck parking facility.
The AADT of NH-45, NH-4 and NH-5 are more than 50000 PCU and AADT of
ECR, stretch of SH-57 from NH-45 to NH-205, SH-50, NH-205, SH-50A and SH-51
are more than 10000 PCU. Peak hour share is 5.5 to 8.5% and the peak hour is
identified during morning and evening hours. It is clearly observed that a significant
movement of freight traffic takes place during nights and early mornings. The
passenger traffic movement takes place during the day time.
From the outcome of origin-destination survey, O-D zoning system developed (20
zones) and O-D matrix for each survey location, vehicle category-wise, was prepared.
Traffic growth rate identified by the transport demand elasticity method.
The traffic projection is made for next 30 years (up to the year 2043). The expected
traffic, which is mainly diverted traffic, in each project section was identified from the
combined O-D matrices. Considering various factors, 5% generated traffic was
considered for all the sections of proposed Peripheral road for first 5 years after
construction of project. Even though the traffic requires more lanes in each section,
considering the presence & proximity of Chennai Outer Ring Road (CORR) and
Chennai Bypass and their influence on the projected traffic volumes, Steering
Committee suggested to restrict the number of lanes to 2 x 3 lane with paved shoulder
(same as CORR).
8 Detailed Design
The project road components are designed as an access controlled road, as per the
parameters recommended in the relevant standards of the Indian Roads Congress
(IRC) and MoRTH circulars, based on the findings of field surveys and investigations.
The ruling design speed of 100 kmph is considered in the project except at few
locations where the minimum design speed of 80 kmph is considered due to site
constrains.
9 Pavement
The pavement is designed for a life of 15 years for bituminous layers and 20 years for
granular layers. Flexible payment is considered for the project to minimize the initial
construction cost. Guideline of IRC: 37-2012 is followed for design of new pavement
and IRC: 81 - 1997 is followed for strengthening of existing pavement layers. The
proposed pavement composition is given below.
Proposed Pavement Composition for Main Carriageway
Description Section - 1 Section -
2 & 3 Section - 4 Section - 5
Service
Road
Bituminous Concrete 50 50 50 50 40
Dense Bituminous
Macadam 115 115 135 110 100
Wet Mix Macadam 250 250 250 250 250
Granular Sub-base 200 200 200 200 200
Total 615 615 635 610 590
Sub-grade CBR,% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Strengthening of existing pavement is considered only in Section-2 where the existing
road is under widening by TNRIDC. As per the traffic loading and deflection values
identified by the field surveys, 40mm BC and 50mm DBM is proposed as overlay for
the existing road. The new pavement composition shall be followed for the
approaches of proposed underpasses in this Section.
10 Storm Water Drainage
The surface and subsurface drains are designed in accordance with the requirements
of IRC:SP:42. Lined storm water drains with inner dimension of 1.2m X 1.5m is
proposed on both sides of the project road under the footpath, with cross fall towards
drain. Unlined trapezoidal drain is proposed at the centre of future public transport
corridor. Chute drains are proposed over proper bedding at embankments with height
more than 3m. Cross drainage structures are proposed based on the drainage
requirements.
11 Interchanges and Underpasses
The project road crosses four National Highways for which interchanges proposed.
NH-4, NH-205 & NH-5 : Cloverleaf Interchange
NH-45 : Elevated Roundabout Interchange
Underpasses are proposed at important junctions and built-up sections along the
project road. Vehicular underpasses of 5.5m vertical clearance with double vent
(2X12m) for SH & MDR and single vent (1X12m) for other important roads are
proposed. Light Vehicular underpass of 4.5m vertical clearance with single vent
(1X12m) is proposed at required locations.
Project Section Vehicular Underpass Light Vehicular
Underpass Double Vent Single Vent
Section - 1 0 5 3
Section - 2 3 3 3
Section – 3 2 4 1
Section – 4 6 3 3
Section – 5 3 3 7
Total 14 18 17
12 Bridges and Culverts
The project road crosses two Rivers, i.e. Cooum River and Kosathalai River, and
number of tanks, channela, nallahs, back water, Buckingham canal, etc. Bridges are
proposed for these waterway crossings.
13 Junction Improvements
The project has two major at-grade junctions which are designed as per IRC
guidelines and type design of Intersections proposed by MoRT&H. The junction of
NPAR with Link Road is designed as a 3-arm at-grade junction and Poonjeri junction,
end of project report, is designed as at-grade junction with elliptical roundabout
covering project junction and ECR-OMR junction. Necessary channelizing island,
sign boards, markings are proposed at the junctions. Landscaping is proposed on the
islands and high mast lights are proposed to illuminate the junction area.
The project road has 56 minor junctions formed by low category cross roads with the
proposed service road which are designed as per IRC guidelines with adequate turning
radius, sign boards, marking, speed breakers, etc. The traffic from these cross roads
shall merge with service road and crossing through the next available vehicular
underpass. No direct entry/exit is permissible from the cross roads to the Main
carriageway of Peripheral Road except at Interchanges.
14 Project Furniture
Cautionary, mandatory and informatory signs are proposed for the elevated road and
interchanges main carriageway, service road and other project facilities, depending on
the situation and function they perform, in accordance with the IRC: 67-2012.
To regulate the traffic and for the psychological awareness to the road user, edge lane
marking, lane markings, chevron markings, stop line, zebra crossing are also proposed
at required locations.
As the crash barriers are proposed throughout the project, delineators are proposed at
super elevated sections only with 30-40m spacing. The hazard markers are proposed
in curved stretches at the crash barriers of structures like interchanges, underpasses,
bridges, etc and the object hazard markers are proposed at the start of concrete crash
barrier of these structures.
Road studs are proposed at the edge lane marking, acceleration lane, deceleration
lane, weaving portion, chevron markings, entry/exit ramps, bus bays, zebra crossings,
etc as per IRC:SP:87-2013.
The semi rigid, Thrie beam type steel barrier is proposed all along the project road at
central median, divider/earthen shoulder and footpath.
The flashing beacons are proposed for the safety purpose at the at-grade junction in
underpasses, truck parking locations, entry/exit ramps and rest area locations.
15 Project Facilities
The project facilities including access facilities, pedestrian facilities, lighting, truck
parking, bus bays, rest areas, etc are proposed as per the standards.
The project road is designed as access controlled road due to its high-speed traffic
movement. Two lane service road is proposed on both sides of Main Carriageway,
separated by divider. Also no median opening is proposed in the project road.
There is no direct access is provided for the Main Carriageway. Entry and exit ramps
along with separate lane for acceleration and deceleration are provided to facilitate
safe access between Main Carriageway and Service Road. The layout and geometry
for entry and exit ramps are designed as per IRC: SP: 84-2014.
Project Section Separate Entry/Exits Combined
Entry/Exit Ramp Entry Ramp Exit Ramp
Section - 1 5 4 4
Section - 2 6 6 2
Section – 3 5 5 4
Section – 4 0 0 0
Section – 5 3 3 4
Total 19 18 14
Footpaths are proposed on both sides of the project road throughout the length
including waterway crossings. The width of footpath is 2m in Section 1, 3m in
Section 2, 3 & 5 and 2.5m in Section 4. No exclusive pedestrian crossing facility is
proposed in the project whereas the pedestrian can cross the project road through
underpasses. The underpasses are proposed in the built-up locations also to facilitate
pedestrian crossing the road. The bus bays are located adjacent to the underpasses to
increase the access for pedestrian. At-grade pedestrian crossings are proposed for all
the intersections with adequate signs, zebra markings, studs, speed breakers, etc.
Highway lighting is proposed throughout the project road to illuminate the roadway
by single arm and double arm light poles based on the requirements. Additional
lighting is proposed in the truck parking, rest areas and entry/exit ramps. Lighting is
proposed inside the underpasses for safe movement of vehicles and pedestrian. High
mask lights are proposed at interchanges and major at-grade junctions.
Truck lay-byes are proposed on the main carriageway as per the layout given in
IRC:SP:87-2013. The places are selected based on the geometry of highway without
interference with other facilities of the project road. Five truck lay byes are proposed
in each section of the project road and one truck lay bye is proposed in the link road.
The proposed peripheral road is designed for high speed vehicles/fright movement,
and is designed as access controlled facility, so the local bus transport should be in the
service roads only. This will enable the bus traffic movement between cross roads and
through the project alignment. Bus bays are proposed in the service roads, adjacent to
underpasses to facilitate pedestrian crossings. The layout of bus bays is proposed as
per the guidelines of IRC:SP:87-2013. The bus shelters are proposed in each bus bay
for passengers. The shelters are designed as structurally safe, aesthetic in appearance
and also being functional to protect the waiting passengers from sun, wind and rain.
Totally 68 number of bus bays are proposed in the project road.
Section - 1: 12 Nos. & Link Road: 2 Nos.
Section - 2: 17 Nos.
Section - 3: 15 Nos.
Section - 5: 22 Nos.
The rest areas are proposed in the project as suggested in IRC:SP:87-2013 with the
facilities like toilets, telephones, cafeteria, restaurant, parking for cars, buses and
trucks, dormitory, rest rooms, fuel stations, etc. Two rest areas are proposed in each
section of the project road.
Landscape treatment of the project road shall be designed through planting of trees
and ground cover of appropriate varieties and landscaping of locations but not limited
to such as on surplus land to the RoW, median, divider and island strip.
15 Utilities
There are various over ground and underground utilities along and across the project
corridor in entire length of the project road. The utilities, which will be affected due to
implementation of the project, shall be shifted before start the construction activities.
Utility shifting plan is prepared and the utility shifting cost for the project is
estimated as Rs. 68 Cr.
16 Additional Land Requirement
The project road is predominantly in new alignment which requires acquisition of
private land and alienation of government land, except in Section-4 where the
improvements are proposed within existing RoW. The project road will involve
acquisition of around 665 ha of private land and alienation of around 135 ha of
government land. The cost of compensation for 800.59 ha land is estimated as Rs.
3800 Cr.
17 Environmental Impact Assessment
Environmental impact assessment indicates that there is no major environmental
concerns in construction of the project road, minor impacts will be mitigated through
environmental management plan. The starting stretch of Section 1 requires CRZ
clearance from competent authority.
The Section 3 and 5 of project road is passing through forest area for a total length of
around 2 km. Hence the project requires forest land of around 10.23 ha.
The project is expected to lead to cutting of about 4797 trees. Out of which 806 trees
will be felled and remaining 3991 trees with girth size below 900mm will be
transplanted. The 806 tree felling will be compensated by planting 8060 trees at 1:10
ratio.
18 Social Impact Assessment and Resettlement Action Plan
The project will have social impact in terms of loss of livelihood or shelter for which
suitable resettlement action plan is prepared. The project affects 616 title holders, 4
encroachers, 328 squatters, 255 tenants and 89 common properties.
19 Cost Estimate
Detailed cost estimate have been worked out based on Rate Analysis /Current
Schedule of Rates (2016-17)/Local Market rates and latest data approved by
MoRT&H. Project cost, excluding land acquisition cost, is estimated as Rs. 6175 Cr.
20 Conclusion and Recommendations
The project corridor will be an important transport corridor and provide better
connectivity around Chennai. This road will connect all the major radial roads
including four National Highways and Ennore & Kattupalli Ports which accelerate
industrial and economic growth of the State. As a whole, formation of Peripheral road
will save travel time/distance of bypass-able traffic and improve Port connectivity.
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