Brazil and South-South Cooperation · South-South Cooperation Paulo Esteves BRICS Policy Center ....

Brazil and

South-South Cooperation Paulo Esteves

BRICS Policy Center

Brazil and South South Cooperation

1. Overview

2. Comparing Brazil SSC practices and ODA

3. SSC: Brazil and the BRICS

4. Conclusion

1. Overview

✓Brazil and the practices of SSC:

2000 1970 1990

Growing presence in

the field of International

Cooperation (8% in

2010 according to WB)

Structural Adjustment

and Economic

Reforms

Revisionist Agenda;

Brazil starts SSC;

China and India already

in the field;

1. Overview

✓ Brazilian promises for SSC:

• Reciprocity and mutual benefits;

• Respect for National Sovereignty;

• Non Conditionality;

• Demand-driven;

✓ Main Modalities (COBRADI):

• Humanitarian Aid;

• Scholarships;

• Technical and scientific cooperation;

• Contribution for International Organizations;

• Peacekeeping Operations;

1. Overview

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

US$ % US$ % US$ % US$ % US$ %

Humanitarian Aid 749.9 0.31 3,290.9 0.91 17,896.2 5.59 15,584.6 4.83 43,521.2 12.02

Scholarships 35.477.5 14.6 33,630.9 9.34 31,722.5 9.9 37,025.4 11.46 22,237 6.14

Technical Cooperation 17.551.3 7.22 19,540.1 5.43 20,031.3 6.25 30,775.6 9.53 48,872.4 13.49

Contributions for IO’s 189.164.8 77.86 303,536.3 84.32 250,633.9 78.25 239,573.7 74.18 247,579.6 68.35

Total 242,943.4 100 359,998.3 100 320,284.0 100 322,959.4 100 362,210.1 100

✓Brazilian expenditure in

SSC:

Source: IPEA, 2011

1. Overview

✓Brazilian Technical Cooperation (how much?):

Evolution of annual resources invested in Technical Cooperation – 2005-2009 (R$ in millions)

Source: IPEA, 2011

1. Overview

✓Brazilian Technical Cooperation (with whom?):

Technical Cooperation by Regions - 2005-2009 (R$ constant values)

Source: IPEA, 2011

1. Overview

✓Brazilian SSC main partners (with whom?):

• Latin America - Mercosul;

• Africa - PALOP;

1. Overview

✓Brazilian Technical Cooperation (what?):

Technical Cooperation / Sectors - 2009 (%)

Source: ABC, apud Mello e Souse, 2012

1. Overview ✓Brazilian Technical Cooperation (what):

Technical Cooperation - modalities of expenditure 2005-2009

(current values in millions RS$)

Source: IPEA, 2011

1. Overview

✓Brazilian Organizational Structure for Managing

SSC: MRE (Ministry of

Foreign Affairs)

ABC

EMBRAP

A

FIOCRUZ

SENAI

Partners

1. Overview

✓Brazilian Organizational Structure for Managing SSC:

MRE (Ministry of

Foreign Affairs)

ABC

EMBRAP

A

FIOCRUZ

SENAI

Partners

Presidency

BNDES

VALE

Petrobrás

Odebrecht

1. Overview

✓Brazilian Organizational Structure for Managing SSC:

- Lack of Legal Framework;

- Decision and execution:

o Relative Autonomy of Agencies;

o Bureaucratic competition?

o Coordination?

o Assessment;

1. Overview

✓Brazilian SSC practices (why?):

- Political reasons:

o Global Level: UNSC / Global Governance;

o Regional Level: Hegemony or influence / stability;

- Economic:

o Trade (market access);

o Investment;

o Access to natural resources;

o Defense;

2. Comparing Brazil SSC practices and ODA

✓Principles;

✓Expenditure:

✓Partners:

✓Sectors;

✓Organizational Structure;

3. SSC: Brazil and the BRICS

✓Principles;

✓Expenditure:

✓Partners:

✓Sectors;

✓Organizational Structure;

4. Conclusion

✓Principles:

o Accountability (?)

o Demand driven (?)

o Non conditionality (?)

✓Partners:

✓Organizational Structure;

✓Reporting;

✓Assessing;

Thank

you