Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law Gay-Lusaac’s Law · • Boyle’s Law • Charles’s Law •...

So far...• Boyle’s Law

• Charles’s Law

• Gay-Lusaac’s Law

• Next up:

• Combined gas law

• Avogadro’s Law

Wednesday, May 22, 2013

Combined Gas Law• If we put together Boyle’s, Charles’s and

Gay-Lusaac’s law, we get:

Don’t forget, temperature must be in KELVIN!

Try it!

Given:

Try it!

How many litres of CO2 & H2O?

Combining Volumes• We can use this law (and balanced equations) to

predict amounts of gas needed or produced in a reaction

• CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 + 2 H2O

• This reaction is at constant T, P

• How much oxygen is needed to react with 10 L of CH4 ?

• 20 L

Try it! • What volume of CO2 is produced from

complete combustion of 1000 L of C2H5OH (ethanol)?

• C2H5OH + 3 O2 → 2 CO2 + 3 H2O

• 2000 L

Avogadro’s Law • Yes, that same Avogadro!

• Avogadro’s law states that gases with the same volume (at the same temperature and pressure) should have the same number of particles

Molar Volume

• At STP, 1 mol of any gas will have a volume of 22.4 L!

Try it!

• Find moles of Mg using n = m/M

• n = 0.590 g/24.31 g/mol n = 0.02427 mol

• Find moles of O2 using equation: 0.01214 mol of O2

• Convert moles of O2 into volume

• V = nRT/P = 0.283 dm3

Try it!

• Find moles of Cl2 using molar volume: 1 mol = 22.4 dm3

• x 0.355 x=0.01585

• Use the mole ratio to find moles of PCl3.

• 6 moles Cl2 = 4 moles PCl3

• 0.01585 x x = 0.010 mol of PCl3

• Convert back to mass: m = nM = 0.010 x 137.32 = 1.45 g

Try it!

• p. 542 #1,2,5

• p. 549 #11,12,14

How does knowledge of the gas laws help us

treat disease?

The Ideal Gas Law• So far, we have looked at 3 equations:

• If we combine them together:

• Tossing in a constant, R, we get:

• PV = nRT

Try it!

Summary

Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law Gay-Lusaac’s Law · • Boyle’s Law • Charles’s Law •...

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