View
2
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
Botany
Study of Plant Life
Bonnie Pavlak, CPH
http://www.biologyjunction.com/images/plantbody.jpg
The Plant Cell
The Plant Cell What 2 features of a plant cell are not
found in an animal cell?
Cell Wall
Chloroplasts
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
CO2 + H20 + LIGHT =SUGAR + OXYGEN
OCCURS IN THE CHLOROPLAST
RESPIRATION
Sugar + O2 = CO2 + H2O + ENERGY
Occurs in the MITOCHONDRIA
Do animals respire? Plants?
TRANSPIRATION WATER VAPOR EVAPORATES FROM
THE STOMATA THIS PULLS THE WATER AND
MINERALS UP FROM THE ROOTS EVAPORATION ALSO COOLS THE
PLANT GAS EXCHANGE O2 CO2
Minerals in Soil
N P K Ca Mg SB Cu Fe Na Cl Mn Mo Zn Si
STOMA (pl. stomata) Pore on under side of
Leaf
Guard Cells Open & Close
Transpiration Pulls Water Up from roots
Categorizing Plants by Length of LifeName Definition Examples
AnnualLives for one growing season
Sunflower, Verbena, Zinnia, Petunia, Coleus
BiennialLives for two growing seasons
Carrot, Onion, Hollyhock, Foxglove
PerennialSurvives for many growing seasons
Coneflower, Daylilies, Hosta, Peonies
TAXONOMY - classification Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Protista - Algae Kingdom Monera - Bacteria Kingdom Animalia
PLANT KINGDOM Mosses & Liverworts Horsetails Club Mosses Ferns Gymnosperms Angiosperms
Monocots Dicots
Mosses & Liverworts No circulatory system
Horsetails Scouring Rush
Club Mosses – Lycopodium
Spores used as flash powder
This image cannot currently be displayed.
Ferns Sorus(i) (spore case) Fiddleheads
GYMNOSPERMS Vascular
Tissue Seeds Cones
(Conifers) No Flowers
Examples: Cycads Ginkgo Conifers
CYCADS Primitive Seed Plant Cone Bearing Mesozoic Era 200 million years ago Subtropical Looks like a palm Called ‘Sago Palm’ Not a palm
GINKGO Ginkgo biloba “Living Fossil” 270 million years ago Thought extinct Survived in Chinese
temple gardens May live 3,000 years
CONIFERS
ANGIOSPERMS
MONOCOTS & DICOTSCOTYLEDON – SEED LEAF
LATIN BINOMIALS Carl Linnaeus - 2 Names Genus (capitalized) specific epithet (never capitalized) Acer rubrum (Italics) Salix babylonica L. (Underline) Gleditsia tricanthos var. inermis
(variety) Thornless Common Honeylocust – naturally occurring
‘Cultivar’ – intentionally cultivated
SEEDS
THE LEAF
Monocot – Parallel Veins Dicot – Net Veins
The Herbaceous Stem
Scattered Vascular Bundles Ring of Vascular Bundles
Bamboo – scattered vascular bundles
Woody Dicot Stem
Monocots do not have woody stems
Vascular Tissue Xylem – conducts ___________________ Phloem – conducts __________________
Cambium – makes xylem towards the inside of the tree and makes phloem towards the outside of the tree
Do Monocots have Cambium? Y N
The Flower
Pollination Male sex cell
produced by the stamen ______
Female sex cell produced by the ovary________
Ovary becomes _____________
Ovules becomes _____________
Monocots have 3 or multiples of 3 Flower Parts
Dicots have 2, 4 & 5 or multiples of 2,4 & 5 Flower Parts
Leaf Types
Palmately Compound Leaf
The linked image cannot be displayed. The file may have been moved, renamed, or deleted. Verify that the link points to the correct file and location.
Leaf Arrangement
Opposite Alternate Whorled
Cross Section of a Leaf
DifferencesMonocots Dicots
Leaf Veins# Flower Parts
# CotyledonsVascular BundlesHave Cambium Y N
Review What are the 2 parts of the scientific
Name?
If the flowers in an orange orchard died in a heavy frost, would the trees produce fruit?
Plant Hormonesand FunctionCytokinins Growth
Gibberellins Gravity
Ethylene Aging, Touch
Abscisic Acid Dormancy, Closes Stoma
Auxin Responds to Light
Apical Dominance - pruning
Auxin, a hormone produced in the terminal bud inhibits lateral bud development until removed
terminal bud — a bud that is at the tip of a stem or branch
bud scale — a small modified leaf on the outside of a bud
lateral bud — a bud that is situated along the sides of a branch and not at the tip
lenticel — a corky spot on the bark which originally permitted air to enter the twig
Anatomy of a Twig
leaf scar — the scar left on a twig when a leaf falls
bud scale scar — scar left on a twig when a bud scale falls
bundle trace — dot-like scars within a leaf scar (Xylem & Phloem)
node — the place on a twig where a leaf is attached
internode — the part of a twig between two nodes
pith — central, usually soft portion of a twig
Twig Labels
Recommended