Book of Hours in Dutch, Walters Art Museum MS. W.918

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcodePublished 2011

A digital facsimile of Walters Ms. W.918, Book of Hours in Dutch

Published by: The Walters Art Museum600 N. Charles Street Baltimore, MD 21201

http://www.thewalters.org/

This document is a digital facsimile of a manuscript belonging to the Walters Art Museum, inBaltimore, Maryland, in the United States. It is one of a number of manuscripts that have beendigitized as part of a project generously funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities,and by an anonymous donor to the Walters Art Museum. More details about the manuscripts atthe Walters can be found by visiting The Walters Art Museum's website www.thewalters.org. Forfurther information about this book, and online resources for Walters manuscripts, please contactus through the Walters Website by email, and ask for your message to be directed to the Departmentof Manuscripts.

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Shelf mark Walters Art Museum Ms. W.918

Descriptive Title Book of Hours in Dutch

Text title Book of Hours

Abstract This Book of Hours was created in Zwolle, Netherlands,ca. 1470. It belongs to the group of “Sarijs manuscripts,”which was named after the erroneous citation in most worksthat identifies the manuscripts as belonging to the samegroup of “Sarijs” instead of “Marijs” on January 19 of theircalendars (also found in W. 918). In a study of this groupby Lydia Wierda, the author suggests that these manuscriptswere copied by students at the school of the Brethrenof the Common Life in Zwolle and also decorated andillustrated in that city (although possibly by professionalilluminators) during the period ca. 1470-90 (see Wierda,De Sarijs-handschriften). All of the principal decorativeschemes and motifs in W.918, as well as the compositions ofits miniatures, have close counterparts in other manuscriptsbelonging to the group.

Date Ca. 1470 CE

Origin Zwolle, Netherlands

Artist Supplied name: Masters of the Zwolle Bible

Form Book

Genre Devotional

Language The primary language in this manuscript is Dutch; Flemish.

Support material Parchment

Well-finished, thin to medium-weight, cream-coloredparchment

Extent Foliation: i+192+iiModern pencil foliation in upper right corners on rectos;flyleaves of seventeenth-century laid paper

Collation Formula: i, 1-2(6), 3(10,-10), 4-6(8), 7(6), 8-9(8), 10(10,-1),11-12(8), 13(14,-1,2), 14-15(8), 16(8,-1), 17(10-10), 18(8),19(6-1,2), 20(10,-10), 21-23(8), 24(6,-1), 25(6), ii

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Catchwords: None

Signatures: None

Comments: Quires begin on fols. 1(1), 7(2), 13(3),22(4), 30(5), 38(6), 46(7), 52(8), 60(9), 68(10), 77(11),85(12), 93(13), 105(14), 113(15), 121(16), 128(17), 137(18),145(19), 149(20), 158(21), 166(22), 174(23), 182(24),187(25); slice marks near the gutter on fol. 51 suggestingthat a miniature has been excised before the beginning ofthe Hours of the Cross on fol. 52r (possibly the Agonyin the Garden of Gethsemane that is now cut down andpasted in as fol. 104v, if not a different subject, such as theCrucifixion); as indicated by a stub after fol. 84, probablylacking a full-page miniature formerly inserted before thebeginning of the Hours of the Holy Spirit on fol. 77r (possiblyPentecost); possibly lacking a full-page miniature formerlyinserted before the beginning of the Hours of the EternalWisdom on fol. 105r (subject uncertain); miniature of theAgony in the Garden of Gethsemane, which has been pastedonto a blank verso as fol. 104v, not a customary subject toillustrate the text, and with its inner edge not matching thecontours of the stub before fol. 105 appears to have beenadded

Dimensions 9.8 cm wide by 14.4 cm high

Written surface 6.0 cm wide by 8.6 cm high

Layout Columns: 1Ruled lines: 19Ruled in brown ink (single bounding lines, full across)

Contents fols. 1r - 192r:Title: Book of HoursHand note: Written in Gothic bookhandDecoration note: Four full-page miniatures surviving;six half-page historiated initials (10 lines) with wideborders; twenty-nine small decorative initials (5 lines)in gold against blue and pink grounds with foliategrowths in the margins; small undecorated initials in red

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and blue throughout (1-2 lines); KL in calendar in blueon rectos; rubrics in red; text in brown ink

fols. 1r - 12v:Title: CalendarRubric: JanuariusText note: Calendar almost full; Use of Utrecht; gradedin red and blackDecoration note: KL in blue on rectos

fols. 13v - 51r:Title: Hours of the VirginRubric: Hier beghint die vrouwen tijdeIncipit: Here du salte opdoenDecoration note: Full-page miniature on fol. 13v;historiated initial on fol. 14r

fols. 52r - 76v:Title: Long Hours of the CrossRubric: Hier beghint die cruces ghetideIncipit: Here Ihesu Christe wi aenbedenDecoration note: Full-page miniature missing beforefol. 52; historiated initial on fol. 52r

fols. 77r - 103r:Title: Long Hours of the Holy SpiritRubric: Hier beghint die hilige geest tideIncipit: Here du salte opdoenDecoration note: Full-page miniature missing beforefol. 77; historiated initial on fol. 77r

fols. 104v - 127r:Title: Hours of the Eternal WisdomRubric: Hier beghint die wijsheits getideIncipit: Mijne siele hevet die begheertDecoration note: Full-page miniature on fol. 104v;historiated initial on fol. 105r

fols. 128v - 148r:Title: Seven Penitential Psalms and litanyRubric: Hier beghint die seuen PsalmeIncipit: Here in dijnre uerbolghentheit

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Text note: St. Martin the first confessor in the litany, St.Agnes the first virginDecoration note: Full-page miniature on fol. 128v;historiated initial on fol. 129r

fols. 149v - 186v:Title: Office of the DeadRubric: Hier beghint die langhe vigiliIncipit: Mij hebben ommebeuanghenDecoration note: Full-page miniature on fol. 149v;historiated initial on fol. 150r

fols. 187r - 192r:Title: Prayers and suffragesContents: Fol. 187r-v: for Communion: Vandenhilighen sacramente (O here huden beghere ic toeontfaen) [Achten-Knaus, 4, fol. 152r]; fols. 187v-188r:after Communion: Na die ontfancnis (Danc seg ic iualmachtighe God wanttu mi onweerdighe) [version ofGratias tibi ago, Domine sancte, pater omnipotens,eterne Deus ... from the missal, Achten-Knaus, 3, fol.178r]; fols. 188r-189r: to Mary: Van onse vrou (Oalre heilichste O alre soetste O alre guedertierenste)[version of Achten-Knaus, 29, fol. 205v(?), see W.165,fol. 97v]; fol. 189r-v: to one’s guardian angel: Van dinenenghel (O heilighe enghel mijns) [Meertens, VI, 18,20] + Vs, collect; fols. 189v-190r: to St. Barbara: Vansancte Barbara (O heilighe martelaersche cristi Barbara)[Lieftinck, p. 209, fol. 213v]; fols. 190v-192r: to St.Erasmus: Van sancte Herasmus hilige martelar (SancteHerasme heilige martelaer) [Meertens, VI, 3, 17] + Vs,collect

Decoration fol. 13v:Title: AnnunciationForm: Full-page miniatureText: Hours of the Virgin

fol. 14r:Title: Initial "H" with the Apocalyptic Madonna andChild

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Form: Historiated initial "H," 10 linesText: Hours of the Virgin: matins

fol. 52r:Title: Initial "H" with Man of Sorrows accompanied bythe Arma ChristiForm: Historiated initial "H," 10 linesText: Hours of the Cross: matins

fol. 77r:Title: Initial "H" with the Throne of Grace TrinityForm: Historiated initial "H," 10 linesText: Hours of the Holy Spirit: matins

fol. 104v:Title: Agony in the Garden of GethsemaneForm: Full-page miniatureText: Hours of the Eternal Wisdom

fol. 105r:Title: Initial "M" with Christ blessingForm: Historiated initial "M," 10 linesText: Hours of the Eternal Wisdom: matins

fol. 128v:Title: Last JudgmentForm: Full-page miniatureText: Seven Penitential Psalms

fol. 129r:Title: Initial "H" with King David kneeling in prayerForm: Historiated initial "H," 10 linesText: Seven Penitential Psalms

fol. 149v:Title: Harrowing of hellForm: Full-page miniatureText: Office of the Dead

fol. 150r:Title: Initial "M" with two souls praying in purgatoryForm: Historiated initial "M," 10 linesText: Office of the Dead

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Binding The binding is not original.

Late seventeenth-century Dutch binding; cream- coloredvellum over pasteboard, gold-tooled; outer frame of doublegold fillets enclosing an inner frame of the same, withcanted gold crowns at the outside of each of the four corners(possibly bound in Amsterdam, ca. 1695 in the workshop ofAlbert Magnus; a virtually identical binding reproduced inFoot, Eloquent Witnesses); sewn on five raised bands; spinegold-tooled in six panels; edges speckled red

Provenance Created by the "Sarijs group" of the Brethren of the CommonLife in Zwolle, Netherlands, ca. 1470 (armorial device foundon fol. 52r, but may be decorative and not indicate originalownership)

Charles W. Reynell, London, ca. 1860 (ownership inscriptionin ink on back pastedown)

C. H. Reynell, Memphis, Tennessee, by descent (his sales atSotheby's, London, July 5-7, and July 26-28, 1937)

Dmitri Tselos, Minnesota, 1941, by purchase in Europe

George Tselos and Susan E. Tselos, by descent

Acquisition Museum purchase and partial donation by George Tselos andSusan E. Tselos in memory of their father, Dimitri Tselos,2006. Purchased through Michael Laird.

Bibliography Wierda, Lydia S. De Sarijs-handschriften. Studie naar eengroep laat-middeleeuwse handschriften uit de IJsselstreek(voorheen toegeschreven aan de Agnieteberg bij Zwolle).Zwolle, Netherlands: Wanders, 1995.

Foot, Mirjam M., ed. Eloquent Witnesses: Bookbindings andtheir History. New Castle, DE: Oak Knoll Press, 2004, p. 46,fig. 9.

Contributors Principal cataloger: Marrow, JamesCatalogers: Herbert, Lynley; Walters Art Museum curatorialstaff and researchers since 1934Editors: Herbert, Lynley; Noel, WilliamCopy editor: Bockrath, DianeConservators: Owen, Linda; Quandt, Abigail

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Contributors: Bockrath, Diane; Boot, Christine; Dutschke,Consuelo; Emery, Doug; Noel, William; Pizzinato, Riccardo;Tabritha, Ariel; Toth, Michael B.; Valle, Chiara

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcodePublished 2009

The Walters Art Museum600 N. Charles StreetBaltimore, Maryland

21201http://www.thewalters.org/

This document is a digital facsimile of a manuscript belonging to the Walters Art Museum, inBaltimore, Maryland, in the United States. It is one of a number of manuscripts that have beendigitized as part of a project generously funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities,and by an anonymous donor to the Walters Art Museum. More details about the manuscripts atthe Walters can be found by visiting The Walters Art Museum's website www.thewalters.org. Forfurther information about this book, and online resources for Walters manuscripts, please contactus through the Walters Website by email, and ask for your message to be directed to the Departmentof Manuscripts.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcodePublished 2009

The Walters Art Museum600 N. Charles StreetBaltimore, Maryland

21201http://www.thewalters.org/