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8/6/2019 Bizarre EMI Incidents
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1BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
Naval EMC CentreMumbaiWelcomes you to
Bizarre EMIIncidents
Lt Cdr A Saxena
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2BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
Patients arm amputated blood
circulation monitoring system failed dueto plastic welding machine.
Security breached data loaded on a PC
by wireless keyboard in another room 150metres away.
Ships data-log failure automated
system resets every night at 2300 hrs.
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3BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
Bizarre yet True !!
Welcome t o the
wor ld o fEMI
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4BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
IntroductionHow Interference Takes PlaceSources of EM EnergyCoupling Paths
Bizarre Incidents
Aviation
MedicalGeneral Engineering
Naval
Way - Points
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5BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
All electronic equipmentemit EM energy.
When coupled to otherdevices, this energy candegrade their
performance - called EMI.
ELECTROMAGNETICINTERFERENCE
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6BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
All three elementsmust exist together
for EMI to occur
Source Victim
Coupling Path
EMI
Conduction Radiation
ELEMENTS OF EMI
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Natural: Due to Natural Phenomena.Solar/Cosmic/Thunderstorm/Lightning
Incidental: From Sources, Not Intended to
Radiate.Functional: From Sources, Intended to
Radiate.
Secondary Sources: Interaction of EMEnergy and other metallic structures likeframes, hull etc.
SOURCES OF EMI
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Designed to radiate energy during normaloperation
OWN JAMMERS
MISSILESEEKERHEADS
COMMUNICATIONLINKS
(SHIPS / AIRCRAFTS/ UAV / MISSILES)
RADARS
FUNCTIONAL SOURCES
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Not designed to radiate EM energy
DC MOTORS
ELECTRICALCONTROLLER
S
ENGINES&
IGNITERS
COMPUTERS POWERLINES
WELDINGMACHINES
FLUORESCENT LIGHTING
INCIDENTAL SOURCES
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ConductedPower lines
Signal lines
Radiated
Directly on systemOn to cables connected to the system
COUPLING PATHS
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CommonPowerSupply
Source of Transient/ EMI
Victim
ConductedEmission
POWER LINE CONDUCTED
EMI
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13BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
CommonUtility
SignalSource 1
SignalSource 2
Power Supply
Power Supply
SIGNAL LINE CONDUCTED EMI
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14BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
Weather Deck
Tx Rx
14
ANTENNA TO ANTENNACOUPLING
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15BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
Upper-deck Cable
15
Victim
TopsideEquipment
Below Deck
Above Deck
Tx
ANTENNA TO CABLE COUPLING
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16BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
Victim Victim
16
Equipment connected toInterference
SourceInterference
Source
CABLE TO CABLE COUPLING
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Could be intriguing
Might be amusing
Certainly be educative
BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
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Kennedy Space Centre1990sNASA reference publication1374Erroneous signal detectedduring on-pad checkoutPotential threat of launch
failure
Incident # 1 Saturn
launch vehicle
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19BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
Signal not traced toany known source. Inter-modulationproducts formed at non-
linear junction onimproperly bondedhinged cable traycovers and chain
handrails on gantryframe. Spurious signalscapable of engine cutoff command and arm &
Analysis
Chain handrails ongantry frame
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20BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS 20
F1
F2
F2
F1
F1
F2
F1
F2
F2
F1F1
F2
The badOne !
Inter Modulation Interference
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21BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS 21
F1
F2
F2
F1F1
F2
F1
F2
F1
F2
F1
F2
F1
F2
Non-linear
Junction
Inter Modulation Interference
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22BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
Non-linear Junction
22
F3 F3 = mF1 +nF2
Inter Modulation Interference
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23BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
ITEM 2002, pages 54-
60. Airplane navigation &communication eqptmalfunction when
flying through rain.
Incident # 2 Rain rain goaway
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24BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
Analysis Static charge on aircraft skin exceeds 100kV
during rain. High voltage caused arcing between poorlybonded surfaces.
Resultant broadband noise interferes with
on-board systems.
+ + + + + + + + + + + + ++ +
+ + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+
+ -
-
- -
- -
- - - -
- - - -
- - - Poorly
bonded
surface
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25BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
Gnd
V1
Gnd
Arc being formed due to non-conducting gap
Broadband Noise (BBN)
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Lightning appearedon Naval aircraft.
Pilot suffered fromblindness for 10-15secs.
Cockpit power failure.
In another flash, allpower restoredwithout any indicationof equipment
malfunction.
Incident # 3 Lightningcan and will strike
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27BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
Hobart, Tasmania Mid 90s New Scientist,
24th April 1999,page 100
Residents trappedin garages
Remote controlsfail
Incident # 4 Trapped inGarages
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USS Carl Vinsonentered harbour
Navigation radarat same frequencyas remotes
Malfunction due to
co-channelinterference
Analysis
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Co-channelinterference due
to improperallocation of frequencies.
Later on, coding
incorporated intoradio operatedcontrols toeliminate
interference.
Co-Channel Interference
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Incident # 5 Wheel Chair
MalfunctionEarly 2000IEEE International EMC
Symposium, Aug 2002A wheel chair suddenlydrove off a subway-platform.Handicapped personinjured critically.
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Chair activated due to digital telephone networkfield at 1.89 GHz.Chair tested for radiated susceptibility but onlytill 1 GHz.Manufacturer sentenced for putting unsafeproduct to market.
Analysis
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Sydney, AustraliaEarly 2000Graham Eckersall G4HFG/ W4HFG, 6th Jul 01Radio controlled garagedoors open and closerandomlySome refuse toopen/close at all
Incident # 6 Garage
Doors, yet again
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6 9 . 7 5 M H z
9 6 .9 M H z
Nova broadcasts - 96.9 MHzABC TV sound signal - 69.MHz
2 7 . 1 5 M H z
Analysis
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HMAS Huon & HMASAnzac
Early 2000 The Courier Mail, Feb
1st 2002 Near collision - HMAS
Huon loses controland veers across thebow of HMAS Anzac
Incident # 7 A CloseEncounter
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Analysis
Steering gear failureof Huan due to EMIfrom emitters onboard Anzac
Systems not tested toappropriate standards
Testing philosophyreviewed for all newlyinducted equipment
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EMI/EMC Testing
Testing as per Mil Std461 C/E mandatory forall equipment.
COTS equipmentprone to malfunctionin dense EMenvironment onboard.
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UK, 2002 www.roxtec.co.in Automatic logger on
passenger ferry resetswhile passing certainpoint on leavingharbour.
Always happened inevening, around 2300hrs.
Never occurred whilearrivin .
Incident # 8 Ship Data-Log Erased
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A l i
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AutoData
Logger
HotPlates
SupplyBreaker
Analysis
Ferry auto-logger
Hot plates in
galley turned off daily at 2300 hrs. Transient in
common power
supply causedauto-logger toreset.
A l i
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40BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
CADNode
CopyingMachine
SupplyBreakerNetworked CAD
Failures coincidedwith operation of adrawing copyingmachine.
Switching
transients injectedonto the ring main.
Analysis
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Yankee Station,Pacific Ocean
10:52 AM July 29,1967
Un-commandedrelease of missilefrom own aircraftparked on flight deck.
134 men killed, 27aircraft lost. Total loss
72 million dollars.
Incident # 10 ForrestalDisaster
A l i
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42BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS 42
Powerful fields at deck level from the shipsradar Incorrectly fitted shielded cable connector.Zuni rocket triggered.
Analysis
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43BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
Altincham, UK 1980s Stan Lomax of RTM
Group ltd, Mar 99 French make chart
recorder ran at double
speed on Saturdays
Incident # 11 Faster,
faster
A l i
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More TVs and radios inuse on Saturdays
Second harmonic
currents injected intothe mains Synchronous motors in
chart recorders
responds to 100 Hzdistortion Starts running twice as
fast
Analysis
N = 120 f /P
H i
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45BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
Harmonics
Harmonics aremultiples of theprimary frequency.
Can causeinterference wellbeyond the expectedband of operation.
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Netherly & Balbeggie,Scotland
Mid 1990s 7th International
Conference on Harmonicsand quality of Power (IEEE),Oct 1996
Payphones too noisy touse.
Rolling pictures on TV sets. Ringing on the supply to
fluorescent lighting circuits.
Incident # 12 No TV, notalk, only walk
A l i
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Two new oil pumpingstations installed.
33 KV power lines of induction drivespassing close to
residential areas. Higher orderharmonics (beyond100th) causing
interference.
Analysis
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Europe, 1990sCompliance Engineering
Magazines European editionSept/Oct 1994. Monitor/defibrillatorattached to heart patientshut down every timetechnicians used radiotransmitter for advice.
Patient dies.
Incident # 13 Medicaladvice causes death?
A l i
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Long range radio antenna fitted on
ambulance. Ambulance roof changed from metal tofiberglass
Significant reduction in EM shielding. Reduced shielding coupled with strongradiated power caused malfunction of equipment.
Analysis
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SHIELDING MODEL
Incident Energy
Reflected Energy
Shield
Absorptive Region
Penetrating Energy
I id # 14 I f
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New JerseyEarly 80s
Doug McKean, emc-pstc@iee.orgHigh infant deaths inIntensive Care SectionLate at night, the alarms onbabies monitors go off Annoyed nurses turns off alarm
Incident # 14 InfantMortality
Analysis
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Nearby TV transmitter allowed to increasedoutput wattage after midnight by FCC.Radiated noise coupled to un-shielded alarmcables.
Alarm
Nurse Stn
Cable
Analysis
Incident # 15 Stop that
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Incident # 15 Stop thatTrain
EuropeLate 90s
Jennifer Cortese,Melbourne, Dec 2000Certain type of locomotive passing by
radio station brakessuddenly. Oh comeon notagain!!!
Analysis
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Cables of temperaturesensor within tractionmotors not screened.Radio signals beingpicked up by sensorscausing the MCB to open.Modification veryexpensive as sensorswere mounted withinwindings of motors.
Analysis
Incident # 16 Cable TV
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Incident # 16 Cable TV,No TV
Set top box placed ontop of TV disruptspicture after 2-5minutes.Interference evenwhen no cablesconnected.All efforts bydesigners in vain.
A l i
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SETTOP BOXInterference due toMagnetic fields fromstereo speakers.Similar problemswith all metallicobjects.
Resolved byremoving Set-top boxfrom vicinity.
Analysis
I id t # 17 C k
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Incident # 17 Car park security
PortsmouthEaster 2001Anne Cameron, Alenia
Marconi Systems, 6th Jul01Cars parked insideshopping mall parking lotnot unlocking.Cars getting locked assoon as they are
unlocked.
I id t # 18 B th
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Incident # 18 BreathAnalysis
USARecentFrom an Ex-copFalse indications frombreath analyzer.People charged finedespite being innocent.
Anal sis
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EM radiations from video surveillancesystem interfere with car central locking andsecurity systems.Interference from the radio handsets causedmalfunctioning of breath analyzer
Analysis
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An Insight into the futurePossible article in Defence Review
Weekly, 2050
NATO Exercise Tech Savvy Forces
FailsGreat chaos as large portion of COTSequipment malfunctioned.
Attacking forces takeover, despite being on foot, armed only with vintage
equipment & communicating by shouting.
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Want to know more . . .
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