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What is a Client Server Model• It represents a central server sending a
whole file which clients are requesting for. (Connecting one-to-one directly)
• Files (Data) are primarily stored at server
• Clients won’t speak to each other except the server.
• It is a many (clients) to one (server) relationship
• HTTP & FTP are examples
Advantage(s):• Easy to set up
Disadvantage(s):• Large amount of bandwidth
and server resources to distribute a file, especially those very popular and large in size.
• Usually time consuming as there is a long queue that users have to wait through.
• Once the server is down, operations will cease across the network.
What is Peer-to-peer network
• It is a network without any file server or a centralized management source.
• All computers are considered equal; they all can share files without accessing to a server
• It is relatively faster than Client Server Model as clients can download a single file from multiple sources.
What is Bit Torrent (BT)
• It is a protocol designed for transferring files.
• It is a many (clients) to many (clients) relationship
• It is actually a “combination” of Peer to Peer Network and Client Server Model
Major terms in Bit Torrent
• Torrent – It is a small metadata file you receive from the web server (the one that ends in .torrent.)
• Metadata - It means the file contains information about the data you want to download, not the data itself.
• Seed - A complete copy of a certain torrent
• Tracker - A server which coordinate the action of BitTorrent clients.
How BT works• After BT users download a .torren
t file, they can start downloading files.
• While they are downloading, they are uploading them (act as a seed) at the same time.
• A tracker coordinates the action of all such peers. It only manages connections and therefore a large number of users can be supported with relatively limited tracker bandwidth.
Some Advantages of using BT
• As users upload and download at the same time, network bandwidth can be utilized very efficiently.
• The more users downloading, the faster the download rate is.
• If there are more than 1 seed, even 1 of them is not functioned well, the download process of other users will not stopped.
Some Disadvantages of using BT
• Give rise to illicit downloads
• Causing huge loss to authentic products sellers
Action done to deal with the problem
• TECHNOLOGY; In Hong Kong, a Jail Sentence for Online File-Sharing
• “A Hong Kong judge sentenced a 38-year-old unemployed man to three months in jail Monday for using an Internet file-sharing system to make three Hollywood movies available for others to download free. The jail sentence was the first ever meted out against a person copying movies using the BitTorrent” (extracted from NEW YORK TIMES)
Conclusion
• BT makes used of the technology of p2p to let other users to download files from different peers (users) instead of downloading from the main server only.
• It is stable and fast.
• If it is misused as a source to do any illegal activities, then it should be carefully monitored by the government
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