BIOLOGY 12 Cell Structure and Function Review. Section 7-2 Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Go to...

BIOLOGY 12

Cell Structure and Function Review

Section 7-2

Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells

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Animal Cell

Nucleus

Nucleolus

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function

1. Nucleus nickname: “The Control Center” function: holds the DNA includes:

nucleolus: dark spot in the middle of the nucleus that helps make ribosomes

Section 7-2

Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells

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Animal Cell

Nucleus

Nucleolus Ribosomes

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function

2. Ribosomes function: makes proteins found in all cells, prokaryotic and eukaryotic

Section 7-2

Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells

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Animal Cell

Nucleus

Nucleolus

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Ribosomes

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function

3. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) nickname: “Roads” function: the internal delivery system of the

cell

Endoplasmic Reticulum 2 types:

1. rough ER: rough appearance because it has

ribosomes function: helps make proteins, that’s why it

has ribosomes

Endoplasmic Reticulum cont.

2. Smooth ER:huge surface area for chemical reactions to take place

can have different functions depending on the cell type NO ribosomes function: makes fats or lipids

examples: synthesis of lipids metabolism of carbohydrates detoxification of drugs / poisons

Section 7-2

Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells

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Animal Cell

Nucleus

Nucleolus

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Ribosomes

Golgi Complex

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function

4. Golgi Complex nickname: “The Shippers” function: packages, modifies, and transports

materials to different location inside/outside of the cell

appearance: stack of pancakes

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function

5. Lysosomes: circular, membrane enclosed sacs of digestive enzymes

these enzymes can digest lipids, proteins, complex carbohydrates and nucleic acids

nickname: “Clean-up Crews” function: to break down food into particles the rest of

the cell can use and to destroy old cells.

-digest old cell parts

-intracellular digestion ex: WBC’s

Section 7-2

Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal CellsAnimal Cell

Nucleus

Nucleolus

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Ribosomes

Golgi Bodies

Mitochondria

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function

6. Mitochondria

site of cellular respiration converts chemical energy into ATP (usable energy)

double membrane organelle, contains own DNA and ribosomes

nickname: “The Powerhouse” function: energy formation

breaks down food to make ATP ATP: is the major fuel for all cell activities that

require energy

Animal Cell

Nucleus

Nucleolus

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Ribosomes

Golgi Bodies

Mitochondria

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Section 7-2

Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells

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Plant Cell

Cell Membrane

Vacuole

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function

7. Vacuoles function: stores water

this is what makes lettuce crisp when there is no water, the plant wilts

Section 7-2

Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells

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Plant Cell

Cell Membrane

Vacuole

Chloroplasts

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function

8. Chloroplasts

site of photosynthesis converts solar energy into chemical energy

double membrane organelle, contains own DNA and ribosomes.

function: traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant cell

green in color because of chlorophyll, which is a green pigment

chloroplasts

Section 7-2

Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells

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Plant Cell

Cell Membrane

Vacuole

Chloroplasts

Cell Wall

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function

9. Cell Wall function: provides support and protection to

the cell membrane found outside the cell membrane in plant

cells

Plant Cell

Cell Membrane

Vacuole

Chloroplasts

Cell Wall

Nucleolus

Nucleus

Rough ER

Smooth ER

Golgi Bodies

Mitochondria

Ribosomes

Cytoplasm

Mitochondria & ChloroplastWorking Together

http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/lsps07_int_cellenergy/

Comparing Plant and Animal CellsPlant Animal