Biogas potential in Upper Silesia region in Poland. Examples of utilization. Michał Skrzypczak,...

Biogas potential in Upper Silesia Biogas potential in Upper Silesia region in Poland. Examples of region in Poland. Examples of utilization.utilization.

Michał Skrzypczak, MSc. Eng.

VERT Energy Consulting

Conference ENEF 2006 – Banska Bystrica (SK) – 7-9.11.2006

The contents of the paperThe contents of the paper

IntroductionBiogas utilization in PolandBiogas potential in Upper Silesia

regionExamples of utilization: Żywiec,

Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski

IntroductionIntroduction

Biogas: flammable gas, which is produced as a result of methane fermentation, thanks to activity of methane bacteria. Organic compounds are changed into biogas and inorganic compounds in an oxygen-free environment.

IntroductionIntroduction

Conditions that favor methane fermentation:

temp. ca. 30 – 35 OC (mesophile f.)neutral or slightly alkaline reaction

(pH 7.0 – 7.5)period of detaining the substrate 12 –

36 days (mesophile f.)lack of light and oxygen

IntroductionIntroduction

Biogas is a mixture of the following compounds:

CH4: 40 – 85% (typical 55 – 65 %)

CO2

O2, H2S, N2, other: < 5 %

Typical calorific value: 5.5 – 6.5 kWh/m3 (19.8 – 23.3 MJ/m3)

IntroductionIntroduction

Typical biogas utilization:as fuel for boilers (heat production)as fuel for combustion engines

(electric energy production, if heat recovery is performed also heat production)

after CO2 separation, gas can be pressed into a gas grid (used in the same way as natural gas)

IntroductionIntroduction

Three main ways of biogas production: at sewage treatment plants: fermentation

of sludge at waste dumps:

a natural process which accompanies waste storage

at agricultural farms:

fermentation of animal and vegetable waste

Biogas utilization in PolandBiogas utilization in Poland

Biogas from sewage treatment plants:> 22 objects> 9.2 MWel

> 11.8 MWth

Biogas utilization in PolandBiogas utilization in Poland

Biogas from waste dumps:> 32 objects> 16.0 MWel

> 7.1 MWth

Biogas utilization in PolandBiogas utilization in Poland

Biogas from agricultural farms (and from food production industry):

< 10 objects< 5.0 MWel

Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia

2004 – 2005: determining the renewable energy resources at non-industrial areas of Upper Silesia region

Silesian voivodship consist of 170 communes, 22 communes (the biggest cities) have been excluded from the project

Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia

Orderer was:The Board of Silesian Voivodship

The project has been realized by:Polish Academy of Sciences, Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Kraków

The project has been financed by:The Voivodship Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management in Katowice

Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia

Theoretical and technical potential of biogas:

Theoretical potential has been assumed as maximum possible for gaining amount of power and energy from a certain source and certain area with total collecting the substance which is the source of biogas and with assuming lossless conversion of chemical energy into other effective forms of energy.

Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia

Theoretical and technical potential of biogas:

Technical potential has been assumed as maximum possible for gaining amount of power and energy from a certain source and certain area with such collecting the substance which is the source of biogas which is possible in reality and with assuming efficiency of conversion of chemical energy into other effective forms of energy according to available devices.

Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia

Theoretical potential of biogas from sewage treatment plants:

Data Results

Population: 1,960,402

Amount of sewage:

73,907,155 m3/yr.

Amount of biogas:

14,781,429 m3/yr.

Total power: 10,126 kW

Total energy: 319,279 GJ

Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia

Technical potential of biogas from sewage treatment plants:

Data Results

Only 10 objects:

> 5,000 m3/day

Amount of sewage:

36,938,000 m3/yr.

el = 35 % @ 100 % util.

th = 55 % @ 30 % util.

Amount of biogas:

2,955,040 m3/yr.

Total power: 1,821 kW

El. energy: 6,206 MWh/yr.

Heat: 10,531 GJ/yr.

Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia

Theoretical potential of biogas from waste dumps:

Data Results

Population: 1,960,402

Amount of waste:

594,002 Mg/yr.

Amount of biogas:

145,530,443 m3/yr.

Total power: 83,063 kW

Total energy:

2,619,548 GJ

Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia

Technical potential of biogas from waste dumps:

Data Results

Only 8 objects:

> 50 Mg/day

Amount of waste:

669,775 Mg/yr.

el = 35 % @ 100 % util.

th = 55 % @ 30 % util.

Amount of biogas:

11,721,063 m3/yr.

Total power: 6,022 kW

El. energy:

20,511 MWh/yr.

Heat: 34,812 GJ/yr.

Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia

Theoretical potential of biogas from animal farms:

Data Results

Cattle population:

142,644

Pigs population:

393,482

Poultry population:

12,141,284

Amount of biogas:

143,962,516 m3/yr.

Total power: 106,822 kW

Total energy:

3,368,721 GJ

Biogas potential in Upper SilesiaBiogas potential in Upper Silesia

Technical potential of biogas from animal farms:

Data Results

Only big objects:

> 100 cows (8.6 %)

> 500 pigs (13.5 %)

> 50,000 hens (68.8 %)

el = 35 % @ 100 % util.

th = 55 % @ 30 % util.

Amount of biogas:

33,714,807 m3/yr.

Total power: 22,516 kW

El. energy:

76,701 MWh/yr.

Heat: 130,174 GJ/yr.

Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization

Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.

Population: 32,199

Area: 50.57 km2

Population: 74,198

Area: 46.41 km2

Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization

Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization

Sewage treatment plant in Żywiec:

Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization

Sewage treatment plant in Ostrowiec Św.:

Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization

Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.

CHP unit: Viessmann

Vitobloc FG 114

Pel = 114 kW, = 34.0 %

Pth = 186 kW, = 55.5 %

Date of starting: 12.2001

Cost of investment:

620,000 PLN + VAT

(160,000 €)

CHP unit: Viessmann

Vitobloc FG 180

Pel = 180 kW, = 35.0 %

Pth = 270 kW, = 52.4 %

Date of starting: 09.2004

Cost of investment:

1,200,000 PLN + VAT

(310,000 €)

Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization

Amount of sewage

Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.

2003: 4,856,423 m3

2004: 5,118,321 m3

2005: 5,178,258 m3

average: 13,840 m3/day

2005: 4,872,704 m3

average: 13,350 m3/day

Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization

Amount of biogas

Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.

2003: 428,814 m3

2004: 516,539 m3

2005: 479,556 m3

average: 54.2 m3/h

Average calorific value:

23.5 MJ/m3

2005: 744,388 m3

average: 85.0 m3/h

Average calorific value:

22.7 MJ/m3

Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization

CHP worktime

Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.

2003: 7,500 h (85.6 %)

2004: 8,285 h (94.6 %)

2005: 7,930 h (90.5 %)

average: 7,905 h (90.2 %)

2005: no data available

Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization

CHP load

Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.

2003: 84.7 %

2004: 72.3 %

2005: 83.0 %

approx. 80.0 %

2005: 71.8 % (together with CHP worktime)

Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization

El. energy produced by CHP / Total el. energy used

Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.

2003: 24.6 %

2004: 23.6 %

2005: 26.8 %

average: 25.0 %

2005: 44.7 %

Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization

Heat produced by CHP / Total heat used

Żywiec Ostrowiec Św.

2003: 73.5 %

2004: 80.2 %

2005: 72.7 %

average: 75.5 %

2005: no data available

Examples of utilizationExamples of utilization

Income from selling el. energy from RES in Poland:

0.12 PLN/kWh (selling energy to local distributor, price fixed once a year)

average 0.30 PLN/kWh(0.077 €/kWh, 2.82 SKK/kWh)

0.14 – 0.21 PLN/kWh (selling certificate of origin energy from RES at stock or free market, maximum possible price is 0.24 PLN/kWh)

Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!

VERT Energy ConsultingBielsko-Biała, Poland

e-mail: biuro@skrzypczak.plweb-site:www.skrzypczak.pl

The company deals with problems of: reducing energy consumption reducing costs of energy purchase and production using Renewable Energy Sources