Bill Clinton -Foreign Policy

Bill Clinton -Foreign Policy

Clinton as a Peacemaker

Al Gore

Vice President

Madeline Albright

2nd Secretary of State

Key Foreign Policy Advisers

NAFTANorth American Free Trade Agreement

• Created largest free trade zone

Jobs– Lost 127,000 (beginning)– Created 2.5 million (end)

• Traded doubled between the 3 countries

Oslo Accords

Israel and the PLO

Oslo Accords• Created Palestinian

Authority (PA)– West Bank– Gaza Strip

• However, violence soon resumed on a more lethal scale

Treaty of Peace Israel and Jordan

• Normalized relations between the 2 countries

• US forgave a billion debt from Jordan

Military Coup in Haiti (1991)

Clinton failed to oust Haitian strong man Raoul Cedras

Haitian Boat People

Haiti (1994)

Jimmy Carter Colin Powell

Operation Uphold Democracy

Jean-Bertrand Aristide returned to power 1994

• US threatened to invade unless Cedras gives up power

• US planes in the air when Cedras gives up power

North Korea

Kim Il Sung (Died 1994)

Kim Jong Il -The Dear LeaderWanted World Respect

Making Nuclear Weapons

North Korea –Agreed Framework(October 21, 1994)

North Korea– Will freeze and dismantle

nuclear bomb making capability

– Inspectors permitted

United States– Provided $4 billion in aid

• Oil• Light-water nuclear reactors

Kim Jong Il -The Dear Leader• Has $4 billion in Swiss

bank accounts

• Owns 8 worldwide villas

• Bought 200 Mercedes S Class cars -$100,000

(1998)

• Owns over 200,000 movies

Vietnam

• Embargo lifted

–February 3, 1994

• Recognition

–July 11, 1995

Vietnam –Official VisitNovember 16, 2000

Yugoslavia “The powder keg of Europe”

• 6 republics• 5 nations• 4 languages• 3 religions• 2 alphabets• 1 political party

Communist Josip Tito Died 1980

Country goes into chaos

Break up of YugoslaviaIndependence

• Slovenia – June 25, 1991

• Croatia– June 25, 1991

• Macedonia– Sept. 8, 1991

• Bosnia-Herzegovina– April 6,1992

Serbia President Slobodan Milosevic

“The Butcher of the Balkans”

• “Where ever there is a Serb, there is Serbia.”

• Sent Serbian forces to “protect” Serbs in other

areas.– Croatia (1991)

– Bosnia-Herzegovina (1992)

Srebrenica, Bosnia July 13 – 22, 1995

• UN safe haven

• nearly 8,000 men and boys executed

• Hundreds of woman raped

Operation Deliberate ForceAugust 30 – September 20, 1995

• Military Action to pressure Milosevic to

negotiate

• First NATO military action

(3,515 sorties)

Dayton AccordsDecember 14, 1995

• Ended the fighting in Bosnia

Good Friday AgreementApril 10, 1998

• IRA agreed to the “cessation” all military

action• Political compromises

Russian-American Relations

The Cold War: Part II?

Feels Like

Containment

New NATO Members

• Czech Republic

• Hungary

• Poland

Warheads

US: 3,500

Russia: 2,997

START II (2000)

Fighting Terrorism

USS Cole (October 12, 2000)Adem, Yemen

• 17 killed and 39 wounded

Osama

bin Laden

and

Al Qaeda

Clinton and Military Action

Problems with Hussein and Iraq

Operation Desert Strike September 3, 1996

Problem: 40,000 Iraqi troops gathered on the northern border of No Fly Zone

SUCCESS:

Iraqi Army withdrew from No Fly Zone Border

Operation Desert Fox December 16 – 19, 1998

Problem: Hussein did not allow weapons inspectors access

SUCCESS

• over 100 targets

destroyed set back

programs a year

FAILURE

• Hussein still did not let UN

weapons inspectors

back into Iraq

Somalia Operation Restore Hope

Mohammed

Farah Aidid

Somalia –Operation Gothic SerpentOctober 3-4, 1993

19 killed, 84 wounded

Presidential Decision Directive 25

United States is

leaving the

mission to the

United Nations

Blackhawk

Down

(2001)

Rwanda –Hutu vs. Tutsi

800,000 killed in 89 days1998 – Clinton makes visit, meets survivors and

offers apology for not taking actions to help

April – July, 1994

Fighting Terrorism

Operation Infinite ReachAugust 20, 1998

attacks on terrorist bases

Sudan Afghanistan

Memorandum of Notification

Clinton gave the

order to the CIA

to use lethal

force to kill

bin Laden

Back to the BalkansDayton Accords

-stopped Serbian forces in Bosnia

Slobodan Milosevic attacked Ethnic

Albanians in

Kosovo

The Kosovo WarOperation Allied Force

March 24 – June 10, 1999

Clinton Doctrine• “Genocide is in

and of itself a national interest where we should

act.”

• “. . . and if it’s within our power to stop, we will

stop it.”

Operation Allied Force

General Wesley Clark

Operation Allied Force

• Over 38,000 sorties– 2 planes hit

– No war deaths

• All 19 NATO members had to

agree to bombing targets

• No ground troops

Operation Allied Force• Dogfight –Yugoslav

fighter engaged by 24 NATO fighters

• 99.6% of 20,000 bombs and missiles

hit their targets (DOD)

• Hit Chinese embassy– 3 killed

President Slobodan Milosevic

• Arrested April 1, 2001

• Trial February 12, 2002

• Died March 11, 2006

• Died Again March 6, 2007

You Got a Friend in Pristina

Dedicated Nov 2, 2009

It’s not so foreign, anymore!