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Big Data – Application of Environmental Sensors for Building and Sustainable Environment

Dr. Zhi Ning

Deputy Director, Guy Carpenter Climate Change Centre

Assistant Professor, School of Energy and Environment

City University of Hong Kong

EMSD Summit 2016 Innovate HK

2School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Introduction

3School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Introduction

Sensor based Internet of Things as a solution for air

pollution and smart city application

4School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Issues with current practice

High interest by public for more personalized info and by

industry/government for more connected solutions as IoT

Traditional monitoring equipment

• High price and maintenance cost;• High precision but requires professionals.

“Professional "sensors

Lower cost but small, compact, easy for deployment;

Less precision but good performance in certain range.

Consumer grade sensors

• Cheap and small for personal and family usage;• Indication purpose, not scientifically reliable.

5School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Emerging technologies

Development of new materials

Advancement in MEMS

Nanotechnologies

More powerful computing in small size

Lighter, smaller and cheaper

Easy installation roadside to form network

Portable for easy application

Professional sensing technology

NO，NO2，O3，CO，SO2 ,CO2 and PM2.5/PM10

Benzene, VOC and others;

6School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Emerging technologies

Patents : PWG/PA/357/10/2013 (PRC,

US); PWG/PA/302/7/2012 (PRC).

Dispersive infrared absorption spectroscopy (DIRS)

for greenhouse gas (CO2) measurement

MEMS Febry-Perot

Interferometer

• 3900-5000 nm

• 10 nm resolution

• 8 seconds per scan

• +/- 0.8 ppm for 5 mins avg

6

If you have any questions, please contact Dr. Zhi Ning at zhining@cityu.edu.hk

7School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

A paradigm shift in environmental sensing

“citizens’ observatories” to empower

citizens to contribute to and participate in

environmental governance,

8School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Energy and environment applications

Mobile

Outdoor

Indoor Personal

Fixed site

Roadside network

I o T I : How to connect things and

augment their impact to server energy

and environmental applications;

T: How to sense the environment

more accurately and in smaller size.

9School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Next generation sensor R&D

Flow chart of system development

Sensor selection

Sensor

tests

System design

Circuit design

OEMSystem

integrationSystem

tests

10School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Sensor test in lab

Specific test processes

– Precision & linearity

– Test limits

– Long term drift

– Temperature and RH

– Comparisons with

standard equipment

20 22 00 02 04 06 08 10

15

20

25

30

35

Sensor_Temp

Adj_CO_Diff_1

CO_step_V (mV)

Time

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

11School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

2015 HONG KONG INTERNATIONAL GREEN MARATHON AIR NETWORK

12School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Marathon and athlete health

Athletes are more sensitive to the surrounding

environment;

Air quality is a major concern of the media and

public;

Lack of information creates health concern among

participants.

13School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

2015 SC Green Marathon network

On the day of Marathon

14School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

2015 SC Green Marathon network

15School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

2015 SC Green Marathon network

16School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

3:07 4:19 5:31 6:43 7:55 9:07 10:19 11:31 12:43

CO

/ p

pm

TST COTST CO

Traffic control is

effective to keep air

pollution levels low

before and during the

race

After lifting traffic

control a clear

difference is shown in

the roadside.

0

100

200

300

400

500

NO

/p

pb

TST NONOx Concentration

before/after traffic control

Passing-by motorcycles

created spikes of CO

17School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Campus network in CityU

Indoor and outdoor monitoring with cloud display

• Temp/RH

• CO2

• PM2.5

• NO/NO2

• TVOC

• Formaldehyde

• Wifi/GSM/Zigbee

• Ethernet

18School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Network data for energy usage

Ventilation and air conditioning system diagnostics

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 2 3 4 5 6

Car

bo

n d

ioxi

de

(PP

M)

Day

week 1 week 2

26.5

27

27.5

28

28.5

29

29.5

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

tem

per

atu

re (

C)

carb

on

dio

ixd

e (p

pm

)

Hour

LT13_CO2

LT13_TEMP

19School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong19

• Bus mobile sensor platform

• Compact and multipollutant

solutions for PM2.5,NO2，SO2,CO2 (traffic pollutants)

• GPS, traffic speed, OBD data

synchronization and real time

transmission

Internal external

Bus platform for sensor network

20School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Kowloon Tong to HK island

Causeway Bay to Yuen Long

• Real time pollution map from two

routes

• Roadway network emission and

air quality modelling；• Hotspot identification and

evidence based policy making

Bus platform for sensor network

21School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Traffic data analysis

combined analysis

Certain streets have

different “pollutability”

with street canyons,

urban design features

Local transport policy

will be cost effective:

Impact of low emission

zone?21

Bar: traffic volume; Line: Pollutant

Bus platform for sensor network

22School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

OGV ship emission and port area air quality

23School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

UAV based sensing platform

Carbon balance for ship emissions

Vertical profiling

Path

Radio

Path and command

USB cable, SDK

Path and command

Programming

Data

UART

Wi-Fi Data

24School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

OGV ship emission and port area air quality

Will low sulfur fuel switch improve port and

area air quality? And how much?

SO2, NO2, PM2.5?

Is there any enforcement or evaluation tool

for such policy implementation?

25School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Development of Personal Exposure Kit (PEK)

Personalized air quality

Avoid health issues for susceptible population

26School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Personal health indicator

– PM sensor and NO2 sensor

– 3-axis accelerometer, noise sensor, light sensor

– Temp/RH sensor

– Encrypted Q-R code for online survey

27School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Personalized exposure assessment

28School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Hong Kong Technology

From local significance to global impact.

CityU sensors

We contribute to the preservation of

the World Heritage

Leonardo Da Vinci’s Last Supper in

Milan, Italy

29School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong

Ending remark

Internet of Things is powerful concept

Huge potential for application in smart city,

energy, environment;

Development of the sensing technology as

data source input for IoT;

Environmental and energy applications.

Thanks!