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Integral Façade ConstructionBuilding processes and optimal material application for curtain wall façades
BMW 1200GS (source: www.bmw.com)
Integral Product Architectur
Modular Product Architecture
Audi space frame 2006
Peugeot 1935
4
Laptop
Destop computer
Integral Product Architectur
Modular Product Architecture
5
IPhone
Walkman
Integral Product Architectur
Modular Product Architecture
Palm House, Kew Gardens London, Richard
Turner und Decimus Burton 1841-1849
Curtain walls
First steel-glass construction during the industrial revolution
Bauhaus in Dessau, Walter Gropius und Adolf Meyer, Dessau 1926
Curtain walls
Skeleton building structures allowed the separation of façade and the load bearing structure
Lever House, Skidmore Owings and Merril, New York 1952
Curtain walls
Architectonic symbol of the post-war period
RWE Tower, Ingenhoven Overdiek Kahlen & Partner, Essen, 1997
Curtain walls
Development of double facades in the 90ies
Curtain walls
Still one of the most applied façade systems
Horten Building, 3XN, Kopenhagen 2010
- In the stress field between industrial processes and craftsmanship building
- Many physical interfaces must be solved on site!
The design and construction process of facades
Proposition:
Building processes strongly determine the choice of materials.
or:
New material applications require new processes.
The design and construction process
Complex interaction with many different stakeholders
Interaction of stakeholders
The process has many interfaces and bears risks
Building industry
Decentral innovation
Integrated Design Team
Subcomponents
Assembler
Product
Subassemblies Subassemblies Subassemblies
Automotive industry
Centrally controlled integration
Construction detail
Extreme modular product architecture
Future process requirements
Future process requirements
More decisions at an earlier stage
Next Active FacadesAlcoa Aluminium Systems, Somfy, TROX, TU Delft, Façade Research Group, 2011
Building services integrated façade concept
Allianz Arena, MünchenHerzog & De Meuron, 2005
One of the first large projects with foil materials
Allianz Arena, MünchenHerzog & De Meuron, 2005
One of the first large projects with foil materials
Windesheim Gebouw X, ZwolleBroekbakema, Holland Composites Industrials, 2010
Integral construction with 12m high elements from glass fibre reinforced plastics
24
Windesheim Gebouw X, ZwolleBroekbakema, Holland Composites Industrials, 2010
Integral construction with 12m high elements from glass fibre reinforced plastics
Rapid Manufacturing
Foldable design chair ‘One Shot.MGX’ by Patrick Jouin
AM Manufacturing
New production technologies lead to new material applications
26
AM Manufacturing
New production technologies lead to new material applications
http://abe.tudelft.nl/
Result Masterthesis: Bart van den Ende, TU Delft, Summer 2010
Result Electis Module: Christian Wedi, IFDC, University of Applied Sciences Detmold, Germany, Winter 2009
http://abe.tudelft.nl/
AM Manufacturing
New production technologies lead to new material applications
Liquid Crystal
Zustand zwischen flüssigen und festen Kristallen
Bekannt von LCD Bildschirmen
Chiral nematic phase
Twist der Moleküle in einer Helix Struktur
Kann potentiell verschiedene Lichtwellenlängen reflektieren
Chiral nematic film
Nano Technology
High tech on a different scale will offer unexpected possibilities
Dear Film reflektíert kreisförmig polarisiertes Licht
Die Rotation der Moleküle bestimmt die Wellelänge des reflektierten Lichts
Der Winkel kann verändert werden durch den Einfluß von
- Temperatur,
-Sonnenseinstrahlun oder
- elektrische Impulse
Chiral nematic film
Nano Technology
High tech on a different scale will offer unexpected possibilities
Solare Kontrollsysteme
Solarer Energie Anteil:
Uultraviolettes Licht
– 100-380nm
– 6 % of energy
Sichtbares Licht
– 380-780 nm
– 48 % der Energy
Infrarot
– 780- 3000nm
– 46 % der Energy
Solarspektrum
Nano Technology
High tech on a different scale will offer unexpected possibilities
Solare Kontrollsysteme
Solarer Energie Anteil:
Uultraviolettes Licht
– 100-380nm
– 6 % of energy
Sichtbares Licht
– 380-780 nm
– 48 % der Energy
Infrarot
– 780- 3000nm
– 46 % der Energy
Solarspektrum
Nano Technology
High tech on a different scale will offer unexpected possibilities
Solare Kontrollsysteme
Solarer Energie Anteil:
Uultraviolettes Licht
– 100-380nm
– 6 % of energy
Sichtbares Licht
– 380-780 nm
– 48 % der Energy
Infrarot
– 780- 3000nm
– 46 % der Energy
Solarspektrum
Nano Technology
High tech on a different scale will offer unexpected possibilities
Conclusion
- The design and construction process of facades (buildings) is unique and has a strong influence on the application of new building materials
- The use-phase and the end-of-life phase will move into the focus of architects and system and products design.
- We will see a larger diversification of construction types as well as new material applications
- We will face a knowledge gap between designers and executing parties
- Integrated design-teams and proceedures are required
- This will have an effect on the education of architects and building specialists.
Integral Façade ConstructionBuilding processes and optimal material application for curtain wall façades
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