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Automotive ServiceAuto Service Study Guide Chapter 38Pages 694-723Hybrid Drive Systems48 Points

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Híbrido La versión abreviada de vehículo eléctrico híbrido (HEV); Un tipo de vehículo que usa dos tipos de propulsión.

Hybrid abbreviated version of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV); a type of vehicle that uses two types of propulsion.

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There are about 1.1 million hybrid vehicles on the road and some experts say thatwithin 5 years, 20-25% of all new car & light truck sales will have

hybrid powertrains.

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Automotive Service 1. A ____________ vehicle uses 2 individual power sources to provide energy for propulsion.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w20T_7IhHo0

Automotive Service 2. A hybrid ______ - _____________ vehicle has an gas internal combustion engine and an electric drive system combined into one vehicle power train.

Automotive Service 3. The extremely high _____________ and high ____________ stored and generated by gas-electric hybrid drive trains are the primary safety concerns when working on these vehicles.

High Voltage & High Current

Automotive Service 4. About 110 years ago (1898) _____________ __________ built a car that used a small internal combustion engine to spin a large electric generator.

ReprimandFerdinandOn-Demand

Automotive Service 5. The 6 major assemblies working in unison under the computer control to propel a hybrid vehicle and to operate its electrical accessory systems are:

The high–voltage ________ _____ (many cells wired in series)The ____ - _______ (that can change functions between propulsion & generation)The ____ ________ (high voltage electronics to either invert or convert ac & dc)The ______ _____ ___ (an electronic control unit that monitors and controls)____ _______ (large, insulated conductors, often bright orange in color)The _______ ________ ________ (either gasoline or diesel for highway speeds)

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Automotive Service 6. The gas-electric hybrid uses a conventional ___________ ______________ system to fuel the engine…ICE

Automotive Service 7. The motor-generator is used to both ____________ the vehicle and to help ________ the vehicle.

Power & StopLimit & AdvanceAfford & Payoff

Automotive Service 8. A vehicle that uses the motor-generator to initially accelerate and only runs the engine when the battery pack becomes discharged is known as a: [ ] full hybrid [ ] mild hybrid

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Automotive Service9. A vehicle propelled by its internal combustion engine only and then shuts it down for coasting, braking, or stopping and then quickly restarts it when the

brake pedal is released is a: [ ] full hybrid [ ] mild hybrid

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Automotive Service10. Mild hybrids often have a ____ or a ____ volt electrical accessory system for EPS & HVAC.

6 or 1236 or 4290 or 100

Automotive Service11. When describing or classifying Hybrid Drive Train Configurations:

Have a separate Generator & Traction Motor

[ ] series [ ] parallel [ ] series-parallel

Motor-Generator cannot simultaneously drive & recharge

[ ] series [ ] parallel [ ] series-parallel

Can use any combination of drive & recharge

[ ] series [ ] parallel [ ] series-parallel

Automotive ServiceHave a separate Generator & Traction Motor

[X] series [ ] parallel [ ] series-parallel

Automotive ServiceMotor-Generator can’t simultaneously drive & recharge

[ ] series [X] parallel [ ] series-parallel

Automotive ServiceCan use any combination of drive & recharge

[ ] series [ ] parallel [X] series-parallel

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Series Parallel Series-Parallel

Automotive ServiceA series-parallel

hybrid design allows the vehicle

to operate in electric motor mode

only or in combination with

the internal combustion engine.

Automotive ServiceA drawing of the power flow in a typical series-hybrid vehicle.

This diagram shows the components included in a typical series-hybrid design. The solid-line arrow indicates the transmission of torque to the drive wheels. The dotted-line arrows indicate the transmission of electrical current.

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Automotive ServiceThe power flow in a typical parallel-hybrid vehicle.

Automotive ServiceDiagram showing the components involved in a typical parallel-hybrid vehicle. The solid-line arrows indicate the transmission of torque to the drive wheels, and the dotted-line arrows indicate the flow of electrical current.

BELT ALTERNATOR STARTER SYSTEMS (BAS)

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The belt system, called the belt alternator starter (BAS), is the least expensive system that can still claim the vehicle is a hybrid.

For many buyers, cost is a major concern and the BAS system allows certain hybrid features without an entire redesign of the engine and power train. Consumers can upgrade to BAS hybrids at a reasonable cost and will get a 2% to 5% increase in fuel economy, mostly affecting city mileage.

BAS replaces the belt-driven alternator with an electric motor that serves as a generator and motor. When the engine is running the motor, acting as a generator will charge a separate 36-volt battery (42-volt charging voltage).

When the engine needs to be started again after being in idle stop, the BAS motor cranks the engine by taking power from the 36-volt battery pack and applies its torque via the accessory belt

Automotive ServiceThe BAS system is used in the Saturn VUE hybrid SUV.

Automotive Service12. ________ - ____ hybrids can be connected to 120 - volt home outlet to fully recharge the battery pack.

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Automotive Service12. ________ - ____ hybrids can be connected to 120 - volt home outlet to fully recharge the battery pack.

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Automotive Service13-18. The 6 modes of full hybrid drive system operation are:

All-electric drive mode Motor-assist mode Idle stop modeRegenerative braking mode Engine starting mode Battery pack recharging mode

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Automotive Service19. __________________ braking uses the kinetic energy of normal stopping to recharge the high voltage battery pack. NOTE: During quick, hard braking

the conventional hydraulic system is used.

RegurgitateRegenerativeMy Generation

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Automotive Service20. Hybrids use 2 voltage systems, the high-voltage system for the drive system and a ___ - volt system for the vehicle’s conventional electrical & electronic components – including the computer systems.

MediumUltra-HighLow

Automotive Service21. The hybrid high-voltage system can range from ______ to ______ volts ac or dc… That’s deadly!

250 to 650360 to 42090 to 100

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Automotive Service22. High-voltage power cables are large in diameter and easily identified by their bright _________ color.

YellowBlueOrange

WARNING: Power remains in the high-voltage electrical system for up to 10 minutes after the HV battery pack is shut off. Never touch, cut, or open any orange high-voltage power cable or high-voltage component without confirming that the high voltage has been completely discharged.

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Jump-Starting The 12-volt auxiliary battery may be jump-started if the vehicle does not start. The 12-volt auxiliary battery is often located under the hood but can also be located in the cargo area of some HEVs.

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Automotive Service23-26. The full hybrid motor-generator or “MG” has 4 basic functions:

Helps power the _________ _________ and propel the vehicle__________________ the high-voltage battery pack_____________ the internal combustion engineHelps to _________ and ________ the vehicle

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Automotive Service27. The “MG” is usually a synchronous ac permanent _________, brushless motor-generator design.

MagnetVacationDisability

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Automotive Service28. A ___________ can step dc voltage either up or down. Converter

InverterReverter

Automotive Service29. An _______________ can either change dc to ac or ac to dc. Converter

InverterReverter

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Automotive Service30. The __________ _____________ is a planetary gearset used to control the transfer of power through the hybrid drive train. It is computer-controlled.

Automotive Service30. The __________ _____________ is a planetary gearset used to control the transfer of power through the hybrid drive train. It is computer-controlled.

Automotive Service31. For safety against short circuits and electrocution, __________ __________ interrupters, impact sensors or ___________ switches and high voltage fuses are used in hybrid systems.

Ground Fault & InertiaPower Fault & InertiaNobody’s Fault & Inertia

Automotive Service32. Hybrid systems can be cooled by ______________ coolant, by blower fan circulating ________ past the battery pack, and/or by a separate R-134a refrigerant cooling system.

Engine & AirPassenger & AirRefrigerant & Air

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Automotive Service33. The hybrid power display informs the driver with a ________ ______ light, a ____________ warning light, a ______________ ________ warning light, and a conventional MIL.

Drive Ready, Master, Battery Pack

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Automotive Service34. Besides wearing safety glasses, removing all conductive jewelry, and creating a high-voltage buffer zone when working on hybrids, OHSA-approved gloves with a _________ volt insulation value must be worn.

2507501000

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Automotive ServiceUse of a warning cover over the steering wheel helps others realize that work is being performed on the high-voltage system and that no one is to attempt to start or move the vehicle.

A lock box is a safe location to keep the ignition keys of a hybrid electric vehicle while it is being serviced. Notice that this lock box has two separate locks so it would require two people to open, helping to insure that no harm is done by accidentally attempting to start a HEV.

Insulated tools, such as this socket set, would provide an additional margin of safety to the service technician when working around high-voltage components and systems.

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GM Future CarBy: Dustin Westphal 1-2009

The Power Cell• GM Skateboard car, powered by Hydrogen. . .four wheel drive

electric engines, powered by the electricity produced by the hydrogen fuel cell. water is the only emission.

How it Works

Part Description

Hydrogen Fuel Cell for Power

Hy-Wire• Hy-wire is a descendant of the GM Autonomy released at the

2002 North American International Auto show. The Autonomy is a car which combines a hydrogen fuel cell with drive by wire technology. These technologies in combination allow all the mechanicals of the car to reside as a separate component to the body and passenger space.

• A single docking port provides the electrical connection between the chassis and body. There are 10 pick-up points where the body mounts the chassis. Such few attachments provide maximum flexibility when designing a body.