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Elimination Units for Marine Oil Pollution. Oil Pollution Risk in EU Waters: Analysis & Results. Nikolaos P. Ventikos Lecturer, NTUA. Athens, 9 June 06. Overview. Target description Seeking answers to critical questions Maritime traffic regarding oil movement - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Athens, 9 June 06
Elimination Units for Marine Oil Pollution
Oil Pollution Risk in EU Waters: Analysis & Results
Nikolaos P. VentikosLecturer, NTUA
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
• Target description
• Seeking answers to critical questions
• Maritime traffic regarding oil movement
• Priority areas according to EMSA
• Oil spill analysis for European waters
• Study of Environmental Data
• Risk Analysis in EU Waters
• Preliminary EU-MOP Application Profile
Overview
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
To conduct a thorough statistical/risk analysis in order to evaluate the risk of oil spills in European waters and develop a preliminary operational envelop for the deployment and application of the EU-MOP solution
Target Description
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Seeking Answers to Critical Questions
What sea conditions will the EU-MOP units face in European waters?
• What types of oil will the EU-MOPs be called upon to confront?
• During which seasons most of the accidents/spills happen and therefore the EU-MOP units are expected to operate?
• What are the typical sizes of oil spills that the EU-MOP units will be called upon to confront?
• Which are the high risk areas for oil spillage and therefore deployment of the EU-MOP in EU waters?
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Major oil trade movements in 2003 (x106 tons) Source: BP, EMSA
Maritime Oil Traffic
Indicative tanker traffic and volume of oil transported in 2001 Source: EMSA
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Oil Industry in Europe: Ashore & Offshore
Major maritime traffic routes, major ports & major offshore installations in EU waters
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Priority areas for additional response capacity Source: EMSA
Priority Areas for Additional Response
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Oil Spill Trends in EU Waters
Oil spilled in Europe from 1990 to 2004 (spills > 7 tons)Source: ITOPF
Annual Distribution of Spills
y = -5,5887Ln(x) + 17,861
0
5
10
15
20
Year
Nu
mb
er
of
Sp
ills
Total Number of SpillsTotal Number of Spills(Logarithmic)
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Oil Spill Analysis for EU Waters
Mediterranean Sea
• Baltic Sea
• North Sea
• Kiel Canal
• English Channel
• British Islands
• European Atlantic (France, Spain and Portugal)
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Oil Spill Analysis (Mediterranean Sea)
Spills in the Med. Sea according to Size (1990-2003) Source of Raw Data: REMPEC
Quantity of Spilled Oil by Spill Size
4762 ton/ 33%
61 ton/ 0.04%
9700 ton/ 67%
0-7 tons 7-700 tons >700 tons
Annual Distribution of Spills
y = 4,7984Ln(x) + 10,009
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Nu
mb
er
of
Ac
cid
en
ts
Unknown Spills
Near Spills Total Number of Incidents
Total Number of Incidents(Logarithmic)
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Oil Spill Analysis (Baltic Sea)
Spills in the Baltic Sea according to Size (1990-2002) Source of Raw Data: HELCOM/MARIS
Distribution of Spills by Spill Size
72%
27%
1%
0-7 tons 7-700 tons >700 tons
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Oil Spill Analysis (British Islands)
Fluctuation of number of spills per annum (1990-2003)
Annual Distribution of Spills
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
Nu
mb
er
of
Ac
cid
en
tsSpills Number of Spills(Logarithmic)
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Study of Environmental Data
Density Function of Hs (English Channel)Source : NTUA
Polar Histogram (%) of Mean Wave Direction, θ (English Channel)Source : NTUA
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Study of Environmental Data
Distribution of wave direction for the coasts of Portugal and Galicia (Spain)
0
1020
30
40
5060
70
80
90
%
January
Febru
ary
Marc
h
April
May
June
July
August
Septe
mber
Octo
mber
Novem
ber
Decem
ber
Wave Direction for points 44.00N,9.00W/40.00N,10.00W
Direction away from shore Direction towards shore
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Risk Parameters (ordinal/ranking approach)
• Level of Past Spill Incidents
• Level of Tanker Traffic
• Basic Traffic Hazards
• Tanker Route Diverges or Merges with Traffic Flow
• Geographical Hazards of the Area of Interest
• Major Port Activities
• Major Refinery Activities
• Navigation Hazards
• Sea State Characteristics
• Particularly Sensitive Areas
• Level of Response Capacity
• Level of Financial and Environmental Impact
Risk Analysis in EU Waters
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Assessment of risk ranking for selected areas in the Mediterranean Sea
Risk Analysis in EU Waters
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Proposed Risk Areas in the EU Waters
Mediterranean Sea• The Aegean Sea• The Southern Region of Sicily (Straits of Sicily)• The North Adriatic Sea• The Straits of Gibraltar
Atlantic Front (European Atlantic)• The Galician Coast NW of Spain• The English Channel (e.g. its approaches)
North Sea• Off the Coasts of the Netherlands and Belgium• The UKCS and the Area of Offshore Oil & Gas Inst., NE of the UK
Baltic Sea• The Kiel Canal & the Entrance to the Baltic Sea• The Entrance to Gulf of Finland
Risk Analysis in EU Waters
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Distribution of Risk Areas within EU waters
Risk Analysis in EU Waters
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Operational & Environmental Envelop of the Med. Sea
• The expected wave height in the area of interest is highly unlikely to exceed the average value of 2 m
• Strong currents exist both in western and eastern Mediterranean Sea (e.g. Crete); units operating in these areas should have additional maneuverability
• Persistent oil types are responsible for most of the accidents and biggest portion of spilled quantities
• Most of the accidents with small spills (0-7 tons) involve oils with specific gravity between 0.85 and 0.95 while large spills (>700 tons) involve almost exclusively oils with specific gravity of more than 0.95
• The probability of occurrence of an accident is the same for all seasons
• The spilled quantities are much lower during winter time
• Most of the oil spills in this region belong to the small (0-7 ton) and medium category (7-700 ton) while the spilled quantity originates from few large accidents (>700) and medium ones
EU-MOP Preliminary Application Profile
© 2005 EU-MOP Consortium
Operational & Environmental Envelop of the E.A.
• The average expected wave height during the entire year can be above 3 m with the exception of summer when it falls below 2 m
• Most of the accidents and spilled oil quantity involve types of oil with specific gravity more than 0.95
• Most of the spills occur in autumn and summer
EU-MOP Preliminary Application Profile
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