ASSESSMENT OF POSSIBILITIES OF COOPERATION BETWEEN SMOKE ... · PDF fileASSESSMENT OF...

ASSESSMENT OF POSSIBILITIES

OF COOPERATION BETWEEN SMOKE

AND HEAT EXHAUST VENTILATION

AND WATER MIST INSTALLATION IN BUILDINGS

Marek Stojek, Ph.D.

Fire Safety Expert

Senior HVAC,SHEVS Design Engineer

email: ekspertyzappoz@gmail.com

mobile: +48 509 799 118; +48 509 799 120

AGENDA

1. BASIC

2. FIREFIGHTING SYSTEMS

3. NEW DESIGN

4. APPLICATIONS

5. CONCLUSION

BASIC INFORMATION

BASIC INFORMATION - FIRE

Source: BRE Guidance and Report 2008 (www.bre.co.uk)

FIRE GROWTH IN ENCLOSURE

30 seconds 75 seconds 135 seconds

180 seconds 197 seconds 200 seconds

IGNITION GROWTH FULLY

DEVELOPEDDECAY

FIRE GROWTH IN ENCLOSURE

Heat release rate 5 MW

Smoke volume flow rate 20 m³/s (72.000 m³/h)

COMPUTER PRINTER

Heat release rate 300 kW

Smoke volume flow rate 0,5 m³/s (1.800 m³/h)

REFRIGERATOR

Heat release rate 500 kW

Smoke volume flow rate 1,5 m³/s (5.400 m³/h)

Source: vfdb (www.vfdb.de)

COMBUSTION PRODUCTS AND GASES

FIRE GROWTH IN ENCLOSURE - EVACUATION SAFETY

EVACUATION SAFETY

VISIBILITY AIR

TEMPERATURE

CARBON DIOXIDE

CONCENTRATION

CRITICAL

>170oC

CRITICAL

<300ppm

>8000ppm

CRITICAL

DEVELOPMENT OF FIRE – SMOKE CONTROL VENTILATION

FIREFIGHTING SYSTEMS

ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE DAMAGES DUE TO FIRES IN GERMANY

another systems

(CCTV, BMS itp.)

VASvoice alarm system

PSanother

protection

systems

FFSfixed firefighting

system

FDASfire detection

and fire alarm

system

SHEVSsmoke and heat

exhaust ventilation

system

WITHOUT SHEVS MECHANICAL SHEVS

SMOKE AND HEAT EXHAUST VENTILATION SYSTEMS (SHEVS)

TIME [min]

FIRE GROWTH

TIME [min]

FIRE GROWTH

WITHOUT SHEVS NATURAL/MECHANICAL SHEVS

Source: Prof. Obuchow, Fachverband TR e. V.

MECHANICAL SHEVS NATURAL SHEVS

FIXED WATER FIREFIGHTING SYSTEMS

SPRINKLER SYSTEM WATER MIST SYSTEM

dropel diameter > 1 mm

Reaction surface from 1 liter water ~ 3 m2

dropel diameter < 1 mm

Reaction surface from 1 liter water ~ 60 m2

STAGE 1

STAGE 2

PROBLEMS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN SMOKE AND HEAT EXHAUST VENTILATION

AND FIXED WATER-BASED FIREFIGHTING SYSTEM

WATER FIREFIGHTING SYSTEM

1. WILL LIMIT FIRE SPREAD

AND CONTROL GROWTH

2. WILL NOT REDUCE SMOKE

DAMAGE

INTERACTION

SMOKE CONTROL VENTILATION

1. WILL PREVENT SMOKE LOGGING

2. ASSIST ESCAPE

3. AID FIRE FIGHTING

PROBLEMS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN SMOKE AND HEAT EXHAUST VENTILATION

AND FIXED WATER-BASED FIREFIGHTING SYSTEM

NEW DESIGN

COOPERATION BETWEEN SHEVS AND WATER MIST

NEW DESIGN

IMPORTANT PHENOMENA

NEW DESIGN

Cooling Effect (smoke and surface)

Reduction of Radiant Heat

Oxygen Depletion

Interaction with Smoke

NEW DESIGN

WATER SPRAY

NOZZLE

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

AIR SUPPLY

NEW DESIGN

Standards:1. ISO/TS 17431:2006 Fire tests –Reduced-scale model box test

2. NFPA 204

RESEARCH – TEST STAND

NEW DESIGN

TRADITIONAL SHEVS COOPERATION BETWEEN SHEVSAND WATER MIST INSTALLATION

NUMERICAL CALCULATIONS (CFD)

NEW DESIGN

NUMERICAL CALCULATIONS (CFD)

NEW DESIGN

DROPLET TRAJECTORY MODEL – TRAVEL DISTANCES

Source: BRE Centre for Fire Safety Engineering University of Edinburgh

NEW DESIGN

EFFICIENCYTEMPERATURE

REDUCTION[%]

SHEVS+ WATER MIST

EFFICIENCY TEMPERATURE REDUCTION

NEW DESIGN

COMPARISON

AIR (SHEVS) AIR (SHEVS) + WATER MIST

TRADITIONAL SHEVS

NOZZLE

COOPERATION BETWEEN SHEVSAND WATER MIST INSTALLATION

165.000 m3/h 75.000 m3/h

APPLICATIONS

PATENTS

APPLICATIONS

MUSEUMS

APPLICATIONS

WATER SPRAY NOZZLE SHEVS

MUSEUMS

APPLICATIONS

MULTISTOREYED BUILDING

ENERGY EFFICIENT HVAC AND SHEVS OF NEW AND MODERNIZED SHOPPING CENTRE

Diagrams of components

APPLICATIONS

MULTISTOREYED BUILDING

APPLICATIONS

FACTORY BUILDING

NEW AND MODERNIZED

BUILDING

Diagrams of components

APPLICATIONS

HIGHRISE BUILDING

CONCLUSION

BENEFITS

Good possibility and efficiency of cooperation between fire

ventilation system and water mist system

Good capability of the cooperating systems for improvement

of human evacuation conditions

Good capability of heat absorbed by water mist

Good capability of protection technical equipment and elements

of a building

THANK YOU FOR YOUR

KIND ATTENTION

Further information: MAREK STOJEK

e-mail: ekspertyzappoz@gmail.com

mobile phone: +48 509 799 118

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