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Architecture Best PracticesWitt Mathot
Our World Is Evolving
Open
Configurable Agile
Easier
Ready to Use
Implementation3D
Visualization
Apps
Collaborative
Analytics
Applications
TechnologyFaster Computing
Big Data
Distributed Processing
Cloud
Virtualization
IoT
Consumerization
Smart Devices
Content
UAVs
Real-Time
Crowdsourcing
GIS is EvolvingOpening, Integrating and Simplifying Everything
Integrating Existing Systems . . .
Apps
Desktop
Server
Identity
Real-Time
System of Engagement
Connected
Services
. . . Creating a System of Systems
GIS
Technology FocusBreadth Depth
Strategy FocusOrganization Project
Architecture FocusConceptual Implementation
Logical Physical
Workshop Scope
Best Practices
Conceptual
Architecture
Use GIS Across Your Organization
Field
Mobility
Get authoritative
information into
and out of the field
Location
Enablement
Discover, use,
make, and share
maps at work --
anywhere, anytime
Location Data
Management
Collect and
organize location
data about your
assets and
resources
Analytics
Describe, predict,
and improve
business
performance
Decision
Support
Inform execs and
management with
maps and location
intelligence
Constituent
Engagement
Facilitate and
manage
communication
with stakeholders
Leverage Identity
• Integrate with your existing IDM system
• Configure in the portal
- Users
- Roles
- Privileges
• Incorporate in your apps
Identity matters!
Workforce Development
Workforce
Development
is a valuable
investment
in your
people!
Project Prioritization
Approach to Solutions
• Configure first
• Customize second
- Extend where possible
Deviations from “core” increase risk!
Rapid & Agile
• Keep iterations brief (~30 days)
• Involve stakeholders
• Stop | restart at any time
• Iterations terminate with the business need
Each iteration results in deliverable you can use…
Environment Isolation
• Production: operational, real-time
compute environment
• Staging: a separate, mirrored, pre-
production environment
• Development: a limited scale and scope
environment sufficient for the
development of primary code and data
modeling.
High Availability
What is acceptable downtime for your operational business workflows?
Availability (%) Downtime per
year
Downtime per
week
95.0 18.25 days 8.4 hours
99.0 3.65 days 1.68 hours
99.9 8.76 hours 10.1 minutes
99.99 52.56 minutes 1.01 minutes
99.999 5.26 minutes 6.05 seconds
AGOL, EMCS, most
Public Cloud Vendors
Workload Separation
• Separate technology deployments by solution pattern
• Benefits include:
- Reduced risk
- Improved service delivery
- Reduced system resource contention
- Optimized resource utilization
Typically SLAs determine which server
deployments need to be separated
Analysis Constituent
Engagement
Conceptual ArchitectureBest Practices
Download from esri.com!
Technology FocusBreadth Depth
Strategy FocusOrganization Project
Architecture FocusConceptual Implementation
Logical Physical
Workshop Scope
Best Practices
Implementation
Architecture
Implementation ArchitectureFocus Areas
1. Deployment Architecture
2. GIS Server & Services Architecture
3. High Availability & Disaster Recovery
4. Security
5. Real-time GIS & Big Data
6. Geodata Management
7. Imagery Data Management
8. Publication Strategies
9. Mobile GIS Deployment
10. Desktop GIS Deployment
11. Organizational Structure & IT Governance
12. Operations
Deployment Patterns
SaaSOn-premises Public Cloud
Customer Managed – or – Esri Managed (EMCS)
Hybrid
Deployment PatternsIn Depth
Portal
Online Online Online
Portal Portal
Customer Managed
Basemaps &
Content Services
ArcGIS Server ArcGIS Server ArcGIS Server ArcGIS Server
Esri Managed (EMCS)
- or -
On-premises
Private Cloud
Public Cloud
ArcGIS Online
(SaaS)
ArcGIS Online
& ArcGIS Server
ArcGIS Online
& ArcGIS Enterprise
ArcGIS Enterprise
Deployment ArchitectureThree Big Decisions
1. Which deployment pattern?
2. Where will it run?
3. Who will run it?
Deployment ArchitectureReference Methodology
A Two-Pass Approach
1. Conceptual Level
- Focus on business objectives & technology strategy
- Understand broad organizational characteristics
- Use qualitative & quantitative evaluation methods
- Output – deployment strategy & best fit patterns
2. Implementation Level
- Focus on technical specifics, in key areas (e.g. security)
- Evaluate best fit patterns in detail, identify potential issues/risks
- Begin logical architecture design
- Output – specific deployment architecture w/ associated considerations/risks
Deployment ArchitectureConceptual Level Considerations
Characteristics Preference(s)
IT Maturity Low, Moderate, Advanced
Cloud Policy / Preference Cloud First, Ok w/ Cloud, Cloud Averse
Infrastructure Elasticity Easy, Moderately Easy, or Hard to Provision Infrastructure
Data Sensitivity (security) Very Sensitive (e.g. HIPPA), Business Sensitive, Somewhat, Not Sensitive
GIS Workflows (next 2-3 years) Web Mapping, Cartographic Mapping, 3D, Analysis, Real-time, Big Data
Public / Constituent Engagement Heavy, Some, None
Level of Collaboration / Sharing External and Internal, Internal Only, Limited, None
Use of 3rd Party Services Prefer, Ok, None
Comfort Outsourcing to Esri Very, Some, Limited, Note
Service Level Agreement None, 95%, 99% +
Disaster Recovery Strategy None, Future, Imminent
Deployment ArchitectureImplementation Level Considerations
Area Focus
Security Authentication & User Store Preferences (e.g. AD domains/forests, web adaptor)
Authorization Requirements (e.g. granularity, enterprise groups)
ArcGIS Server Federation?
Infrastructure Virtual or Physical (including desktop)
Operating System Preferences
Load Balancers, Reverse Proxies, and Forward Proxies
Availability & Resiliency High Availability Requirements
Disaster Recovery and/or Backup and Restore Requirements
Distribution Distributed GIS Design
Network Topology (bandwidth & latency)
Geodata Replication/Synchronization Requirements
Deployment ArchitectureLooking to the Future
Desktop GIS (standalone GIS)
Server GIS(client-server GIS)
Web GIS(cloud GIS)
Distributed Web GIS
Technology FocusBreadth Depth
Strategy FocusOrganization Project
Architecture FocusConceptual Implementation
Logical Physical
Architecture MattersPlease Be Thoughtful, and Think Holistically
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Monday
12:30 PM – 6:30 PM
GIS Solutions Expo,
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5:15 PM– 6:30 PM
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