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7/27/2019 Approaches Teaching Grammar
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Approaches in
Teaching Grammar
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"describes" how language is used by its
speakers.
does not deal with what is good or bad
language use. E.g.: I am older than her.
Explanation: Subject pronouns (she, he, it,
and so on) are paired with a verb, whereas
object pronouns (her, him, it, and so on) arenot.
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Observe principles that describe the way the
language is actually spoken
The goal of the descriptive approach is a
description and knowledge of rules(principles) of how the language is actually
spoken
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"prescribes" how speakers should use the
language.
rules about the structure of a language.
deals with what the grammarian believes tobe right and wrong, good or bad language
use; not following the rules will generate
incorrect language
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a set of rules and examples dealing with the
syntax and word structures of a language,
Examples of common prescriptive rulesDo not use aint
Do not use a preposition to end a sentencewith
Pronounce the -ing at the end of words, not -in
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E.g.: I am older than she (is older).]
than' is a conjunction; it joins two like forms:
"I am older" with "she is older", giving "I am
older than she is older", but speakers omitthe last part "is older" because it's
redundant. Nevertheless, according to
prescriptive grammar, 'than' functions as a
conjunction, so speakers should use "she" inthat context.
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Attitudes toward language based on what is
held to be correct by socially prestigious
elements and by teachers
This attitude evinces complete disregard forthe way a community actually speaks
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Both are concerned with rules.
Des.Gram (linguists):
study the rules or patterns.
Pres.Gram (teachers, editors): lay out rules about what they believe to be
the correct or incorrect use of language.
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http://grammar.about.com/od/basicsentenc
egrammar/f/descpresgrammar.htm
http://www.usingenglish.com/glossary/desc
riptive-grammar.html http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-
descriptive-grammar.htm
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-
prescriptive-grammar.htm
http://grammar.about.com/od/basicsentencegrammar/f/descpresgrammar.htmhttp://grammar.about.com/od/basicsentencegrammar/f/descpresgrammar.htmhttp://www.usingenglish.com/glossary/descriptive-grammar.htmlhttp://www.usingenglish.com/glossary/descriptive-grammar.htmlhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-descriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-descriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-prescriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-prescriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-prescriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-prescriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-prescriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-prescriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-prescriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-prescriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-prescriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-descriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-descriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-descriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-descriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-descriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-descriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-descriptive-grammar.htmhttp://www.usingenglish.com/glossary/descriptive-grammar.htmlhttp://www.usingenglish.com/glossary/descriptive-grammar.htmlhttp://www.usingenglish.com/glossary/descriptive-grammar.htmlhttp://www.usingenglish.com/glossary/descriptive-grammar.htmlhttp://grammar.about.com/od/basicsentencegrammar/f/descpresgrammar.htmhttp://grammar.about.com/od/basicsentencegrammar/f/descpresgrammar.htm7/27/2019 Approaches Teaching Grammar
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The teacher gets the people involved in using thestructure without drawing their attention togrammatical rules
students may be asked to do any activity where a
new grammar is presented or introduced, but their
attention will be drawn to this activity not to thegrammar
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The teacher explicitly explains the rules whenpresenting the new language
rules are explicitly given to students & studentsare simply asked to work with new language toabsorb grammatical information which will helpthem to acquire the language as a whole.
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2 options are available to the
teacher in overt grammar teaching:
-Deductive approach
-Inductive approach
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Deductive approach
the teacher presents therule/pattern/generalization and thengoes to provide practice in the
application of these rules
the teacher is the center of the class and is
responsible for all of the presentationand explanation of the new material.
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Inductive approach
Students are first given a number ofsample sentences containing the targetforms and then the teacher guides thestudents into deriving the rule forthemselves
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Deductive approach:
General rules Practice
Inductive approach:Practice General rules
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Sound, structure,
meaning and
system of language
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Involves learning grammar which presented
out of context.
* In other words, learners are given isolatedsentences which are expected to nternalize
through exercises.
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To identify students own performance.
It helps teacher to set the level and make
improvement on next lesson.
To make sure pupils know the rules andregulation of grammar.
For example: past tense, present tense,
irregular verbs.
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Confusing
As grammar is about rules of language, pupils
will become bored and stress because they
have to memorize it directly.Not enjoying.
Grammar is isolated rules system, separated
from everyday lives and relevant use of
language. With that, the student could notconnect the grammar with their language, or
the lesson with their lives.
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Make fun activity.
Choose the most effective method to teach
them.
Make discussion (share knowledge)Use activity that relates with daily situation.
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integrate grammar in everyday teaching.
Applicable while teaching other skills.
For example: listening, writing, reading,
speaking and language arts.
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Allow learners to see how rules can be used
in sentence.
Give learners an opportunity to understand
how language works and this will improvetheir communication skills.
Grammar in context gives more precise
understanding of how to use grammar and
provides accuracy in studied language bothoral and written skills.
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Ask students to write their own stories.
selecting books that are age-appropriate and
interesting to students, or having students
select these books themselves, is crucial.
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Grammar in context Grammar in isolation
Focus on form, meaning and
usage
Focus on form and meaning only
Requires a commitment to teach Exercises involving repetition,manipulation and grammatical
transformation.
Role play, jazz chant. Use text book
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