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Animal Adaptations
What is ecology?
● The study of the interactions that take place among organisms and their environment
Adaptations
How do adaptations help animals survive in their environment?
● An adaptation is a body part or behavior that helps an animal survive in a particular environment.
● Adaptation can help an animal breathe, catch food, or hide.
● All animals are adapted to live in certain habitats.
● Animals that cannot adapt will die out.
body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an animal
breathe, catch
food, or hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats.
We can separate adaptations into two
categories:
Physical
AND
Behavioral
Adap
tatio
ns
body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an animal
breathe, catch
food, or hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
●Physical adaptations are body structures that
allow an animal to find and
consume food, defend itself,
and to reproduce its
species.
●Physical adaptations
help an animal survive
in its environment.
© A. Weinberg
body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an animal
breathe, catch
food, or hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
body structures that
allow an animal to
find and consume
food, defend itself,
and to reproduce
its species.
help an animal
survive in its
environment
Physical adaptation
Camouflage (use of color in a surrounding)
The chameleon can change its color to match its
surroundings. Can you do that?
body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an animal
breathe, catch
food, or hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
body structures that
allow an animal to
find and consume
food, defend itself,
and to reproduce
its species.
help an animal
survive in its
environment
Camouflageuse of color in a
surrounding
Mimicry(looking or sounding like another living organism)
The Viceroy butterfly uses mimicry to look like the
Monarch butterfly. Can you tell them apart?
Poisonous
Not poisonous
Physical adaptation
I’m the
Monarch!
I’m the Viceroy!
body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an animal
breathe, catch
food, or hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
body structures that
allow an animal to
find and consume
food, defend itself,
and to reproduce
its species.
help an animal
survive in its
environment
Camouflageuse of color in a
surrounding
Mimicry(looking or
sounding like
another living
organism)
Chemical defenses (like venom, ink,
sprays)
Physical adaptation
body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an animal
breathe, catch
food, or hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
body structures that
allow an animal to
find and consume
food, defend itself,
and to reproduce
its species.
help an animal
survive in its
environment
Camouflageuse of color in a
surrounding
Mimicry(looking or
sounding like
another living
organism)
Chemical
defenses
(like venom,
ink, sprays)
Body coverings & parts (claws, beaks, feet,
armor plates, skulls, teeth)
Physical adaptations
The elephant’s trunk is a physical adaptation that helps
it to clean itself, eat, drink, and to pick things up.
body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an animal
breathe, catch
food, or hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
body structures that
allow an animal to
find and consume
food, defend itself,
and to reproduce
its species.
help an animal
survive in its
environment
Camouflageuse of color in a
surrounding
Mimicry(looking or
sounding like
another living
organism)
Chemical
defenses
(like venom,
ink, sprays)
Body coverings
& parts(claws, beaks, feet,
armor plates, skulls,
teeth)
Behavioral Adaptations allow
animals to respond to life
needs.
body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an animal
breathe, catch
food, or hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
body structures that
allow an animal to
find and consume
food, defend itself,
and to reproduce
its species.
help an animal
survive in its
environment
Camouflageuse of color in a
surrounding
Mimicry(looking or
sounding like
another living
organism)
Chemical
defenses
(like venom,
ink, sprays)
Body coverings
& parts(claws, beaks, feet,
armor plates, skulls,
teeth)
allow animals to
respond to life
needs.
Each organism has unique
methods of adapting to its
environment by means of
different actions.
Behavioral Adaptations are
animals’ actions.
Remember that Physical
Adaptations are body structures.
body part or
behavior that
helps an
animal
survive in a
particular
environment.
help an animal
breathe, catch
food, or hide.
adapted
to live in
certain
habitats. Physical Behavioral
body structures that
allow an animal to
find and consume
food, defend itself,
and to reproduce
its species.
help an animal
survive in its
environment
Camouflageuse of color in a
surrounding
Mimicry(looking or
sounding like
another living
organism)
Chemical
defenses
(like venom,
ink, sprays)
Body coverings
& parts(claws, beaks, feet,
armor plates, skulls,
teeth)
allow animals to
respond to life
needs.
animals’
actions
We can divide Behavioral Adaptations
into two groups:
Instinctive Learned
These behaviors happen naturally & don’t have to be
learned.
These behaviors must be taught.
Instinctive
behaviors happen naturally
& don’t need to
be learned
=
Finding shelter
Methods of
gathering & storing
food
Defending oneself
Raising young
Hibernating
Migrating
Learned
behaviors
Obtained by
interacting with the
environment and
cannot be passed
on to the next
generation except
by teaching.
=
Example of Adaptation
● The shape of an animal’s teeth is related to its diet.
● Herbivores, such as deer, have many molars for chewing tough grass and plants.
● Carnivores, such as lions, have sharp canines to kill and tear meat.
Who experiences adaptations?
● All species have experienced adaptation and will
continue to slowly adapt as the next generations
are born.
● We will identify certain species from each of these
groups and the reasons for their success:● Mammals
● Birds
● Reptiles
● Amphibians
Mammals
● Endothermic or
warm-blooded
● All have some type of
“hair”● Some are very
specialized, such as
white polar bear fur
● Method of locomotion
● Care for young
Birds
● Leg Length ● Roseate Spoonbill
(top right)
● Foot Webbing ● Laughing Gull (top
left)
● Beak Shape● Long Billed Curlew
(bottom)
Reptiles
● Ectothermic or
cold- blooded
● Scales
● Some undergo
hibernation and
estivation
● Lay eggs on land
● Leg structure and
position
Amphibians
● Ectothermic
● Lay eggs in water
● Partially of fully
webbed feet
● Have lungs or can
absorb oxygen through
their skin
Animal Defense● Some animals use these
methods of defense to protect themselves:● Camouflage
● Snake
● Mimicry● Mexican Milk Snake
● Bright colors● Skunk and Poison Arrow
Frog
● “Hair” projections● Hedgehog quills● Deer Antlers
Adaptation Applications: Lions● Why are the eyes of a
lion set in front of the head rather than on the sides?
● Answer: Eyes in front of the head allow for depth perception and ability to judge distances when hunting.
Adaptation Applications: Lions
● What is the purpose of the mane on a male lion? What is the reason for the lion’s color?
● A thick mane helps the male to appear larger and serves as protection for the throat. The tawny brown coat color camouflages the animal and young among vegetation.
Adaptation Applications: Giraffe
● Why are giraffes able to go for long periods of time without water?
● Answer: Giraffes drink water when available, but can go weeks without it. They rely on morning dew and the water content of their food.
Adaptation Applications: Giraffe
● How are their long necks adapted to their lifestyle?
● Answer: This extra length is thought to have evolved to help the giraffe spot predators and other giraffes in the distance. Interestingly, giraffes and humans have the same number of vertebrate in their necks.
Adaptation Applications: Zebras
● How do zebras defend
themselves?
● Capable of running up to
40 mph. Zebras defend
themselves by kicking and
biting. Coloration also
plays a role in evading
predators, although
theories have not reached
an agreement.
Resources● This PowerPoint is partially adapted from Ms. Weinberg.
The original PowerPoint can be viewed at● http://www.quia.com/files/quia/users/amiew/Anima
l-Adaptations-PPT● It is also partially adapted from an animal adaptation
powerpoint created by City of Corpus Christi Museum of Science and History the original can be viewed at
● http://www.ccmuseumedres.com/Animal%20Adaptations.ppt
● http://science.jrank.org/pages/6750/Temperature-Regulation-Internally-heated-animals.html
● http://science.jrank.org/pages/6749/Temperature-Regulation-Externally-heated-animals.html
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