View
3
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
i
Android Mobile Application “QRC-Halal App”
By
KAMARIAH BINTI ABU SAED
17954
Dissertation Submitted in partial fulfillment of
The requirement for the
Bachelor of Technology (Hons.)
Information and Communication Technology
May 2015
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS
Bandar Seri Iskandar
31750 Tronoh
Perak
ii
CERTIFICATION OF APPROVAL
Android Mobile Application “QRC-Halal App”
By
Kamariah binti Abu Saed
17954
A project dissertation submitted to
Information and Communication Technology Programme
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS
In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY (HONS.)
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
Approved by,
_____________
Faizal Ahmad Fadzil
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI PETRONAS
TRONOH, PERAK
May 2015
iii
CERTIFICATION OF ORIGINALITY
This is to certify that I am responsible for the work submitted in this project, that the
original work is my own except as specified in the reference and acknowledgement, and
that the original work contained herein have not been undertaken or done by unspecified
sources or persons.
_______________
KAMARIAH BINTI ABU SAED
iv
ABSTRACT
Halal is very important in a Muslim life as it is one of obligation that Muslims
must follow and observe. In order to follow the obligation, Muslims must know what is
halal and what is not. Halal is not just for food, it includes every aspect of Muslim life
such as source of income, attire, how food is processed, how the animal slaughtering
process follows Islamic rules, and many more.
Even though JAKIM (Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia) and other related legal
entities have done so many to overcome halal issues such as fake logo on foods, and
expired halal certificate but the problems are not yet fully eliminated. Since there are
huge numbers of food industries and related organizations hence it is logical for JAKIM
that they would not be able to update and disseminate to all Muslim customers which
Halal logo is genuine and not expired. Information references and resources of halal
certificate must be available online and updated regularly so customers can check the
halal status so they can safely consume the foods that they have chosen. Henceforth,
QRC-Halal is proposed.
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Allah SWT because
of HE, I manage to finish my final year project 1 in success. It is one of my toughest
semester but with HIS guidance and help, I manage to go through of it. I would like to
give my special thanks to my supervisor, Mr Faizal Ahmad Fadzil for help and guide me
on how to do this FYP II. He also taught me how to do research paper and guide me for
every step in starting this project. I also would like to give my appreciation to all my
friends who are directly and indirectly supporting me throughout this FYP II phase.
vi
CONTENTS
CERTIFICATION OF APPROVAL .......................................................................................... ii
CERTIFICATION OF ORIGINALITY .................................................................................... iii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................. iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................ v
CHAPTER 1 ................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Background of Study ................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Problem Statement ....................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Objectives and Scope of Study .................................................................................... 3
1.3.1 Objectives .............................................................................................................. 3
1.3.2 Scope of study ....................................................................................................... 3
CHAPTER 2 ................................................................................................................................. 5
2.1 Scope of halal ................................................................................................................ 5
2.2 Awareness ..................................................................................................................... 6
2.3 Misuse of halal logo ...................................................................................................... 8
2.4 Current issue ................................................................................................................ 9
2.5 Current work .............................................................................................................. 10
2.5.1 JAKIM ................................................................................................................ 10
2.5.2 Companies .......................................................................................................... 11
2.5.3 Existing halal apps ............................................................................................. 11
2.6 Suggested development .............................................................................................. 14
CHAPTER 3 ............................................................................................................................... 15
3.1 Development Methodology ........................................................................................ 15
3.2 Tools for development ............................................................................................... 18
3.3 System Architecture ................................................................................................... 19
3.4 Use case ....................................................................................................................... 20
3.5 Activity Diagram ........................................................................................................ 21
3.6 Gantt chart ................................................................................................................. 29
CHAPTER 4 ............................................................................................................................... 31
4.1 Data analysis ............................................................................................................... 31
4.1.1 Questionnaire ..................................................................................................... 31
4.2 Limitation ................................................................................................................... 36
4.2.1 MIT App Inventor ............................................................................................. 37
vii
4.2.2 Accessing Halal website ..................................................................................... 37
4.2.3 Internet connection ............................................................................................ 38
4.2.4 Time constraint .................................................................................................. 38
CHAPTER 5 ............................................................................................................................... 39
5.1 Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 39
5.2 Recommendations ...................................................................................................... 40
5.2.1 Functionality ........................................................................................................ 40
6 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................... 42
7 APPENDICES .................................................................................................................... 45
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Halal Malaysia .................................................................................................. 12
Figure 2: Cek Halal .......................................................................................................... 12
Figure 3: myJAKIM ......................................................................................................... 12
Figure 4: Halal or Haraam E-codes .................................................................................. 13
Figure 5: Halal.................................................................................................................. 13
Figure 6: Halal Barcode Scanner UPSI ............................................................................ 13
Figure 7: Halal Food Guide.............................................................................................. 13
Figure 8: RAD .................................................................................................................. 16
Figure 9: RAD .................................................................................................................. 16
Figure 10: MIT App Inventor .......................................................................................... 18
Figure 11: Blocks ............................................................................................................. 18
Figure 12: System Architecture ....................................................................................... 19
Figure 14: Activity diagram ............................................................................................. 21
Figure 15: User Interface ................................................................................................. 23
Figure 16: Main page ....................................................................................................... 24
Figure 17: Admin authentication page ............................................................................. 24
Figure 18: Admin page..................................................................................................... 25
Figure 19: Admin feedback .............................................................................................. 25
Figure 20: Home page ...................................................................................................... 26
viii
Figure 21: Search ............................................................................................................. 26
Figure 22: Scan ................................................................................................................ 27
Figure 23: Website ........................................................................................................... 27
Figure 24: Message .......................................................................................................... 28
Figure 25: User feedback ................................................................................................. 28
Figure 26: Gender ............................................................................................................ 32
Figure 27: Religion .......................................................................................................... 33
Figure 28: Profession ....................................................................................................... 34
Figure 29: Usability of the application ............................................................................ 34
Figure 30: Interface .......................................................................................................... 35
Figure 31: Functionality of the system............................................................................. 36
TABLES
Table 3-1: Gantt chart FYP I ............................................................................................ 29
Table 3-2: Gantt chart FYP II .......................................................................................... 30
1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study
According to Mahdi (2015), halal words originated from Arabic phrase which
have permitted or allowed by Islamic Law. Halal is not only for food. It includes
every activity in Muslim’s life, such as relationship with humanity, animals and
other living things, attire, business transaction and any other activities which
already have guidelines specified by Islam Samori, Ishak, and Kassan (2014). For
food processing, it is not only the slaughtering process should be taken into
account or whether the food are free from alcohol and swine but the whole process
also should follow the guideline set by the Department of Islamic Development
(JAKIM).
Besides known as a Muslim country, Malaysia also well known as a global halal
hub country. The World Competitiveness Scoreboard rank Malaysia in top ten as
potential halal leader in food industry (Bohari, Hin, & Fuad, 2013). Since
Malaysia has a large population of Muslim, most of products sold at the market
and shops must have a valid halal certificate to facilitate customers especially
Muslim to shop without feeling worried. To make sure Malaysia is becoming a
global halal hub as claimed, Malaysia introduced Malaysian Standard: Halal Food-
2
Production, Preparation and Storage-General Guidelines, known as MS
1500:2004/2009. This standard is a guideline for the food industry to handle and
prepare halal food. It will be used together with MS 1480 and MS 1514.
1.2 Problem Statement
Lack of halal awareness among Muslim
As a Muslim, being aware of what type of food and products that can be
consumed are very important. But many researches shows that there is a lack of
halal awareness among Muslim itself. Ahmad, Abaidah, and Yahya (2013)
concluded in their research by stating that there are many Muslim that still not
concerned about halal food that they consumed. They argue that, Muslim will
change their attitude towards halal food if JAKIM plays their role effectively.
Kordnaeij, Askaripoor, and Bakhshizadeh (2013) also agree that awareness
among Muslim’s consumer towards halal food is still low.
Misuse of halal logo
Halal logo is very important to Muslim consumers as sign that the products can
be consumed. So many businesses will get halal logo to attract Muslim users to
consume their products. However, to get halal certificate business organizations
will have to fulfill many requirements and get through a very certain process
which can take up to three months to two years (Kordnaeij et al., 2013).
Because of that, many business organizations, not only small business, but large
business, faked halal logo because some of their products do not meet the
conditions set by JAKIM (Rezai, Mohamed, Shamsudin, & FC, 2009).
3
Lack of law enforcement
Since there are many misused of halal logos, it can be shown that there is a lack
of enforcement from responsible parties such as JAKIM and local authorities.
This is because JAKIM did not have authority to conduct inspections and
prosecute premises that misused halal logo (Z. Ismail & Ehsan, 2010). The
authority is given to Kementerian Perdagangan Dalam Negeri Dan Hal Ehwal
Pengguna (KPDN and HEP) to do any actions, such as compound, seize and
prosecute the premises. While JAKIM’s roles just give certification to the
business organizations and become witnesses in some related cases (Omar &
Anas, 2014). Ismail & Ehsan also mentioned that lack of visits from JAKIM
causes rampant abuse of halal logo.
1.3 Objectives and Scope of Study
1.3.1 Objectives
The objectives of this project are:
To increase the halal awareness among consumers
To help consumers identify foods of products that are using the fake halal
logo
To identify the suitable tools and approach to be used for the system
project
1.3.2 Scope of study
Target user for this app are consumers that concern about the halal status of the
products and food that they consume. This app is not targeted only for Muslim
4
consumers, but also non-Muslim who chooses halal food and products because
of the quality and health (F. R. b. H. Ismail & Nasiruddin, 2014). User also
must have smartphone with Android as their operating system. This is because,
this app will be built based on android application. The range of age for target
user is not limited to adult only.
This project will focus on business organization around Seri Iskandar, Perak.
This is because, this area is near to author place. Besides that, majority of
citizen here is Muslim. Moreover, there are many higher institutions here that
are Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Universiti Teknologi MARA
(UiTM), Kolej Profesional MARA Seri Iskandar (KPMSI), Institut Kemahiran
Belia Negara (IKBN) and many more. So author can get many respondents for
the questionnaire from different educational background.
5
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW AND/OR THEORY
2.1 Scope of halal
Halal is very synonym with Muslim. This is because halal is not something that
Muslim can choose to follow or not. Halal is an obligation and Muslim must
follow this rules as stated in Quran and Sunnah. Rezai, Mohamed, Shamsudin, and
F.C. (2009) stated that halal is relate with faith in Islam. Consuming halal food or
products will lead to a better life and will increase iman (faith) in Islam. Halal
means free from anything that can make food or products become. For example,
halal food is free from pork, alcohol, animals which are not slaughtered according
to syara’ (Islamic law) and any other things that lead to syubhah (not clear).
Besides free from pork, alcohol and any other related things, to determine the
status of halal for certain products or food, it involves the processing raw materials,
storage, handling, and transportation, equipment, retailing processing aids,
distribution and packaging as mentioned by Ahmad et al. Hassan and Awang
(2009) agreed that to process halal products, all the process, storing, utensils,
machineries must be freed from contamination and cannot be contacted with
haram substances. The process also must follow Islamic law (as cited in Twaigery
and Spilman (1989)).
6
When talking about halal, most people especially non-Muslim will think that it is
only for food. As stated by Aziz and Wahab (n.d.) Halal Industry Development
Corporation in Malaysia views that Malaysia’s halal level is not only for food, but
also attire and other lifestyles. Halal guideline that had been prepared by JAKIM is
not only for food but also for other products. This is to ensure that the products
that will be developed are safe, quality and free from haram substances that had
been listed by Islamic law. Samori et al. (2014) also agreed that halal is not only
for food or drink, but also for relationship, attire, business transaction and
investment.
2.2 Awareness
Malaysia that had been claimed as Islamic nation also had been claimed to be
global halal hub. This is because, with the majority of Muslim in the citizen,
Malaysia should have many halal foods and products. Besides that Malaysia is a
pioneer to a comprehensive standard called Malaysian Standard: Halal Food-
Production, Preparation and Storage-General Guidelines or MS 1500:2004
(Samori et al.). It also can be seen when there are many halal certified foods,
products and restaurants in Malaysia. In some shopping malls, products that
contain haram substances will be separated from halal products to make sure that
Muslim consumers will not buy non-halal products.
Since choosing halal foods and products is an obligation in Islam, so it is crucial
for Muslim to know and recognize which types of food that they can consume and
not. This is because, every year JAKIM identified many foods and products that
did not have certified halal logo. Since in Malaysia there are lots of foods and
products that have halal logo, it is a major problem to Muslim because they did not
7
know which foods or products that have the real halal certificate. In this part,
JAKIM and KPDNKK must play their role effectively because Muslim in
Malaysia trust JAKIM’s halal logo in measuring whether the products or foods can
be consumed or not (Ahmad et al., 2013). This is also agreed by Samori et al.
when Muslim in Malaysia will only consume foods or products when there is halal
logo on it.
Due to this matter, Ahmad et al. stressed that Muslim are less concern about halal
food that they consume in Malaysia. They were more concern about price and
place of the food. Another matter for Muslim awareness towards halal products
were stated by Mathew, Abdullah, and Ismail (2012) when Muslim are more
concern of halal food rather than halal cosmetics. The survey that had been made
by KasehDia Consultancy also agreed by Rahim, Shafii, and Shahwan (2013).
Since most of cosmetics products were developed by non-Muslim and from non-
Muslim country, so some of the ingredients will include humectants, gelatin and
fatty acid that derived from pig.
However, there are some factors that influence the behavior of Muslim choosing
halal foods or products. First is religiosity (Ahmad et al.). They stressed that factor
of religiosity influenced the buying behavior of Muslim towards halal food. They
claimed that, Muslims that are more religious or committed in Islam will carefully
choose the foods or products that they want to consume even though there is halal
logo or not. This factor also agreed by Kordnaeij et al. (2013) and Masnono (2005)
where Muslims that have more faith and religious in Islam will still make
consideration when consuming foods or products even though it have certified
halal logo from JAKIM.
8
The obligation that Muslim should consume halal products not just because it is
only for Muslim, it is because of health and quality. Through the guideline for
processing halal food, it can be seen that to process halal food must follow a very
strict rules and regulations. As mentioned above, it involves process from raw
materials to distributing the products or foods (Guide to Understanding Halal
Foods). Besides must be slaughtered following Islamic law, free from pork and
alcohol, cleanliness of the processing place is also taken into account.
Mathew et al. (2012) mentioned that halal food is not about clean, it also about
safety. Based on their research on Acceptance on Halal Food among Non-Muslim
consumers, there are positive response from non-Muslim towards halal food. This
is because a halal food is food that is clean, safe and halal. Since consume a
healthy food can lead to a healthy life, so non-Muslim consumers choose halal
food because of reasons mentioned above. F. R. b. H. Ismail and Nasiruddin (2014)
also agree that concern towards health makes non-Muslim chooses halal food as
their choice for healthy lifestyle.
2.3 Misuse of halal logo
With all steps and precautions that had been prepared by Malaysian government in
order to put Malaysia as global halal hub, there are still lots of misusing of halal
logo. Every year, JAKIM identified many companies that are using faked halal
logo in their products. This statement can be proven with an article from Utusan
Malaysia titled "Jakim kesan 27 kes salah guna logo halal" 2004). In this article
mentioned that among 302 cases that had been investigated, there are 27
companies that did not follow the rules and regulations that had been stated by
JAKIM.
9
This situation is worsen when JAKIM itself issued a statement that not all
products that have halal logo is halal. They advised Muslim consumers to
carefully buy products even the products have halal logo ("Bukan semua produk
logo halal adalah halal," 2011). Since the rules and regulations to obtain halal
certification is very strict, many companies decided to fake the logo. On 2013,
there are four premises have use fake halal logo in Sarawak ("JAIS kesan empat
premis langgar perakuan halal | New Sarawak Tribune," 2013). In the same year
also, 20 to 30 non-Muslim companies detected by JAKIM using halal logo but the
ingredients in their products contain substances that are not clear and may lead to
haram (Said, 2013).
2.4 Current issue
On 2006, Malaysia was shocked with the news of High 5 Bakery Company is
using pork oil as one of the ingredients when baking bread. The short message
services (SMS) then when viral at that time, makes JAKIM with KPDNKK do
investigation in that factory. The result is that their halal certification was already
expired for five months. JAKIM also takes samples of oils that are said containing
pork oil for laboratory examination to confirm the allegation (Administrator, 2006).
Based from the analysis, the oil that had been prosecuted containing pork DNA
which is allegedly used to make bread is not true. The other issue arising from the
investigation is the factory is very dirty ("Soal Jawab Bersama PPIM," 2009).
Last year, 2014, Malaysia once again shocked by two of Cadbury Dairy Milk
chocolate products were found to have porcine (pork) deoxyribonucleic acid
10
(DNA) ("2 Cadbury chocolate products officially �not halal� for now - The
Malaysian Insider," 2014). The two of Cadbury products are Cadbury Dairy Milk
Hazelnut and Cadbury Dairy Milk Roast Almond. During this time, JAKIM and
Ministry of Health (MOH) stated that the two products were positively contain
porcine DNA.
Once again, the status of halal for Cadbury Dairy Milk products were questioned
and not only the two products that were claimed to have porcine DNA but all
Cadbury products also affected. After some samples were examined, finally
JAKIM and MOH declared that all Cadbury products including the two that were
effected are free from any porcine DNA and safe to eat by Muslim.
2.5 Current work
2.5.1 JAKIM
To facilitate Muslim in updating halal information, JAKIM have done three
measures which are publish an updated list of companies that get halal
certification in their website, creating e-halal website for companies to check
their current halal status and establishing a short message service (SMS) for
consumer to give any information regarding halal matters (Samori et al.).
Moreover, every company that has halal certification must renew their license
every two years.
11
2.5.2 Companies
Moreover, companies corporate with media when advertising their products by
stressing about certified halal logo on their products such as Colgate toothpaste
and Cadbury Dairy milk. JAKIM also uses media such as television, radio, social
media, internet, banner, pamphlet and many more to spread information
regarding halal issues (Rahim et al., 2013). They also noted that Mohd Amri
Abdullah, Deputy Director of JAKIM mentioned that the information about halal
also had been spread to foreign embassy and foreign Islamic organizations.
Furthermore, there are also some universities in Malaysia has set up their own
halal research center and provide courses for students who like to pursue their
studies in halal research.
2.5.3 Existing halal apps
There are some halal apps that already existed in Google store. The halal apps
are not only used in Malaysia, but also worldwide such as Indonesia and some
Arabic countries. Most apps have search functions where users can search for the
products or shops that they want and a list of similar products or shops will
appear. Based from that list, users will choose which products or shops that they
want. Then, the information such as company’s name, business information, and
halal status information will be appeared. The examples are “Halal Malaysia”,
“Cek Halal” and “myJAKIM” apps.
12
Figure 1: Halal Malaysia
Figure 2: Cek Halal
Figure 3: myJAKIM
There are also apps that displaying codes for halal and haram ingredients. In the
apps users can choose code for the ingredients. After that, the code, with name
and description of the ingredients will be displayed and users also can see the
status of the ingredients. The example of this app is “Halal or Haraam E-Codes”.
Another examples are “Halal” app that will display location of halal restaurant,
“Halal Barcode Scanner UPSI” app that will scan barcode of products, and
“Halal Food Recipes Guide” app that will list up all halal food recipes.
13
From all apps that had been developed, there is common problem for all apps
which were not yet updated. From the review of the apps, most users responded
the same thing; the databases were not updated and users cannot find products
that they want.
Figure 4: Halal or Haraam E-codes
Figure 5: Halal
Figure 6: Halal Barcode Scanner UPSI
Figure 7: Halal Food Guide
14
2.6 Suggested development
Ahmad et al. suggested that JAKIM must play their roles correctly in promoting
and to increase the awareness among consumer about halal. Their suggestion is
that to make all food producers to obtain halal logo from JAKIM. Their idea is to
make sure that there are no food procedures will fake halal logo again. While
Kordnaeij et al. (2013) suggest that to change consumers’ attitude towards halal
products JAKIM needs to improve the way JAKIM promoting halal. They also
suggest that Muslim’s knowledge on halal should be enhancing during religious
teaching in school or higher institutions. Rezai, Mohamed, Shamsudin, and F.C.
(2009) suggest that JAKIM should use the technology to detect the status halal of
imported products.
15
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY/PROJECT WORK
3.1 Development Methodology
For the development of this project, author would like to use Rapid Application
Development (RAD). This is because, RAD is famous used for a project within a
short period. Moreover, the period for the development of this app is only 3 - 4
months. In addition, RAD also suitable for small scale of project. Since it is for
fast development process, RAD did not follow the usual development stages
which are planning, analysis, design and implementation. Based on figure 10
below, there are 6 steps for RAD which are analyze, quote and approve, mockup,
create, stage and test, and release. However, these steps might differ from other
figure.
Based on figure 8 below, RAD is less formal than other Software Development
Life Cycle (SDLC). This is because, it did not follow the usual development
process, sometimes reused software component, and early prototyping. The
advantages of RAD are as mentioned above, it is suitable for developing a system
in short time. It is also use less people in development team but can produce good
system. Since it is reused software component, so it increase the reusability and
also take shorter time rather than to develop new one.
16
Figure 8: RAD
Figure 9: RAD
Figure 9 above shows the implementation of RAD in the development of this
project. There are 6 stages of RAD that involve in this development. The first one
is the Analysis and Quick Design. In this stage, the author do research related with
halal issues in Malaysia. The author read many articles and research papers
regarding this matter. This activities are to gather information and to find the
current issues. Based from all the readings, the author can come out with issues
related and try to find the solution from it. After find the issues and suggesting
some solutions, the author did some survey to choose the best solution and find
users requirement, the author starts to plan on the development of the project.
• Do research related with Halal issues in Malaysia
• Plan to design the appAnalysis and Quick Design
• Design the application
• Develop the prototypeBuild
• Test the app in smart phone to see the functionality
Demonstrate
• Identify weaknesses in the app and correct it
• Make sure all functions work wellRefine
• Do testing to some users in targeted area
• Ask for feedbackTesting
• Develop final prototypeImplementation
17
The second, third and fourth stages in the figure 8 are cycle stages where these
stages will keep rotating until the development phases in it are finish. During these
stages, the author focus on the development of the project. On the Build stage the
author first create storyboard about the application. During this stage, the author
plan the flow of the system so that the application will have all the functions based
from the user requirement. During this stage also, the author have to decided what
type of platform that she will choose in order to build this application. After
several research and reading, the author decided to choose MIT App Inventor 2 to
develop this application. The author develop this application using help from many
online tutorials. Since this is first time author have used this application, it took
quite time for the author to learn it.
In Demonstrate stage, the author test the application function by function. After
learn from the online tutorials and develop the function, the author will test it. This
is to ensure that the function is working before the author starts to develop other
functions. In Refine stage, the author will identify weaknesses in the app and the
functions. The author will replace it with other functions that can be used but still
fulfilling the objectives of the project. All these three stages will keep rotating
until all the functions are corrected and work well.
After these three stages are done, the author do some testing to some consumers in
the targeted area. This process is to test the functionality and efficiency. The
author also distribute questionnaire to the respondents to ask for feedback. Based
from the feedback, the author will do some correction and improvement to the
18
application. In the final stage, the Implementation stage, the author will develop
the final prototype.
3.2 Tools for development
For this project, I will use MIT App Inventor to develop my Android application.
App Inventor, originally provided by Google, is an open source web application
that allows users to develop their own mobile application even though they did not
have experience in creating any. Now, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
(MIT) maintained this web application. Figure 10 and 11 below shows the logo
and screenshot of MIT App Inventor respectively.
Figure 10: MIT
App Inventor
Figure 11: Blocks
19
3.3 System Architecture
User
Admin
Server Database
Figure 12: System Architecture
Figure 12 above shows the system architecture for this mobile application. There
are two types of actors for this application, the admin and the user. When the user
use the application, his request will go directly to server which is JAKIM. Even
though the user is in offline state, when he send the message to JAKIM, the
message will go to JAKIM server to find the request. If the request is found, then
the server will reply the message with the result. For admin, as for now, he will
edit and update the database of halal products and services. Since there are less
than 20 products in the database, admin can update manually which is means that
the admin have to refer to JAKIM database and take the data and update manually
in the application database.
20
3.4 Use case
search products
scan QR code
give/view feedback
view status
edit database
update database login
USER
ADMIN
Figure 13: Use case
Figure 13 above shows the use case for this mobile application. The use case
shows that user can search the products and scan the code. User also can give and
view feedback after using the application. This function is for the developer for
future development and improvement. After searching or scanning, user will know
the status of the products. While admin also can view status. Besides that, admin
can edit or update databases. To do that, it requires admin to login. This is to
ensure security of the data.
21
3.5 Activity Diagram
Admin User
Admin Login
Add/Edit/Delete database
Search Scan
Scan QR URL
Online Offline
Scan QR SMS
View/get result
Give/View feedback
Send SMS
Yes
No
Figure 14: Activity diagram
Figure 14 above shows the activity diagram for the application. When user starts the
application, he will have to choose which types of user he is, either the Admin or the
User. If the user is admin, when he choose Admin button, it will lead him to the
22
authentication page. If the user enter the incorrect username and password, then he will
stay at this page. But if he enter the correct username and password, he will go to Admin
Page where he can add, edit and delete the database.
If the user is just regular user, when he chooses User button, he will go to Home Page
where he have to choose either to Search for the database or Scan the QR code. When
the user chooses Search button, he will then go to Search page. He only need to type in
the name of the product then click on Search button to get the result of halal status of
that product. If he chooses Scan, he will go to scanning page.
This function allow user to be either in online or offline state. If the user is online, he
have to scan QR code that will link him to a website that view the halal status of that
product. But if the user is offline, he have to scan QR code that will send message to
JAKIM. When the user scan the code, a format message will appear which is
“<HALAL> <SEMAK> <company registration number>”. The advantage using this
function is that, user did not have to search for the company’s registration number
because in the code already have that company’s registration number. This message will
then send to JAKIM. The user just need to wait for JAKIM to reply the message. This
function will incur cost RM0.20 for every message delivered.
After using this application, user can leave comment or feedback to developer for future
development. Figure 15 below shows the interfaces of this application. It shows that the
interfaces that user will see on every process.
23
Figure 15: User Interface
1
2
6
3
4
5 7
8 9 10
24
1. Main page
Figure 16: Main page
This is the main page that user will see after they
start the application. On this interface, there are two
functions where user can choose. The functions are
“Admin” and “User”. If the current user is an
admin, he can choose either “Admin” or “User”. If
the current user is not an admin, he only can choose
“User”.
2. Admin authentication
page
Figure 17: Admin authentication page
When the user choose “Admin”, he will see this
interface. Here, if he is an admin, he can enter user
name and password to proceed to the next page. If
the user name and password is wrong, he cannot
proceed to the next page. The next page is where
admin can add, edit, and delete database.
25
3. Admin page
Figure 18: Admin page
When the user name and the password is
authenticated, the admin can add, edit or delete the
products or services in the database.
4. Admin feedback
Figure 19: Admin feedback
In this admin’s feedback screen, admin can add,
view and delete feedback from users. Admin can
use this function for application development.
26
5. Home page
Figure 20: Home page
This is the home page for user. Here, user have two
functions to choose which are “Search” or “Scan”.
6. Search
Figure 21: Search
When user chooses “Search”, it will go to this
screen. Here, user only have to type what is the
product or service that he wants to look for. Then,
he push the “Search” button and the result will
display at the same screen. For this function, the
database is stored in the phone and also in the
internet database. Since the database is stored in the
phone, user will get the result faster and user can
use this function when they did not have internet
connection.
27
7. Scan
Figure 22: Scan
From the “Home page”, when user chooses “Scan”
function, he will go to this screen. User can use this
function whether they have internet connection or
not. If user have internet connection, he needs to
scan QR code that contain URL address but if user
did not have internet connection he needs to scan
QR code that contain text message. Here, user can
scan QR code which had been displayed at the
premise. User have to push “Scan” button and scan
the code. When the camera detect the code that
contain URL address, “Go” button will appear and
user need to push that button. Otherwise, when
camera detect the code containing text message,
“Send SMS” button will appear.
8. Website
Figure 23: Website
When camera detects the code contain URL
address, and user push “Go” button, it will show a
website contain halal information about the premise
which user had scanned before. The information are
company name, halal certification expired date,
JAKIM reference number and the status.
28
9. Message
Figure 24: Message
When the camera detects the code contain text
message, and user push “Send SMS” button, it will
go to SMS function in user phone. In the text
message, the format message (SEMAK HALAL
<company registration number>) that user needs to
type to send SMS to JAKIM already typed in the
message box along with the company registration
number. The number that user needs to send
(15888) the message also already there in the
recipient number box. The user only need to send
the message and wait for the reply. The user will be
charged with RM0.20 if he uses this function.
10. User’s feedback
Figure 25: User feedback
In this screen user can give feedback to Admin for
any improvement or development that can be done
in the application. User can only submit feedback
but cannot delete it.
29
3.6 Gantt chart
Duration (Week) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
FYP
I
Task
PLANNING
Problem Identification
Project Topic
Submission
Define Objectives of
Project
Research Paper Reading
Tools Research &
Selection
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Extended Proposal
Submission
DESIGN
Designing the
Architecture
Construct UML:
Diagram
Define Functions
Submission of Interim
Report
Project Proposal Defense Table 3-1: Gantt chart FYP I
30
Duration (Week) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
FYP
II
Task
DEVELOPMENT
Build the application
Progress report
submission
Improvement of the
prototype
Pre-SEDEX
DEPLOYEMENT
Testing
SEDEX
NRIC
VIVA
Project Submission Table 3-2: Gantt chart FYP II
31
CHAPTER 4
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Data analysis
To see whether this application is fulfilling the objectives, the author have done
some testing to users around target area which is Seri Iskandar. The author have
chooses 10 respondents to be the tester and after the testing is done, they are
required to fill the questionnaire to get the feedback. The author take one day to do
this testing and the targeted area is at Billion Seri Iskandar.
4.1.1 Questionnaire
To get user feedback on the application, the author had asked all the testers to
answer one set of questionnaire with 13 questions including open and closed
ended questions. The types of questions that had been asked are demography
questions, usability, interface and functionality of the system.
32
a. Demography
Figure 26: Gender
Figure 16 above shows the gender of the respondents that involve in this
testing activities. There are 70% of female respondents involved in this testing
activities while on male respondents are 30%.
30%
70%
Gender
male
female
33
Figure 27: Religion
Figure 17 above shows the religion for the respondents that involve in this
testing activities. The author had mentioned above that the user for this
application is not only for Muslims so the participations from other religion
besides Muslims are very important. Based from the figure above, majority of
the respondents for this testing are Muslims with 70%. While Christian, Hindu
and others are only 10%.
70%
10%
10%
10%
RELIGION
islam christian buddhist hindu others
34
Figure 28: Profession
Figure 18 shows the profession for the respondents that involve in this testing
activities. Based on the figure above, it shows that 50% of the respondents are
university or college students while 30% are worker and 20% are school
students.
Figure 29: Usability of the application
For usability (refer to figure 19), all users agree that this application is user
friendly, very easy to use and also easy to understand even for the first time
20%
50%
30%
Profession
school student
university/collegestudent
worker
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
1. This mobile application isvery easy to use
2. This mobile application isuser friendly
3. This mobile application isvery easy to understand
Usability
No Yes
35
user. This is because, this application have two functions only which are
search and scan. This is to ensure that this application fulfill the requirements
and objectives that had been decided earlier.
Figure 30: Interface
For interface (refer to figure 20), most of the user did not have any problem
with the interface of the application. During testing, some users mentioned
that the color and font are not suitable for some users and the color are
striking and the font is small. They suggest to use less striking color and use
thick font.
0 2 4 6 8 10
1. The interface is simple
and creative
2. The font and background
color/picture are contrast
3. The background color
used in the system is suitable
Interface
No Yes
36
Figure 31: Functionality of the system
For functionality (refer to figure 21), all users agree this application can help
them identify fake halal logo this is because, when they scan the logo, the
result is taken directly from JAKIM halal website. They also agree this
application is very suitable to use as this is the latest technology. Two users
suggest the author to add other function in the application such as comment
for users to give any feedback or information. They also suggest to put other
halal information such as list of certified foreign halal logo.
4.2 Limitation
There are several limitations faced by the author during the development of this
project.
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
1. This application can help me toidentify fake halal logo.
2. There should be more functionsin this application.
3. This mobile application is verysuitable for this kind of purposes.
Functionality
No Yes
37
4.2.1 MIT App Inventor
Even though MIT App Inventor is very easy to learn, but this application have
several weaknesses. One of it is this application cannot import Java code. The
whole application must be built using the blocks that had been provided in the
application. Even though the coding is in normal language, but without Java code,
it is very hard to develop a very good android application. Besides that MIT App
Inventor only support Android. The developer cannot build iOS application using
MIT App Inventor.
4.2.2 Accessing Halal website
During the development, the author need to access to Halal website in order to
get information regarding the companies with the halal status information. But
there are certain time when the website is down and the author cannot access it to
get information. Since the author is using QR code for this project, the author
intended to link the QR code directly to Halal website so that the user will get
correct information. Unfortunately, there is no direct link to open page that have
the information needed as the page appear as pop up page in the website.
To solve this problems, the author have to create an account on free website and
have to copy the information needed such as name of the company, certification
expired date, halal status and JAKIM reference number to this website and direct
the QR code to this website. This is to show to the user that using QR code is the
easiest and fastest way to get information.
38
4.2.3 Internet connection
To develop this application, the author have to always connect to the internet.
Besides that, both smartphone and computer must connect in the same network to
do testing before the application is publish. During the development, most of the
time the author will use UTP LAN internet connection and the author will use the
emulator to test the application. There are many times when the connection is
suddenly lost and it takes some times to connect back. The connection also is
very slow and it is hard for the author to develop the application when the
connection is slow.
4.2.4 Time constraint
The duration of project development also become the limitation for this project.
This is because, the author only have less than 3 months to start and finish this
project. Since this is first time the author use MIT App Inventor, the author needs
some time to understand the application and build the project. Besides that, the
author also have many other responsibilities as student such as to attend classes,
study for quizzes and tests, and involving in events.
39
CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Conclusion
Halal is very important especially towards Muslims because it is Muslim way of
life. Lack of information and difficulties to know the status of some products
makes some Muslims take this halal matters lightly. Using existing technology
advances, it helped Muslims a lot in this matter. Users did not have to search for
halal website or even to read blogs just to know the halal status of some products
or services. Users also can search it at anywhere and anytime whether they are
online or offline.
Based on testing that had been done, it shows that this application help users to
know halal status of some products in Seri Iskandar area. Even though the
products in the database are not many, but most of the users are satisfied with the
application and they encourage the author to improve this application by adding
more products and services. Overall, this application is easy to use and very
helpful to users to know halal status and for Muslims to have confidence in
everything that they consume.
40
5.2 Recommendations
5.2.1 Functionality
5.2.1.1 Add search function for E-Code or E-numbers
One of the comment from the user testing feedback, is to add search function to
search for E-Code or E-numbers description. This is because, for some products
such as candies, where it did not have any code to scan, consumer will not
know the status of the product. The only reference that consumer have is the list
of ingredients on the product. But, most of the ingredients are using the
scientific names with codes. According to Wikipedia (2015) E-numbers is list
of codes for the use of food additive as ingredients in food. This code had been
used in European Union where the “E” stands for Europe.
These E-codes has been divided into several range for its own uses. Below is
the list of the codes:
4.1 E100–E199 (colors)
4.2 E200–E299 (preservatives)
4.3 E300–E399 (antioxidants, acidity regulators)
4.4 E400–E499 (thickeners, stabilizers, emulsifiers)
4.5 E500–E599 (acidity regulators, anti-caking agents)
4.6 E600–E699 (flavor enhancers)
4.7 E700–E799 (antibiotics)
4.8 E900–E999 (glazing agents and sweeteners)
4.9 E1000–E1599 (additional chemicals)
Under all these codes contain animal fat where it comes to a concern from
consumers especially Muslim consumers on which codes for pig fat.
41
5.2.1.2 Add more products in the database
For the earlier development of this project, the author decided to store less than
20 products and services in this application. The author planning to add more
products in the database after receiving feedback from users. Based from the
testing that had been done, most users like this application and encourage the
author to publish it in the Google Play Store so that more consumers can use
this application. They suggest that the author add more products and services in
the database so that user will have more products and services to search for.
5.2.1.3 Liaise with JAKIM so that the database can be updated manually
Since there are less than 20 products and services in the database, the author
can update it manually. Since there are request from users to add products and
services in the database, they also suggest that the author should work together
with JAKIM so that the author did not have to update the products and services
manually. Besides that, users also will get latest and updated information about
the halal status of products and services.
42
6
7
8 REFERENCES
2 Cadbury chocolate products officially not halal for now - The Malaysian Insider.
(2014, May 24, 2014). The Malaysian Insider. Retrieved from
http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/2-cadbury-chocolate-
products-officially-not-halal-for-now
Administrator. (2006). Sijil halal roti High 5 tamat hampir sebulan. Berita Harian
Retrieved from http://www.nccc.org.my/v2/index.php/nccc-di-pentas-
media/2006/268-berita-harian-sijil-halal-roti-high-5-tamat-hampir-sebulan
Ahmad, N. A. b., Abaidah, T. N. b. T., & Yahya, M. H. b. A. (2013, 4 - 5 March 2013).
A Study on Halal Food Awareness Among Muslim Customers in Klang Valley.
Paper presented at the 4th International Conference on Business and Economic
Research (4th ICBER 2013) Proceeding, Golden Flower Hotel, Banding,
Indonesia.
Aziz, N. N. A., & Wahab, E. Understanding of Halal Cosmetics Products TPB Model.
University Tun Hussein Onn.
Bohari, A. M., Hin, C. W., & Fuad, N. (2013). The competitiveness of halal food
industry in Malaysia A SWOT - ICT analysis. Malaysia Journal of Society and
Space, 9(1).
Bukan semua produk logo halal adalah halal. (2011). Retrieved from
http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/info.asp?y=2011&dt=0209&pub=Utusan_Mal
aysia&sec=Muka_Hadapan&pg=mh_05.htm
Guide to Understanding Halal Foods.
43
Hassan, W. M. W., & Awang, K. W. (2009). Halal Food in New Zealand Restaurants
An Exploratory Study. International Journal of Economics and Management,
3(2), 385-402.
Ismail, F. R. b. H., & Nasiruddin, K. b. (2014). Perception of Non-Muslim Consumers
towards Halal Products in Malaysia. International Journal of Accounting and
Business Management (Online), 2(1), 128-133.
Ismail, Z., & Ehsan, A. H. (2010). HALAL NUTRACEUTICAL MARKET ISSUES
AND CHALLENGES. SEGi Review, 3(2), 96-117.
JAIS kesan empat premis langgar perakuan halal. (2013). New Sarawak Tribune.
Retrieved from http://www.utusansarawakonline.com/news/4189/JAIS-kesan-
empat-premis-langgar-perakuan-halal/
Jakim kesan 27 kes salah guna logo halal. (2004). Utusan Malaysia. Retrieved from
http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/info.asp?y=2004&dt=0717&pub=Utusan_Mal
aysia&sec=Muka_Hadapan&pg=mh_10.htm
Kordnaeij, A., Askaripoor, H., & Bakhshizadeh, A. (2013). Studying Affecting Factors
on Customers’ Attitude toward Products with Halal Brand (Case study: Kuala
lumpur, Malaysia). International Research Journal of Applied and Basic
Sciences, 4(10), 3138-3145.
Mahdi, N. (2015). Halal Definition. Retrieved from
http://www.halal.gov.my/v3/index.php/en/about-halal-certification/halal-
definition
Masnono, A. (2005). FACTORS INFLUENCING THE MUSLIM CONSUMER’S LEVEL
OFCONFIDENCE ON HALAL LOGO ISSUED BY JAKIM: AN EMPIRICAL
STUDY. Retrieved from
Mathew, V. N., Abdullah, A. M. R. b. A., & Ismail, S. N. b. M. (2012). Acceptance on
Halal Food among Non-Muslim Consumers. Paper presented at the Procedia -
Social and Behavioral Sciences, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Omar, A. P. D. C. M. Z. C., & Anas, T. (2014). CHALLENGES AND MARKETING
STRATEGIES OF HALAL PRODUCTS IN MALAYSIA. Paper presented at the
5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND ECONOMIC
RESEARCH, SARAWAK, MALAYSIA.
44
Rahim, N. F., Shafii, Z., & Shahwan, S. (2013). Awareness and Perception of Muslim
Consumers on Non-Food Halal Product. Journal of Social and Development
Sciences, 4(10), 478-487.
Rezai, G., Mohamed, Z. A., Shamsudin, M. N., & F.C., E. C. (2009). Concerns for
Halalness of Halal-labelled Food Proudtcs Among Muslim Consumers in
Malaysia: Evaluation of Selected Demographic Factors. Economic and
Technology Management Review, 4, 65-73.
Rezai, G., Mohamed, Z. A., Shamsudin, M. N., & FC, E. C. (2009). Concerns for
Halalness of Halal-labelled Food Proudtcs Among Muslim Consumers in
Malaysia Evaluation of Selected Demographic Factors. Economic and
Technology Management Review, 4, 65-73.
Said, R. M. (2013). Syarikat bukan Islam palsukan logo halal. Utusan Malaysia.
Retrieved from
http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/Dalam_Negeri/20130730/dn_15/Syarikat-
bukan-Islam-palsukan-logo-halal
Samori, Z., Ishak, A. H., & Kassan, N. H. (2014). Understanding the Development of
Halal Food Standard: Suggestion for Future Research. International Journal of
Social Science and Humanity, 4(6), 482-486. doi:10.7763/ijssh.2014.v4.403
Soal Jawab Bersama PPIM. (2009). Retrieved from
http://ppim.org/portal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=207&It
emid=249
45
9 APPENDICES
Appendix 1: Questionnaire for testing
Recommended