Ancient Egypt consisted of Upper and Lower Egypt

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Ancient Egypt consisted of Upper and Lower Egypt.

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Lower Egypt was located near the Mediterranean Sea.

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Upper Egypt was located in southern Egypt.

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It is important to realize that the Nile River originates in southern Egypt.

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About 3000 B.C., a pharaoh named Menes united Upper and Lower Egypt. Menes established Egypt’s first dynasty. A dynasty is a ruling family.

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The Ancient Egyptians believed that Pharaoh was a god-king or a divine ruler.

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But Egypt was too vast to be ruled by the pharaoh alone. A large group of priests, nobles, and governors shared his authority.

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A large group of people who do government work is known as a bureaucracy.

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The priests were responsible for seeing that the gods were worshipped in the proper ways.

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If the forms of worship were not correct, the gods might become angry and punish the people with failed crops or sickness.

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The ancient Egyptians believed that a person’s spirit lived after death.

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They mummified the dead to ensure that the spirit could enjoy the afterlife.

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To mummify the dead, the internal organs had to be removed. The brain had to be removed through the nose.

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Some dynasties built pyramids as tombs for deceased pharaohs.

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The ancient Egyptians were very advanced. They developed a system of geometry to help landowners measure their land. A knowledge of geometry was important to the pyramid builders.

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The Nile River and the Neolithic Revolution made civilization possible in Egypt.