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An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehiclessystems for future vehicles
Florent MONTIGNACFlorent MONTIGNAC11, Isabelle NOIROT, Isabelle NOIROT11, Serge CHAUDOURNE, Serge CHAUDOURNE11
&&Vincent MOUSSEAUVincent MOUSSEAU22, Denis BOUYSSOU, Denis BOUYSSOU22, Mohammed Ali ALOULOU, Mohammed Ali ALOULOU22, , SébastienSébastien DAMARTDAMART22, Benjamin ROUSVAL, Benjamin ROUSVAL22
11CEA CEA -- French Atomic Energy Commission, Hydrogen Technologies DepartmeFrench Atomic Energy Commission, Hydrogen Technologies Department (DTH) nt (DTH) 17 rue des Martyrs 38054 17 rue des Martyrs 38054 GrenobleGrenoble -- FranceFrance
22LAMSADE, LAMSADE, UniversitéUniversité Paris Dauphine Paris Dauphine Place du Maréchal De Place du Maréchal De LattreLattre de de TassignyTassigny 75 775 Paris 75 775 Paris -- FranceFrance
florent.montignac@cea.fr
22ndnd Decision Deck WorkshopDecision Deck Workshop
February 2008, 21February 2008, 21--2222
LAMSADE LAMSADE -- UniversitéUniversité Paris DauphineParis Dauphine
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 2
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Content
ll Hydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming and cHydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming and climate changelimate change
ll Hydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applicationsHydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applications
ll Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storaImplementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for ge systems for future vehiclesfuture vehicles
•• STORHY, a European projectSTORHY, a European project
•• Structuring the context of the evaluation: actors, alternatives,Structuring the context of the evaluation: actors, alternatives, criteria, boundariescriteria, boundaries
•• Elaborating evaluation models using MACBETH methodElaborating evaluation models using MACBETH method
•• Providing recommendationsProviding recommendations
ll Conclusions and perspectivesConclusions and perspectives
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 3
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Content
ll Hydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming and cHydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming and climate changelimate change
ll Hydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applicationsHydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applications
ll Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storaImplementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for ge systems for future vehiclesfuture vehicles
•• STORHY, a European projectSTORHY, a European project
•• Structuring the context of the evaluation: actors, alternatives,Structuring the context of the evaluation: actors, alternatives, criteria, boundariescriteria, boundaries
•• Elaborating evaluation models using MACBETH methodElaborating evaluation models using MACBETH method
•• Providing recommendationsProviding recommendations
ll Conclusions and perspectivesConclusions and perspectives
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 4
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Hydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming Hydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming and climate changeand climate change
Climate change: a realty directly correlated to greenhouse gases emissions from human activity
Source: IPCC 2007
Source: IPCC 2007
Causes…
…and consequences
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 5
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Hydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming Hydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming and climate changeand climate change
Transport is one of the main sources of greenhouse gases emissions: there is a need to reduce the emissions in this domain
Greenhouse gas emissions by sectors in Europe in 2005
Source: EEA
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 6
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Hydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming Hydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming and climate changeand climate change
Hydrogen is a non carbonated energy carrier
Its conversion into energy does not produce any greenhouse gas
The conversion of hydrogen using Fuel Cells produces electricity, heat and water
HH22
HH22 →→ 2H2H+++2e+2e-- 2H2H+++ ½ O+ ½ O22+2e+2e--→→ HH22OO
Source: CEA
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 7
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Hydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming Hydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming and climate changeand climate change
Moreover, hydrogen can be produced from CO2 free primary energy sources such as nuclear energy and renewable energies
Sources: CEA, Air Liquide, UTRC
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 8
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Content
ll Hydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming and cHydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming and climate changelimate change
ll Hydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applicationsHydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applications
ll Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storaImplementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for ge systems for future vehiclesfuture vehicles
•• STORHY, a European projectSTORHY, a European project
•• Structuring the context of the evaluation: actors, alternatives,Structuring the context of the evaluation: actors, alternatives, criteria, boundariescriteria, boundaries
•• Elaborating evaluation models using MACBETH methodElaborating evaluation models using MACBETH method
•• Providing recommendationsProviding recommendations
ll Conclusions and perspectivesConclusions and perspectives
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 9
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Hydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applicationsHydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applications
Hydrogen gas is characterized by a high gravimetric energy density … but avery low volumetric energy density at ambient temperature and pressure
0.0110.01127.627.635.835.832.232.234.534.5Volumetric energy densityVolumetric energy density(GJ/m(GJ/m33))
120.1120.146.046.043.143.143.243.242.042.0Gravimetric energy densityGravimetric energy density(MJ/kg)(MJ/kg)
HH22(1 bar)(1 bar)LPGLPGDieselDieselGasolineGasolineCrudeCrude
There is a need to increase the volumetric energy density of hydrogen
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 10
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Hydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applicationsHydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applications
In order to improve the volumetric energy density, hydrogen can be stored as a compressed gas, as a cryogenic liquid, or stored in solid materials
Source: UTRC
Compressed gas Cryogenic liquid Storage in solid materials
Source: LindeSource: Dynetek
HH22
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 11
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Hydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applicationsHydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applications
Each one of these technologies has specific advantages and drawbacks
Not mature (lab scale materials research)
Low gravimetric energy density
Heat management, refuelling time
High volumetric energy density
Potentially safer than the other technologies
Storage in solid materials
Hydrogen losses (4% per day)
Energy needed for hydrogen liquefaction
Draft regulations
Costs
Interesting volumetric energy density
Potentially high gravimetric energy density
Cryogenic liquid
Draft regulations
Energy needed for the compression
Low conformability (cylindrical shape)
Costs (carbon fibre)
Mature technology
Similar manufacturing process as compressed natural gas (CNG)
Interesting gravimetric energy density
Compressed gas
DrawbacksAdvantages
None of these technologies is completely satisfactory for the moment
Needs in Research & Development Needs in terms of evaluation
Source: Dynetek
Source: Linde
Source: UTRC
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 12
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Content
ll Hydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming and cHydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming and climate changelimate change
ll Hydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applicationsHydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applications
ll Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storaImplementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for ge systems for future vehiclesfuture vehicles
•• STORHY, a European projectSTORHY, a European project
•• Structuring the context of the evaluation: actors, alternatives,Structuring the context of the evaluation: actors, alternatives, criteria, boundariescriteria, boundaries
•• Elaborating evaluation models using MACBETH methodElaborating evaluation models using MACBETH method
•• Providing recommendationsProviding recommendations
ll Conclusions and perspectivesConclusions and perspectives
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 13
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
STORHY: STORHY: Hydrogen Storage Systems for Automotive ApplicationsHydrogen Storage Systems for Automotive Applications
An Integrated Project within the EU FP6
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 14
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
STORHY: STORHY: Hydrogen Storage Systems for Automotive ApplicationsHydrogen Storage Systems for Automotive Applications
Objective
Investigate advanced technological solutions for each one of the three main hydrogen storage methods
- Compressed gas: hydrogen storage at 700 bars- Cryogenic liquid: lightweight conformable storage systems- Storage in solid materials: investigate new lightweight hydrides
Structure
Car manufacturers
Technical development
Transversal activities
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 15
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Options Evaluation criteria
Performance table
Preferences modelling
Evaluation model
Recommendations
{ }maaaA ,...,, 21= { }ngggF ,...,, 21=
gn(am)Option am
……
gi(aj)Option aj
……
g1(a1)Option a1
Criterion gn…Criterion gi…Criterion g1
3. Providing recommendations
2. Building an evaluation model
1. Structuring the context of the evaluation
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 16
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
3. Providing recommendations
2. Building an evaluation model
1. Structuring the context of the evaluation
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Ø Interaction with car manufacturers in order to agree onØ Alternatives to be comparedØ Evaluation boundariesØ Evaluation criteria
ØØ Interaction with car manufacturers in order to agree onInteraction with car manufacturers in order to agree onØØ Alternatives to be comparedAlternatives to be comparedØØ Evaluation boundariesEvaluation boundariesØØ Evaluation criteriaEvaluation criteria
Ø Interaction with technical sub-projects in order to collect data and build performance tables
Ø Interaction with car manufacturers in order to model their preferences
ØØ Interaction with technical subInteraction with technical sub--projects in order to projects in order to collect data and build performance tablescollect data and build performance tables
ØØ Interaction with car manufacturers in order to model Interaction with car manufacturers in order to model their preferencestheir preferences
Ø Interaction with car manufacturers in order to validate the outputs of the evaluation models
ØØ Interaction with car manufacturers in order to validate Interaction with car manufacturers in order to validate the outputs of the evaluation modelsthe outputs of the evaluation models
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 17
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Technical performanceTechnical performance Social acceptanceSocial acceptance
CostsCosts Environmental impactsEnvironmental impacts
Risks, regulations and standardsRisks, regulations and standards
Refuelling Final use
Production
Recycling
Storage systemCompressed, liquid, solid…
1. Structuring the context of the evaluation
Ø Evaluation boundaries and evaluation domains
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 18
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Ø Technical performance: hypotheses
Evaluation criteria
Ø System volume (l)
Ø System mass (kg)
Ø Refuelling time (min)
Ø Hydrogen loss rate (g/h/kgH2)
The evaluation method is illustrated in the case of 3 hydrogen storage technologies T1, T2 and T3
Final application
Ø Fuel cell vehicle – 6kg of H2
1. Structuring the context of the evaluation
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 19
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Ø The evaluation model is built using the “MACBETH” method (« Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical Based Evaluation TecHnique »).
Ø M-MACBETH Decision Support System available at www.m-macbeth.com
Ø This method is being implemented in public policies, quality management, investment strategies…
Ø MACBETH relies on a cardinal multicriteria aggregation procedure
Ø This procedure is implemented through interactive exchanges with the decision makers
∑=
=n
ijiiij agvwav
1
))(()(Raw performance
Normalized scales of attractivenessScale constants
1. Structuring the context of the evaluation
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 20
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Ø Step 1: raw performance (physical scales)
∑=
=n
ijiiij agvwav
1
))(()(Raw performance
2. Building an evaluation model
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 21
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Ø Performance table obtained from prototypes specifications and system level extrapolations
FC Vehicle6kg H2
~020380100T3
~163110200T2
~04140250T1
H2 loss rate(g/h/kgH2)
Refuelling time(min)
System mass(kg)
System volume
(l)
(example)
2. Building an evaluation model
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 22
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Ø Step 2: normalized scales
∑=
=n
ijiiij agvwav
1
))(()(
Normalized scales of attractiveness
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
2. Building an evaluation model
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 23
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
A major R&D effort is necessary to allow the adoption of the technology
R&D is still necessary to reach satisfying performancelevel on the studied criterion
R&D effort on this criterion is not necessary for the technology
Satisfying level
Acceptable level
Criterion Criterion ggii
Ø Definition of reference levels for each criterion
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
2. Building an evaluation model
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 24
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
(example)
A major R&D effort is necessary to allow the adoption of the technology
R&D is still necessary to reach satisfying performancelevel on the studied criterion
R&D effort on this criterion is not necessary for the technology
Satisfying level – 80l
Acceptable level – 150l
Criterion “System volume”Criterion “System volume”
T3 – 100l
T2 – 200l
T1 – 250l
Ø Definition of reference levels for each criterion
FC Vehicle6kg H2
(example)
(example)
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
2. Building an evaluation model
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 25
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Sat – 80l
Acc – 150l
““System volume” System volume”
Sat – 60kg
Acc – 200kg
““System mass” System mass”
Sat – 0.5g/h/kgH2
Acc – 1g/h/kgH2
““HH22 loss rate” loss rate”
Sat – 5min
Acc – 10min
““Refuelling time” Refuelling time”
T1 – 140kg
T2 – 110kg
T3 – 380kg
T3 – 100l
T2 – 200l
T1 – 250l
T1 – 4min
T2 – 3min
T3 – 20min
T1/T3: ~0
T2 – 16g/h/kgH2
Ø Definition of reference levels for each criterion
FC Vehicle6kg H2
(example)
(example)
(example)
(example)
(example)
(example)
(example)
(example)
(example)
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
2. Building an evaluation model
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 26
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
« no difference »
« very weak »
« weak »
« moderate »
« strong »
« very strong »
« extreme »
??
2. Building an evaluation model
Ø Difference of attractiveness between options
Satisfying level – 80l
Acceptable level – 150l
Criterion “System volume”Criterion “System volume”
T3 – 100l
T2 – 200l
T1 – 250l
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 27
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
2. Building an evaluation model
Ø Difference of attractiveness between options
M-MACBETH software processing:
(example)
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 28
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
2. Building an evaluation model
Sat – 100
Acc – 0
““System volume” System volume”
Sat – 100
Acc – 0
““System mass” System mass”
Sat – 100
Acc – 0
““HH22 loss rate” loss rate”
Sat – 100
Acc – 0
““Refuelling time” Refuelling time”
T1
T2
T3
T3
T2
T1
T1
T2
T3
T1/T3
T2
Ø Normalized scales of attractiveness
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 29
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Ø Step 3: scale constants
∑=
=n
ijiiij agvwav
1
))(()(
2. Building an evaluation model
Scale constants
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 30
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
2. Building an evaluation model
Sat – 80l
Acc – 150l
““System volume” System volume”
Sat – 60kg
Acc – 200kg
““System mass” System mass”
Sat – 0.5g/h/kgH2
Acc – 1g/h/kgH2
““HH22 loss rate” loss rate”
Sat – 5min
Acc – 10min
““Refuelling time” Refuelling time”
ffvolvol
Ø Comparison between fictitious alternatives
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 31
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
2. Building an evaluation model
Sat – 80l
Acc – 150l
““System volume” System volume”
Sat – 60kg
Acc – 200kg
““System mass” System mass”
Sat – 0.5g/h/kgH2
Acc – 1g/h/kgH2
““HH22 loss rate” loss rate”
Sat – 5min
Acc – 10min
““Refuelling time” Refuelling time”
ffmassmass
Ø Comparison between fictitious alternatives
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 32
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
2. Building an evaluation model
Sat – 80l
Acc – 150l
““System volume” System volume”
Sat – 60kg
Acc – 200kg
““System mass” System mass”
Sat – 0.5g/h/kgH2
Acc – 1g/h/kgH2
““HH22 loss rate” loss rate”
Sat – 5min
Acc – 10min
““Refuelling time” Refuelling time”
ffrefuelrefuel
Ø Comparison between fictitious alternatives
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 33
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
2. Building an evaluation model
Sat – 80l
Acc – 150l
““System volume” System volume”
Sat – 60kg
Acc – 200kg
““System mass” System mass”
Sat – 0.5g/h/kgH2
Acc – 1g/h/kgH2
““HH22 loss rate” loss rate”
Sat – 5min
Acc – 10min
““Refuelling time” Refuelling time”
fflossloss
Ø Comparison between fictitious alternatives
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 34
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
2. Building an evaluation model
fvol > fmass > frefuel > floss
Ø Comparison between fictitious alternatives (ranking)
« no difference »
« very weak »
« weak »
« moderate »
« strong »
« very strong »
« extreme »
Ø Difference of attractiveness between fictitious alternatives
fvol > fmass > frefuel > floss
??
(example)
(example)
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 35
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
2. Building an evaluation model
Ø M-MACBETH software processing: scale constants calculation
Scale constants
(example)
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 36
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
3. Providing recommendations
))(( 1Tgvw massmassmass
))(( 1Tgvw refuelrefuelrefuel
))(( 1Tgvw volvolvol
))(( 1Tgvw losslossloss
Ø The R&D effort for each storage technology is then identified taking intoaccount the priorities for the car manufacturer
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 37
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
3. Providing recommendations
Ø The R&D effort for each storage technology is then identified taking intoaccount the priorities for the car manufacturer
Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicleshydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 38
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Content
ll Hydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming and cHydrogen, one possible solution to overcome global warming and climate changelimate change
ll Hydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applicationsHydrogen storage, a key issue for automotive applications
ll Implementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storaImplementation of an MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for ge systems for future vehiclesfuture vehicles
•• STORHY, a European projectSTORHY, a European project
•• Structuring the context of the evaluation: actors, alternatives,Structuring the context of the evaluation: actors, alternatives, criteria, boundariescriteria, boundaries
•• Elaborating evaluation models using MACBETH methodElaborating evaluation models using MACBETH method
•• Providing recommendationsProviding recommendations
ll Conclusions and perspectivesConclusions and perspectives
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 39
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Conclusions and perspectives
Ø The evaluation of hydrogen storage technologies is a multicriteria evaluation problematic
Ø The implementation of multicriteria evaluation-aiding methods can help researchers and car manufacturers in evaluating and orientating hydrogen R&D by
• Expressing “acceptable” and “satisfying” performance levels for one specific final application
• Positioning hydrogen technologies in comparison with technical targets
• Identifying R&D priorities for each technology
F. Montignac 2nd Decision Deck Workshop – Paris – February 2008 40
An MCDA approach for evaluating hydrogen storage systems for future vehicles
Thank you for your attention
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