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American Gov’t American Gov’t Midterm ReviewMidterm Review
Federalism – who does what
State Governments Handles most
governing Establishes & oversees
local gov’ts Handles everything
w/in the state borders
Federal Government Handles anything
that affects all states or several states
Handles all foreign matters
Division of Powers Under Federalism
Reserved, Delegated Reserved, Delegated & Concurrent Powers& Concurrent Powers
Reserved Powers Only for states
Election laws Marriage Laws Establishing Local
Gov’ts
Delegated Powers Federal only
Declare War Settle disputes between States
Print Currency
Concurrent Powers Both federal & States
Make Laws Set up courts Tax citizens Protect Citizens &
their Rights
Three Branches of Government
Legislative BranchLegislative Branch
Congress Article IArticle I LawmakingLawmaking Representation of Representation of
ConstituentsConstituents Oversight – check up Oversight – check up
on other brancheson other branches
Congress cont. OrganizationOrganization
House of Representatives House of Representatives Proportional, 435, all Proportional, 435, all
money bills start here, money bills start here, articles of impeachmentarticles of impeachment
Senate – Senate – Equal, 100, approve all Equal, 100, approve all
Presidential appointments, Presidential appointments, removal trial removal trial
CommitteesCommittees Handle day to day Handle day to day
businessbusiness Conference Committee Conference Committee
irons out differences of irons out differences of bills from HOR & bills from HOR & SenateSenate
Congress cont.
Three Branches of Government
Executive BranchExecutive Branch
President Oversees execution of laws Most Visible – provides
leadership Executive Office
Cabinet advise President & run agencies/departments
VP
Presidential Election Process Primary – select delegates National Convention –
delegates select party’s candidate
General Election – selects electors
Electoral College – Electors select president
Powers of the President Formal = in Constitution
Enforces laws, pardons, reprieve, amnesty, appointments
Informal = not in Const. Executive order
Domestic Policy Execute Laws Sets Budget
(approved by Cong) Sets Agenda
Foreign Policy Sends troops Negotiates Treaties
(Senate approves) Establishes Executive
Agreements (with other foreign heads of govt.)
Three Branches of Government
Judicial BranchJudicial Branch
Judicial BranchJudicial BranchCriminal & Civil LawHear Cases Judicial Review –
Marbury v. Madison
Jurisdictions Original Jurisdiction
1st to hear the case Appellate Jurisdiction
– review case already heard at a lower level
Federal CourtsFederal Courts Supreme CourtSupreme Court
Highest court in U.S., Highest court in U.S., only court mentioned only court mentioned in the Const., has in the Const., has original & appellate original & appellate jurisdiction, decides jurisdiction, decides what cases they will what cases they will hearhear
Federal Courts cont. Courts of Appeals Courts of Appeals
Reviews cases from Reviews cases from lower courtslower courts
USA Circuit Courts USA Circuit Courts Hears felony cases & Hears felony cases &
appeals from lower appeals from lower courtscourts
Maryland State Courts MD Court of Appeals (hears MD Court of Appeals (hears
all death penalty appeals)all death penalty appeals) MD Court of Special Appeals MD Court of Special Appeals MD Circuit Courts (hears MD Circuit Courts (hears
felony cases & appeals from felony cases & appeals from lower court)lower court)
MD District Courts (hears MD District Courts (hears misdemeanor & traffic misdemeanor & traffic related crimes)related crimes)
Federal Bureaucracy
The 4The 4thth Branch of Gov’t Branch of Gov’t
Part of Executive Branch AgenciesAgencies
FDA – Food & Drug AdministrationFDA – Food & Drug Administration EPA – Environmental Protection EPA – Environmental Protection
AgencyAgency DepartmentsDepartments
Department of StateDepartment of State Homeland SecurityHomeland Security
CharacteristicsCharacteristics Civil Servants stay no matter who is Civil Servants stay no matter who is
electedelected Help set and form public policy Help set and form public policy
Maryland Government
Three Branches at Three Branches at the State Levelthe State Level
MD LegislatureMaryland General
Assembly House of Delegates
(like House of Representatives)
Senate (like US Senate)
MD ExecutiveGovernorGovernorSupported by Supported by
state state bureaucracybureaucracy
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