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ALTERATIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Pediatric Disorders. Cerebral palsy. Cerebral Palsy(CP)is characterized by: - impaired movement & posture -lack of motor control over voluntary muscles -r/t lesions in the brain. Cerebral Palsy. Population at risk: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Cerebral Palsy(CP)is characterized by: - impaired movement & posture -lack of motor control over voluntary
muscles -r/t lesions in the brain
Population at risk:- intrauterine infections during pregnancy -complicated labor & delivery(hypoxia) -prematurity and/or low birth weight
Incidence:-800,000 in US-10,000 births each year
http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/cerebral_palsy/detail_cerebral_palsy.htm
Universal Symptom: delayed gross motor development
Abnormal motor performance Alterations muscle tone: rigidity,
stiffness Abnormal postures: scissoring Reflex abnormalities: persistance of
primitive infantile reflexes
May have mental retardation Common to have seizures Attention deficit/hyperactivity Sensory impairment
Spastic: increased muscle tone Dyskinetic (athetoid): abnormal
writhing movements, drooling, dysarthria,
Ataxic: difficulty with balance Mixed: athetoid and spastic
Know normal growth and development Observe in newborn nursery Early recognition important
TEAM APPROACHGoals: Establish locomotion, communication,
self-help To gain optimum function To correct associated defects To provide educational opportunities
Braces Ambulation devices Scooter boards Wheeled go carts Computers Adaptive utensils
1.FEEDING: Position child upright for feeding Place foods far back in the mouth Gentle upward stroking of the neck2.PROVIDE ADEQUATE DIET: high calorie
diet3. MAINTAIN SKIN INTEGRITY4. PROMOTE SELF-CONCEPT
5. FOSTER PARENTAL KNOWLEDGE 6. USE THE PARENTS AS BEST RESOURCE7. PROVIDE REST8. PREVENT/TREAT RESPIRATORY
INFECTIONS9. MAINTAIN DENTAL HYGIENE
Orthopedic TAL (tendon achilles lengthening) release of tight wrist and hip muscles
Purpose -to control seizures (dilantin, topamax, phenobarbitol) -to control spasms (skeletal muscle
relaxants, baclofen) -to minimize GI side effects (reglan, zantac)
Impaired Physical Mobility r/t decreased muscle strength and control
Disturbed Sensory Perception r/t cerebral damage
Risk of constipation r/t decreased intake of fiber and fluids
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