ALFLALFA LONGEVITY AN IPM STRATEGY ALAN GOTLIEB University of Vermont

ALFLALFA LONGEVITYALFLALFA LONGEVITYAN IPM STRATEGYAN IPM STRATEGY

ALAN GOTLIEBALAN GOTLIEB

University of VermontUniversity of Vermont

The MAJOR ProblemsThe MAJOR Problems

• FusariumFusarium• Clover root curculioClover root curculio• VerticilliumVerticillium• PhytophthoraPhytophthora• AphanomycesAphanomyces• Winter hardinessWinter hardiness• Harvest frequencyHarvest frequency• Potato leaf hopperPotato leaf hopper

SMOOTH FIELDSMOOTH FIELD

NOTE ROUGHNESS HERENOTE ROUGHNESS HERE

THINNING FIELDTHINNING FIELD

ALFALFA ALFALFA CLOVER ROOT CLOVER ROOT

CURCULIO FUSARIUM CURCULIO FUSARIUM COMPLEXCOMPLEX

CLOVER ROOT CURCULIOCLOVER ROOT CURCULIO

SITONA HISPIDULUSSITONA HISPIDULUS

FUSARIUM ROOT ROTFUSARIUM ROOT ROT

The MAJOR ProblemsThe MAJOR Problems

• FusariumFusarium• Clover root curculioClover root curculio• VerticilliumVerticillium• PhytophthoraPhytophthora• AphanomycesAphanomyces• Winter hardinessWinter hardiness• Harvest frequencyHarvest frequency• Potato leaf hopperPotato leaf hopper

Verticillium WiltVerticillium Wilt

PHYTOPHTHORA ROOT ROT PHYTOPHTHORA ROOT ROT

APHANOMYCESAPHANOMYCESROOT ROOT ROTROT

The MAJOR ProblemsThe MAJOR Problems

• FusariumFusarium• Clover root curculioClover root curculio• VerticilliumVerticillium• PhytophthoraPhytophthora• AphanomycesAphanomyces• Winter hardinessWinter hardiness• Harvest frequencyHarvest frequency• Potato leaf hopperPotato leaf hopper

Factors That Increase the Risks of Winter Injury in Alfalfa

• Potato Leafhopper damage

STAND LONGEVITY STAND LONGEVITY VS VS

HARVEST FREQUENCYHARVEST FREQUENCY

CONTROLCONTROL

• ROTATE TWO YEARS MINIMUMROTATE TWO YEARS MINIMUM• USE RESISTANT VAR (Fusarium, USE RESISTANT VAR (Fusarium,

Verticillium, Phytophthora, Verticillium, Phytophthora, Aphanomyces)Aphanomyces)

• USE HARDINESS SUITABLE FOR USE HARDINESS SUITABLE FOR AREA (2 & 3 more northern) AREA (2 & 3 more northern)

• USE 3 CUT HARVEST SYSTEMUSE 3 CUT HARVEST SYSTEM• Use leaf hopper resistant varietiesUse leaf hopper resistant varieties

The MAJOR ProblemsThe MAJOR Problems

• FusariumFusarium

• Clover root curculioClover root curculio

• VerticilliumVerticillium

• PhytophthoraPhytophthora

• AphanomycesAphanomyces

• Winter hardinessWinter hardiness

• Harvest frequencyHarvest frequency