After studying this unit

On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, 5eLabensky • Hause • Martel

”“Every morning one must start from scratch, with nothing on the stoves.

That is cuisine.– Fernand Point, French Restaurateur (1897-1955)

KNIFE SKILLS

C H A P T E R FIVE

After studying this unit

You will be able to:– Care for knives properly– Use knives properly– Cut foods into a variety of classic shapes

One of the most important tools the student chef must master is the knife.

Good knife skills are critical to a chef’s success because the knife is the most

commonly used tool in the kitchen.

Importance of Knife Skills

Using the Knife Safely

Use the correct knife for the task at hand Always cut away from yourself Always cut on a clean cutting board

– Do not cut on glass, marble or metal Place a damp towel underneath the cutting board

to keep it from sliding as you cut

Using a Knife Safely (cont.)

Keep knives sharp; a dull knife is more dangerous than a sharp one

When carrying a knife, hold it pointed down, parallel and close to your leg as you walk

A falling knife has no handle. Do not attempt to catch a falling knife; step back and allow it to fall

Never leave a knife in a sink of water; anyone reaching into the sink could be injured or the knife could be dented by pots or other utensils

Caring for Your Knives

Sharpening– Whetstone– Steel – hones or straightens blade after

sharpening Washing and storing

– Do not wash knives in commercial dishwashers– Always wash and dry knives by hand

Gripping the Knife

The most common grip a variation of the most common grip

Controlling Your Knife

Use a grip that is most comfortable for you Keep the sharp edge of the blade on the cutting

board Grip the item being cut with three fingertips and

your thumb Use the second joint of your index finger as a

guide Use smooth, even strokes to slice the food Do not use a dull knife

Cutting with Your Knife

Slicing– Chiffonade

Finely sliced or shredded leafy vegetables or herbs

– Rondelles or roundsDisk-shaped slices

– DiagonalsOval-shaped slices

– Oblique-cut or roll-cutSmall pieces with two angle-cut sides

– LozengesDiamond-shaped pieces, usually of firm

vegetables

Horizontal Slicing

To horizontal slice is to butterfly or cut a pocket into meats, poultry or fish; it is also a method used to thinly slice soft vegetables

Chopping

To chop is to cut an item into small pieces where uniformity of size and shape is neither necessary or feasible

Cutting Sticks

Bâtonnet– 1/4 X 1/4 X 2 inches

Julienne– 1/8 X 1/8 X 2 inches

Fine julienne– 1/16 X 1/16 X 2 inches

Dice Cuts

Brunoise– 1/8 X 1/8 X 1/8

Small dice– 1/4 X 1/4 X 1/4

Medium dice– 1/2 X 1/2 X 1/2

Large dice– 3/4 X 3/4 X 3/4

Paysanne– 1/2 X 1/2 X 1/8

Mincing

To mince is to cut items into very small pieces The terms finely chopped and minced are often

used interchangeably

Round Cuts

Tourner– Football-shaped pieces with seven equal sides

and blunt ends Parisiennes

– Spheres of fruits or vegetables cut with a small melon ball cutter

Mandoline

The mandoline is a non-mechanical cutting tool

After studying this unit

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