ADSL coax Integrated Access Solutions VDSL - Digital...

1

ADSL

coax

Gigabit

Ethernet

Fiber

wireless

VDSL

SDSL

Optical

NetworkIntegrated Access SolutionsIntegrated Access Solutions

-- Digital Digital Darkhorses Darkhorses --

JangJang--Rai RohRai Roh

Product PlanningProduct Planning

www.www.telliontellion.com.com

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DefinitionDefinition

Convergence with voice (, video) Convergence with voice (, video) and data on a common transport and data on a common transport from the usersfrom the users’’ premises to service premises to service

providers providers

Higher performancew/lower cost

Lower costw/higher performance

Access Loop

Last mileAccess barr iers

First mileAccess barr iers

C O / P O P

Core Network

P O P

Access Networks

3

I Will Talk AboutI Will Talk About ……

nn A variety of protocols and mediaA variety of protocols and media ……nn To reduce the technology risk of the transition To reduce the technology risk of the transition

from a circuitfrom a circuit--oriented to an emerging data centricoriented to an emerging data centric

nn Trends/Opportunities in Access NetworksTrends/Opportunities in Access Networksnn Technical issuesTechnical issues

nn Technical and market trendsTechnical and market trends

nn Market Migration toward Integrated Access Market Migration toward Integrated Access NetworksNetworksnn To support integration of IP, ATM and lambda in To support integration of IP, ATM and lambda in

economic mannereconomic manner

4

Issues of Integrated AccessIssues of Integrated Access

nn Mismatch of access networks with current Mismatch of access networks with current requirementsrequirementsnn Lack of bandwidthLack of bandwidth

nn Lack of installation, use and maintenanceLack of installation, use and maintenance

nn Cost competition of the access networksCost competition of the access networksnn To secure economic feasibilityTo secure economic feasibility

nn Performance/architectural competition of the access Performance/architectural competition of the access networksnetworksnn To make optimal for differentiated servicesTo make optimal for differentiated services

nn To change into more economic architectures, interfaces, To change into more economic architectures, interfaces, protocols for IPprotocols for IP--centric access networkscentric access networks

nn But, too many candidates being availableBut, too many candidates being available ……

5

Integrated Access AlternativesIntegrated Access Alternatives

nn Existing copperExisting coppernn DSLDSL

nn ATM or packet modeATM or packet mode

nn Hybrid Fiber Coax (HFC)Hybrid Fiber Coax (HFC)nn RF shared, RF shared, FTTxFTTx

nn FTTxFTTxnn FTTH/FTTC/FTTB/FTTO/FTTDFTTH/FTTC/FTTB/FTTO/FTTD

nn TDM, ATM or IP/EthernetTDM, ATM or IP/Ethernet

nn WirelessWirelessnn Fixed or mobileFixed or mobile

nn PTP or PTMPPTP or PTMP

nn Hybrid wire & wirelessHybrid wire & wireless

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xDSLxDSL

7

xDSL xDSL TechnologiesTechnologies

nn ADSLADSL

nn VDSLVDSL

nn SDSL/SHDSLSDSL/SHDSL

nn OthersOthers

8

Issues in Issues in xDSLxDSL

nn CPE autoCPE auto--configuration, retail availabilityconfiguration, retail availability

nn Automatic loop qualificationAutomatic loop qualification

nn EndEnd--toto--End flow through End flow through provisioingprovisioing

nn InteroperabilityInteroperability

nn Voice over DSLVoice over DSL

nn ShortShort--term migrationterm migration

nn LongLong--term migrationterm migration

9

OpenDSLOpenDSL

nn Open, plugOpen, plug--andand--play architecture for the automated play architecture for the automated configuration of DSL CPEconfiguration of DSL CPEnn Proxy element function architectureProxy element function architecture

nn OpenDSL OpenDSL CPE architectureCPE architecture

IDSLC P E

A D S L / S D S LC P E

CommandResponder

Modif icationOriginator

P roxyForwarder

MMI

AAL5 U D P

Local Data Share

DSLC P EE M S

Instrumentation

Default Context MMI Context

Transports

SNMP Eng i n e

S N M PApplications

MIB

Proxy Element FunctionProxy Element Function

CommandResponder

Modif icationOriginator

MMI

Configuration

Instrumentation

Modem Context MMI Context

Transports

SNMP Eng i n e

S N M PApplications

MIB

DSL CPEDSL CPE

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VoDSL VoDSL : Today & Tomorrow: Today & Tomorrow

nn ShortShort--term architectureterm architecturenn Broadband loop emulation service using AAL2Broadband loop emulation service using AAL2

nn ArchitectureArchitecture

nn AAL2 enabled CPEAAL2 enabled CPE

nn DSLAM providing ATM cell multiplexingDSLAM providing ATM cell multiplexing

nn VoDSL VoDSL gatewaygateway

nn LongLong--term architectureterm architecturenn Converging data and voice over IPConverging data and voice over IP

nn Architecture Architecture

nn VoDSL VoDSL gateway would be integrated into the DSLAMgateway would be integrated into the DSLAM

nn New signaling and control switching used by Media Gateway New signaling and control switching used by Media Gateway Control Protocol and MEGACOP/H.248Control Protocol and MEGACOP/H.248

11

Issues in Issues in xDSLxDSL

nn ADSL IssuesADSL Issuesnn SelfSelf--configurationconfiguration

nn Installation and maintenanceInstallation and maintenance

nn Performance issuesPerformance issues

nn Warm/fast restart, Quiescent modeWarm/fast restart, Quiescent mode

nn Dynamic rate adaptation, Out of service testingDynamic rate adaptation, Out of service testing

nn Revised/expanded bit swapping, Clip scalingRevised/expanded bit swapping, Clip scaling

nn RFI ingress/egress, Concatenated RFI ingress/egress, Concatenated convolutionalconvolutional codecode

nn VDSL issuesVDSL issuesnn Line codes, Spectral compatibilityLine codes, Spectral compatibility

nn Backward interoperability with ADSLBackward interoperability with ADSL

nn PositioningPositioning

12

xDSL xDSL StandardizationStandardization

nn ADSLADSL--ForumForum

nn FSANFSAN

nn ITUITU--TT

nn ANSIANSI

nn ETSIETSI

nn VDSL Coalition VDSL Coalition

nn VDSL AllianceVDSL Alliance

nn OpenDSLOpenDSL

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Convergence IssuesConvergence Issues

nn VoDSLVoDSLnn DSL DSL VoBVoB(Voice over Broadband) and (Voice over Broadband) and VoIPVoIP

nn BLES architectureBLES architecture

nn AAL2 for voice AAL2 for voice packetizingpacketizing fine for today, not for tomorrowfine for today, not for tomorrow

nn Smart & intelligent DSLAMSmart & intelligent DSLAMnn Embedded access serverEmbedded access server

nn Optical networkingOptical networkingnn Optical UNIOptical UNI

nn MPLS based signaling & controlMPLS based signaling & control

nn Converging connectionConverging connection--based forwarding techniques & IP based forwarding techniques & IP routing protocolsrouting protocols

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HFCHFC

15

Cable NetworksCable Networks

nn InfrastructureInfrastructurenn CATV, HFC, FTTC, SDVCATV, HFC, FTTC, SDV

nn TransportTransportnn QAM, FEC, MPEGQAM, FEC, MPEG--2, QPSK, Ingress2, QPSK, Ingress

nn Set Top BoxSet Top Boxnn Analog, DigitalAnalog, Digital

nn Cable ModemsCable Modemsnn Telephony, Return ChannelTelephony, Return Channel

nn Standards & ProjectsStandards & Projectsnn DOCSISDOCSISTMTM, , OpenCableOpenCableTMTM, , PacketCablePacketCableTMTM, ICNA, ICNA

nn CableHome CableHome Spec. released in 00Q1Spec. released in 00Q1

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Issues in the Cable NetworksIssues in the Cable Networks

nn QoSQoS: One HFC Network, Multiple Revenue : One HFC Network, Multiple Revenue StreamsStreamsnn Converging voice, data and video; Converging voice, data and video; VoBVoB

nn Subscriber management and Billing Subscriber management and Billing Requirements for Advanced Cable ServicesRequirements for Advanced Cable Servicesnn Contents delivery and intelligent provisioningContents delivery and intelligent provisioning

nn Advanced Transport Architectures: Advanced Transport Architectures: Sustaining the Broadband Performance Edge Sustaining the Broadband Performance Edge and Accessand Accessnn FiberFiber--rich and WDM architecturerich and WDM architecture

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Cable Transport NetworksCable Transport Networks

nn MultiMulti--service access for multiple revenue streamsservice access for multiple revenue streams

• MPLS is:- An extention of IP - A media independent replacement for ATM signaling- A new control plane for non-packet capable devices

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Cable Transport NetworkCable Transport Network

nn Opportunities beyond bestOpportunities beyond best--effort data serviceseffort data services

Point of ConvergencePoint of Convergence

TDMTDMATMATMPOSPOSMPLSMPLS

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Advanced Transport ArchitecturesAdvanced Transport Architectures

nn Forward path designsForward path designsnn 1310nm/1550nm distributed feed1310nm/1550nm distributed feed

nn 13010nm/1550nm ring13010nm/1550nm ring

nn 1550nm with EDFA Amp1550nm with EDFA Amp

nn 1310nm/1550 nm with 1310nm repeat1310nm/1550 nm with 1310nm repeat

nn Broadcast with CWDMBroadcast with CWDM

nn Return path designsReturn path designsnn TDM return path transmitter to return path receiver repeatTDM return path transmitter to return path receiver repeat

nn TDM utilizing DWDMTDM utilizing DWDM

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Cable StandardizationCable Standardization

nn CableLabsCableLabs

nn ANSI/SCTEANSI/SCTE

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OpenCableOpenCableTMTM

InternetContent

V i deo

Content

OtherContent

Condi t iona l

A c c e s s

S y s t em

H e a d e n d

OtherH e a d e n d

P O DModu le(s )

OpenCableOpenCable

DeviceDevice

Compat i b l e

D e v i c e s

Other

D e v i c e s

Cable Network

Po in t Of Dep loyment

N T S C R F

B a s e b a n d Audio/V ideo

I EEE 1394 D O C S I S

Q A M 6 4 / 2 5 6

Q P S K

8 6 0 M H z

Do lby

A C - 3

Ana log , M P E G- 2

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PacketCablePacketCableTMTM

nn PacketCable PacketCable 1.0/1.2 Architecture1.0/1.2 Architecture

M A N A G E D I PInterProvider

N E T W O R K

C M T S

C M T S

MTA

MTA

C M SBorderP roxy

H F C

H F C

M S OBackbone

Packe tCab l e Zone

C M T S

C M T S

MTA

MTA

C M SBorderP roxy

H F C

H F C

M S OBackbone

Packe tCab l e Zone

C M T S

C M T S

MTA

MTA

C M SBorderP roxy

H F C

H F C

M S OBackbone

Packe tCab l e Zone

PacketCablePacketCable DomainDomain

PacketCablePacketCable DomainDomain

(DOCS IS )

BorderGateway

BorderGateway

BorderGateway

P S T N Meid iaGateway

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HFC AllianceHFC Alliance

nn Management and Control Interoperability AllianceManagement and Control Interoperability Alliancenn To specify a robust protocol suite to support cost effective To specify a robust protocol suite to support cost effective

interoperability of management systems for evolving HFC networksinteroperability of management systems for evolving HFC networks

nn SCTE Engineering subcommitteesSCTE Engineering subcommitteesnn DSS: Data StandardsDSS: Data Standards

nn CAP: Cable Applications PlatformCAP: Cable Applications Platform

nn DVS: Digital VideoDVS: Digital Video

nn HMS: Hybrid ManagementHMS: Hybrid Management

nn IPS: Interface Practices and InIPS: Interface Practices and In--Home CablingHome Cabling

nn EAS: Emergency Alert SystemEAS: Emergency Alert System

nn NES: National Electrical SafetyNES: National Electrical Safety

nn CMS: Construction and MaintenanceCMS: Construction and Maintenance

nn MMS: Material and ManagementMMS: Material and Management

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EthernetEthernet

25

Ethernet IssuesEthernet Issues

nn Ethernet in the Last Mile Ethernet in the Last Mile

nn Extends the reach of EthernetExtends the reach of Ethernetnn Local loop up to 1Km or 1.5KmLocal loop up to 1Km or 1.5Km

nn Shared media to starShared media to star--wired topology w/full duplex linkswired topology w/full duplex links

nn Picture of endPicture of end--toto--end Ethernetend Ethernet

nn Reduces costReduces costnn Eliminating protocol conversionsEliminating protocol conversions

nn High volume of Ethernet componentsHigh volume of Ethernet components

nn Broad knowledge base and Broad knowledge base and labour labour poolpool

$2$2KK--$6K$6K$6$6KK--$35K$35K$8$8KK--$40K$40KElectronicsElectronics

$2$2KK$5$5KK$5$5KKLaborLabor

IP/EthernetIP/EthernetIP /SONETIP /SONETIP /ATM/SONETIP /ATM/SONETCategoriesCategories

Cost metrics for IP over various protocolsSource: Nortel Networks, Aug. 2000

(unit: per Mbps)

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Ethernet IssuesEthernet Issues

nn Ethernet To The SubscribersEthernet To The Subscribersnn Converging data, voice and video(up to HDTV resolutions) over IPConverging data, voice and video(up to HDTV resolutions) over IP

nn End to end Ethernet End to end Ethernet

Edge/Access GatewayMetro Core(Ultra)Long-haul Core

L3 SW

G b EG b E

L3 SW L3 SW

G b E

We want We want ……

unified LAN/WAN unified LAN/WAN PMDsPMDs

W A N P H Y

M A C

Un ive r sa l PMD In te r face

L A N P H Y

SerialP M D

C W D MP M D

OtherP M D

XGMII

Prem i sesEthernet(10/100BASE)

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Ethernet IssuesEthernet Issues

nn GigEGigE/10GigE or SONET/SDH ?/10GigE or SONET/SDH ?nn Infrastructure issuesInfrastructure issues

nn A seamless extension of the LAN into the WANA seamless extension of the LAN into the WAN

nn Cost issuesCost issues

nn Cost per port and labor cost saving due to the native Cost per port and labor cost saving due to the native protocol of data services for the internetprotocol of data services for the internet

nn Revenue issuesRevenue issues

nn Competitive price Competitive price vsvs performanceperformance

nn Management issuesManagement issues

nn Shorter time to provisionShorter time to provision

nn Topology issuesTopology issuesnn Ring, Bus, MeshRing, Bus, Mesh

nn PONPON

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Ethernet IssuesEthernet Issues

nn Ethernet WAN standardEthernet WAN standardnn Inband Inband management like SONET/SDHmanagement like SONET/SDH

nn Remote Remote loopback loopback like DSU/CSUlike DSU/CSU

nn Built in BER management objectsBuilt in BER management objects

nn Restoration and protectionRestoration and protection

nn Topology agnosticTopology agnostic

nn SP administered VLAN tagsSP administered VLAN tags

nn Granular bandwidth for Granular bandwidth for subrate subrate provisioningprovisioning

nn Traffic management and classificationTraffic management and classification

nn Discard eligible for over subscriptionDiscard eligible for over subscription

nn Full duplex onlyFull duplex only

nn SONET/SDH friendlySONET/SDH friendly

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Cus tomerP rem i se sEqu ipments

Access Loop

First mileAccess barr ie rs

Last mileAccess barr ie rs

C O / P O P

Core Network

P O P

Access Networks

Ethernet End Point FunctionsEthernet End Point Functions

nn CO/POPCO/POPn WAN connectivity to backbone, Traffic concentration

n Offloads, Management interface for access loop

nn CPECPEn Manageable edge access, Demarcation point

n Traffic grooming and service Provisioning

Demarcat ionpoint

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10 10 Gigabit EthernetGigabit EthernetUpper Layers

MAC Contro l (opt iona l )

Med ia Access Con t ro l (MAC)

Reconc i l ia t ion

Phys ica l Cod ing Sub layer( P C S )

Phys i ca l Med ium At tachment(PMA)

Phys i ca l Med ium Dependent (PMD)

Phys ica l Cod ing Sub layer( P C S )

Phys i ca l Med ium At tachment(PMA)

Phys i ca l Med ium Dependent (PMD)

Med ium Med ium

LAN PHY

W A N P H Y

• 10 G B A S E - L X • 10 G B A S E - R ( S R , L R , E R )

• 1 0 G B A S E - W(SW , LW , EW)

• Medium Type- Shor t Wave length(850nm)

- Long Wave length(1310nm)

- Ext ra Long Wave length(1550nm)

• Coding Scheme- X : LAN(8B/10B)

- R : LAN/WAN(64B /66B )- W : WAN(SONET En cap su l a t e d )

• 802.3 M A C• Packet Length Indication

•PCS(8B/10B o r SLP)

• Frame Encapsulat ion• Scrambler• S O N E T -style Framing• Se rDes

• Optics• Clock recovery

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Gigabit ApplicationsGigabit Applications

nn Gigabit Internet To The School/HomeGigabit Internet To The School/Homen Very Sparse Mode architecture

www.canet3.net

Wireless internet- MMDS- LMDS

32

Gigabit ApplicationsGigabit Applications

nn Gigabit Internet To The School/HomeGigabit Internet To The School/Homen Sparse Mode architecture

www.canet3.net

33

Gigabit ApplicationsGigabit Applicationsnn Gigabit Internet To The School/HomeGigabit Internet To The School/Home

n GITH Dense Mode architecture

www.canet3.net

Hybrid WDM/TDMAPacket-aware PON

Pedestal router

34

GbEGbE/10GbE Standardization/10GbE Standardization

nn IEEE802IEEE802n IEEE P802.3ae

n RPR SG; Resilient packet ring

nn IETFIETFn IPoPTR; IP over packet transport rings

nn T1X1.5 Optical Hierarchical InterfacesT1X1.5 Optical Hierarchical Interfacesn T1X1.5/99-038 IEEE802.3 MAC frames to SONET payloadn Generic format …carrying Ethernet MAC frames over

SONET

nn OIFOIFn OIF99.138 Generic format …carrying Ethernet MAC frames

over SONET(T1X1.5/99-268 )

35

Optical Access: Optical Access: FTTxFTTx

36

Optical Access TechnologiesOptical Access Technologies

nn Small Business and ResidentialSmall Business and Residential

n Ethernet/HPNA/xDSL-based access

n Last mile issues

nn MidMid--size Businesssize Business

n Ethernet/xDSL-based access

n Last mile & first mile issues

nn Enterprises and Large BusinessEnterprises and Large Business

n 10/100/Gigabit/10G Ethernet-based access

n First mile issues: metro access based on Ethernet native LAN interfaces

37

Issues in Optical AccessIssues in Optical Access

nn Subscriber LoopSubscriber Loop

n PON(TDM, WDM, Packet)

n Multi-service access

n Access Concentrator + Router (L2/L3)

nn Metro AccessMetro Access

n Optical networking(SDH, WDM)

n Optical edge

n IP/SDH, IP/WDM, IP/GbE

n MPLS enabler

38

FSAN/ITUFSAN/ITU--T SolutionT Solution

nn ATMATM--PON/TDMAPON/TDMA

nn DWDMDWDM--PONPON

1550nmDFB Laser

1310nmBurstmodeReceiver

1xNPassiveOpticalPowerSplitter

Receiver

Laser

1310nm Upstream

1550nm Downstream

Receiver

Laser

15xxnm

1310nm...

OLT ONT

Multi-WLLaser(s)

DWDMReceiver

Array

1xN AWG

Receiver

Laser

Upstream

Downstream

Receiver

Laser

λ1

λ17...

OLT ONT

TDMA PON

DWDM PONλ16

λ32

λ1,λ2, … , λ16

λ17,λ18, … , λ32

The layer architecture in PON

OLTODNONT

Trail* in PON physical layer

VP VC

Tc trail or (T-CONT)

39

Ethernet PONEthernet PON

nn Optical IP/Ethernet for FTTH, FTTC and FTTB networksOptical IP/Ethernet for FTTH, FTTC and FTTB networks

nn Upstream multiple access protocol can be extended 10GbEUpstream multiple access protocol can be extended 10GbE

nn Last mile MAC: TDMA or Other(CSMA/CD?)Last mile MAC: TDMA or Other(CSMA/CD?)

nn IP efficiency is good!IP efficiency is good!

OLT

1

2

3

4

N

.

.

.

CO/POP

pass ivesplitter

OpticalNetworkUnit

1 2 3 4 N …

Upst reamMultipleAccess Protoco l

Routing,Swithcing,Firewall, etc.

F(encryption, management, signaling control, etc.)

40

PONs PONs : Today & Tomorrow: Today & Tomorrow

OLT ONT-B

ONT-A

ONT-C

λ2

λ1

λ3

λ2

λ1

λ3

λ2 λ3λ1

CO/POP

OLT ONT-B

ONT-A

ONT-C

B

A

C

B

A

C

B CA

CO/POP

OLT ONT-B

ONT-A

ONT-C

P2

P1

P3

P2

P1

P3

P2 P3P1

CO/POP

TDMA-basedATN-P O N

CSMA/CD-basedPacket-PON

W D M A-basedW D M-P O N

• Line rate: 155Mbps• BW mgt : static-> DBA• WL : CWDM• QoS : ATM• Split : 32• Distance : 20Km• APS : Unprotected

• Line rate: Gigabit• BW mgt : dynamic• WL : CWDM/DWDM• QoS : ATM & IP• Split : > 64• Distance : > 20Km• APS : Protected/Unprotected

• Line rate: nxGigabit• BW mgt : dynamic• WL : DWDM• QoS : ATM & IP• Split : > 64• Distance : > 20Km• APS : Protected/Unprotected

41

Future Integration with Future Integration with OTNsOTNs

nn ConnectionConnection--oriented + Connectionlessoriented + Connectionlessn IP/ATM, IP/PPP/HDLC/SDH, IP/SDL/SDH, IP/WDM

nn Service convergenceService convergencen TDM + ATM + IP

n Voice migration

nn Edge to EdgeEdge to Edgen MPLS, Optical networking

Adaptation & Encapsulation

IP Edge

Multi -service Access

Optical Access

Optical Edge

42

Future Integration with Future Integration with OTNsOTNs

nn Case Study: NGI ONRAMP; A Case Study: NGI ONRAMP; A TTestbedestbed in Boston areain Boston area

nn Access node architectureAccess node architecturen “Big fat router”

n huge router terminating WDM

n Router + O-ADM (SRSO)

n smaller router with opticalswitching

nn LightpathsLightpaths carry IP trafficcarry IP traffic

n access node to gateway without intermediate routers

Opt ica l

L A N

Opt ica l

L A N

A c c e s s

node

B a c k b o n e

network

Distr ibution

networks

F eede rnetwork

Gateway node

Optical ADM

IP Router

W D M IP RouterW D M

43

Future Integration with Future Integration with OTNsOTNs

nn OptoOpto--ElectronicsElectronics

nn ShortShort--Haul Haul MultichannelMultichannel

nn Optical Channel ManagementOptical Channel Management

nn Digital Wrapper Digital Wrapper

nn DPRINGsDPRINGs vs. vs. SPRINGsSPRINGs

nn ASONASON

nn MPL(Label and Lambda)SMPL(Label and Lambda)S

44

StandardizationStandardization

nn ITUITU--TT

nn IETFIETF

nn ODSIODSI

nn OIFOIF

nn FSANFSAN

nn IEEEIEEE

45

WirelessWireless

46

Wireless TechnologiesWireless Technologies

nn Fixed wireless accessFixed wireless accessnn MMDSMMDS

n Operation in 2.1 to 2.7 GHz RF

n Data rates up to 10Mbps

n Up to 35-mile range

n Non LOS requirements

nn LMDSLMDSn Operation in 24 GHz, 28GHz, 31GHz, 38GHz and 40GHz RF

n Data rates up to 155Mbps with 2-mile ranges

n LOS operation

nn Multiple access technologies & duplex methodsMultiple access technologies & duplex methodsn TDMA/FDD, FDMA/TDD, TDMA/TDD

n OFDM, VOFDM

n CDMA/FDD

47

Issues in Wireless AccessIssues in Wireless Access

nn Converging data, voice and videoConverging data, voice and video

nn Data over open air interfaceData over open air interface

nn QoS QoS control & LOScontrol & LOSn Upstream operation

n Robust burst-mode demodulation in severe time-varying and/or delay spread environments

n Higher spectral efficiency

n Downstream operation

n High delay spread and time varying environments

n Dual antenna capability at lower complexity for interference cancellation

48

StandardizationStandardization

nn OFDM ForumOFDM Forumnn 11GHz11GHz

nn Fixed Wireless Access, Road Wireless Access, Wireless LANFixed Wireless Access, Road Wireless Access, Wireless LAN

nn Resolving shortage of CDMAResolving shortage of CDMA

nn ShortShort--link distance, link distance, CoSCoS, Antenna limitations, Antenna limitations

nn Wireless DSL ConsortiumWireless DSL Consortiumnn 2~4GHz BWA (PTMPT)2~4GHz BWA (PTMPT)

nn DOCSISDOCSIS--based MAC, TDMA/FDDbased MAC, TDMA/FDD

nn BWIF (Broadband Wireless Internet Forum)BWIF (Broadband Wireless Internet Forum)nn Vector OFDMVector OFDM

nn Pros : BurstPros : Burst--mode demodulation, Higher spectral efficiencymode demodulation, Higher spectral efficiency

nn Cons :Power amplifier backCons :Power amplifier back--off, Phase noiseoff, Phase noise

nn DOCSISDOCSIS--based MACbased MAC

49

WrapWrap--upup

50

ConclusionConclusion

nn ItIt’’s time to bring broadband home and wires time to bring broadband home and wire--speed speed first milefirst mile ……

nn Bandwidth is no longer a scarce resource, just in a Bandwidth is no longer a scarce resource, just in a view of access view of access technolgytechnolgyn Problem solving approach for enforcing QoS to customers

can be changed

nn ‘‘IPIP--centric provisioning on the optical access centric provisioning on the optical access networksnetworks’’ is an emerging success factoris an emerging success factor ……

n ATM’s lack of acceptance among the new generation service providers

n Standard QoS mechanism for IP will soon emerge …?