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Accident causes in opencast mine
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General observations on the causes of accidents
Indiscipline/casual approach
Misadventure/Negligence
Non compliance of Road worthiness/fitness
Deployment of Unauthorized persons
Movement persons in and around HEMM
Over speeding/Over loading
Bye passing safety features in HEMM
Non compliance's of SOPs/COPs
Identification and placement of right men for right job at right place in right time.
No person is being allowed into the quarry with out VTC training ,IME and identity card issued by manager.
All the operators including Volvo truck and dumper operators were issued hand book of code of practice
All the idle/break down machinery operating keys arebeing kept at safe custody.
Road worthiness of vehicles of Contractor as well as SCCL
is being done by an engineer
Separate haul roads for 100 T Dumpers and volvo trucksare being maintained.
Separate dump yard are earmarked for dumping OB by 100
T Dumpers and volvo trucks.
Action plan for improvement of safety
Shut down procedure is being followed before under taking repair or adjustments of electrical installations.
Safety belts, earth sticks and gloves are being used while working on overhead line.
All the workmen including contractor workmen have been issued code of practices on different activities and being practiced the same.
Slope stability- scientific study, implementation ,
Continuous monitoring, stabilization methods
All the maintenance crew after maintenance are being sent out of the quarry.
Trip counter and dump man are being placed at authorized elevated place which is away from the vehicle movement area.
Radium sticker jackets were issued and wearing by all persons working in the quarry after day light hours.
Register of near misses is being maintained.
Safety suggestion box is kept at manway office.
Blasting card system is being followed by blasting crew
Risk management plan review , up-dation and monitoring
Effective illumination.
Automatic fire fighting
Educating the contractor workmen by safety committee members during their visit.
safety awareness lecture is being Conducted, designation wise in every week by Safety officer.
Implemented Dress code for Safety committee members and activated the pit safety committee members to bring awareness among workmen .
Surprise inspections of the vehicles were being done to ensure only authorised person are driving the vehicles.
Surprise inspections by senior officers in back shifts.
DGMS(Tech.) / circular no. 09 dt. 2nd Dec. 2008:
Number of incidences and accidents has taken place due to:
1. Head on collision of dumpers on haul road due to poor clear view.
2. Front and rear collision of dumpers on haul road.
3. . In advertent movement of steering wheel among with tyre while maintenance of dumper where engine is ON.
4. Dumper getting off haul road due to inadequate parapet wall / berm.
5. While dumper being reversed
Haul road safety
Height and Width of Haul road
a. No road shall be of width less than three times
plus 5 m. width of largest vehicle playing on the
road.
b. All corners and bends shall be made in such a
way that the operator of vehicle have clear view of
distance of not less than three times the braking
distance of largest HEMM working at 40 KMPH
continue
c. where it is not possible to ensure
visibility for a distance as mentioned in (b)
there shall be provided two roads of width
not less than 2 times plus 3 m of largest
vehicle plying on the road with strong road
divider at center with adequate lighting and
reflector along divider
continue
D. Where any road exist above level of surrounding area it shall be provided with strong parapet wall with following dimensions:
I. Width at top not less than 1 m.
II width at bottom not less than 2.5 m.
III The height not less than the diameter of largest vehicle plying on the road.
Dumpers
Following safety features shall be
provided
(i) Mechanical steering lock to prevent
untoward movement of steering wheel &
tyre while work person working below the
cabin while engine is running.
(ii) Blind spot mirror apart from rear view
mirror to enable operator to have clear
visibility of blind spot in and around
dumpers
continue
(iii) Mechanical type anti collision device to
avoid head to tail collision on haul road
such as tail gate, bumper extension or any
other strong device.
(iv) Fire resistant Hydraulic hose in place of
ordinary hoses to decrease chance of fire.
(v) Seat belt for operator
continue
(vi) Maximum speed of vehicle shall be
restricted to 30 kmph by blocking high gear
or any other automatic means.
(vii) Propeller shaft guard.
(viii) Proximity working device.
Excavators
Following safety features shall be provided
(i) All function cut off switch.
(ii) Swing motor brake.
(iii) Fire resistant hydraulic hose to decrease
the chance of fire.
(iv) Turbo charger guard.
(iv) seat belt
continue
(vi) vent valve on top of hydraulic tank
should be able to be removed without any
tools.
(vii) A baffle plate between cold zone and
hot zone.
(viii) Provision for limiting of hydraulic
cylinder.- stoppers
Drills
Following safety features shall be provided.
1. Approved type of dust suppression or
prevention system.
2. Each moving parts shall be guarded /
fenced and also ensured its effectiveness
all the time.
continue
. Propel joy stick spring loaded type to Return to neutral (dead man safety).
. Disc brake and brake valve and its testing parameters.
. Seat belt
. Fire resistant hydraulic hose and wiring near hot zone.
. Turbo charge guard
General
Audio visual reversing alarm shall be provided.
The pressure vessel receiver are subjected to hydraulic testing and NDT testing shall be carried out by competent persons.
In case of any defect in in equipment such as brake, steering and safety device the equipment shall be immediately taken out of use and record shall be kept
continue
7. The code of practice of installation,
maintenance of all equipment shall be
prepared and implemented before putting
equipment in use at the mine.
Work Shop
Layout of work shop shall be required as per DGMS Circular no. 8 of 2003.
Present scenerio -
1. Lack of proper parking places for HEMM leading to haphazard parking.
2. Canteen, time office, site office, cycle shed, scooter shed located near the workshop.
Additional steps to be taken
.1. Proper maintenance,repair, overhaul and erection of HEMM.
2. Separate paths for the movement of HEMM & light vehicles.
3. Canteen, time office, site office and stores, two wheeler sheds etc. shall be located where the movement of HEMM is least.
4. Proper parking area for HEMM
Dozers
Roll over protection shall be provided over
operator cabin.
Measures to prevent accidents
DGMS approved type audio
visual reversing alarm
As per DGMS (Approval) Circular no./4 of
2008 : Audio visual reversing alarm for
reversing of surface transport machinery &
Heavy Earth Moving Machinery will not be
used in the mines unless the same has been
approved by DGMS with effect from 1st
Sept. 2008
Automatic Fire Protection
System in HEMM
DGMS(TECH.)(S&T)/ circular no. 1/697
dt.14th Aug, 2008:
All types of fire fighting & fire suppression
system including automatic fire detection
and suppression system used in HEMM ,
material and chemical to be used in fire
fighting or suppression system in mines
Luminaries for Lighting in mines
DGMS(Tech.)/ circular no. 4 of Feb. 2009:
It is proposed that all lighting system and
components in mines both on surface and
below ground should be of type and
standard approved from DGMS
Use of surveyed off equipments
DGMS(Tech.)/ circular no. 01 of 2009
It has been observed that surveyed off
equipments being used in open cast mine
also causing increase in number of
accidents..
Haul Road
DGMS (Tech.)/ circular no 6 of 2008 :
Separate road shall be made for light
vehicles in all the mines where dumpers 35
T and above capacity are deployed.
BEHAVIOUR BASED SAFETY
Holnagel, 1993 study 90% of work place
accidents caused due to unsafe behavior of
persons.
Workers stress and risk taking behavior.
Analysis of accidents on technical error
approach without considering human error
approach.
HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND STRESSStress is a state of affair involving demand on
physical or mental energy.
Contributing factors.
1) Environmental
2) Occupational
3) Social
4) Personal
5) Biological
6) Psychological
SYMPTOMS OF STRESS
1) PHYSICAL - Headache, B.P. raise, Heart
problem, Bowel syndrome, weight loss,
depletion of immune system
2) PSYCHOLOGICAL Anxiety, anger,
frustration, depression, memory loss, lack
of motivation, lack of concentration,
accident proneness.
CHARACTERSTICKS CONTRIBUTING TO
ACCIDENTS
1) INDIVIDUAL Experience, knowledge,
skills, attitude towards safety.
2) JOB Work task, work environment, job
stress
3) MINE- Safety culture, social support,
safety management systems.
IMPROVE YOUR SKILLS
1. Seeing (Catch sight of, become aware of things around)
2. Watching (Look at attentively, keeps eyes open, pay attention)
3. Observation (Action of closely observing someone or something to noticeimportant details)
4. Inspection (Officially looking closely to check on standards, scrutinizing,surveying and investigation)
5. Examination (Detailed inspection to analyze, apprise, assess thesubject)
6. Checking (Examining for accuracy, quality, conditions, standards,shortcomings, progress and compliance)
7. Testing (A procedure intended to establish the quality, performance orreliability, procedures include analysis, appraisal, assessment, auditing,checking, evaluation, examination, experimentation, inspection, interrogation,investigation, and probing)
TIPS TO REDUCE STRESS TO
WORKERS
SAFETY POLICY
SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
SAFETY CULTURE
SAFETY PRACTICES
SAFETY EFFICAY AND ATTITUDE
SAFETY BEHAVIOR
SAFETY CLIMATE
SAFETY AWARENESS
SAFETY EDUCATION AND TRAINING
SAFE PRODUCTION
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